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A kind of lithium metal battery electrolyte containing compound additive and preparation method thereof

A technology of lithium metal batteries and compound additives, which is applied in lithium batteries, secondary batteries, organic electrolytes, etc., can solve problems such as low solubility of lithium nitrate, inhibit the formation of nano-scale dendritic deposition, promote grain coarsening, The effect of improving full cell performance and cycling performance

Active Publication Date: 2021-04-16
邵武永太高新材料有限公司
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

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Problems solved by technology

[0007] However, the essential problem of low solubility of lithium nitrate in ester electrolyte has not been solved

Method used

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  • A kind of lithium metal battery electrolyte containing compound additive and preparation method thereof
  • A kind of lithium metal battery electrolyte containing compound additive and preparation method thereof

Examples

Experimental program
Comparison scheme
Effect test

Embodiment 1

[0033] In the argon glove box, the preparation composition is ethylene carbonate:diethyl carbonate=1:1 (volume ratio), containing 1.0mol L -1 The electrolyte solution of lithium hexafluorophosphate, 0.5wt% tin trifluoromethanesulfonate and 5.0wt% lithium nitrate was heated and stirred at 40°C for 6 hours in an argon glove box until the lithium nitrate was completely dissolved.

[0034] The electrolyte is used for the full battery test with metal lithium as the negative electrode and nickel-cobalt lithium manganese oxide as the positive electrode. The single-layer polypropylene film is used as the separator. After testing, the Coulombic efficiency of the negative electrode of the battery measured by the Li / Cu battery can reach 99.9. %; 530 circles of cycle life; the scanning electron microscope lithium metal deposition figure of the first circle deposition of embodiment 1 is as follows figure 2 As shown in b in , the lithium metal deposition grains are coarsened.

[0035] 45 ...

Embodiment 2

[0037] In the argon glove box, the preparation composition is fluoroethylene carbonate: diethyl carbonate = 1:2 (volume ratio), containing 1.0mol L -1The electrolyte solution of lithium hexafluorophosphate, 0.5wt% indium trifluoromethanesulfonate and 3.0wt% lithium nitrate was heated and stirred at 40°C for 4 hours in an argon glove box until the lithium nitrate was completely dissolved.

[0038] The electrolyte is used to use 45 micron thick lithium metal foil as the negative electrode and nickel-cobalt lithium manganese oxide as the positive electrode (3mAh cm -2 ) full battery test, using a single-layer polypropylene film as a diaphragm, charging and discharging at a constant current of 0.3C on a battery tester (Wuhan Landian Company), the Coulombic efficiency of the battery can reach 99.9%, and the cycle life is 320 cycles.

Embodiment 3

[0040] In the argon glove box, the preparation composition is fluoroethylene carbonate: dimethyl carbonate = 1:4 (volume ratio), containing 1.2mol L -1 The electrolyte solution of lithium hexafluorophosphate, 0.8wt% iron trifluoromethanesulfonate and 8.0wt% lithium nitrate was heated and stirred at 60°C for 6 hours in an argon glove box until the lithium nitrate was completely dissolved.

[0041] The electrolyte is used to use 45 micron thick lithium metal foil as the negative electrode and lithium iron phosphate as the positive electrode (3mAh cm -2 ) full battery test, using a single-layer polypropylene film as a diaphragm, charging and discharging at a constant current of 0.3C on a battery tester (Wuhan Landian Company), the Coulombic efficiency of the battery can reach 99.9%, and the cycle life is 1000 cycles.

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Abstract

The invention discloses a lithium metal battery electrolyte containing composite additives, which comprises electrolyte lithium salt, an organic solvent and composite additives, wherein the organic solvent is an ester solvent, and the composite additives include Lewis acid and lithium nitrate. The lithium metal battery electrolyte of the present invention can be converted into a layer of inorganic fast ion solid electrolyte protective layer rich in nitride and lithium oxide on the surface of the lithium metal negative electrode in situ, so as to promote the coarsening of lithium metal deposition grains and suppress nanoscale dendrites. Crystalline deposition is formed to improve battery safety; and it is compatible with current lithium-ion battery technology and has commercial potential. The invention also discloses a method for preparing the electrolyte solution of the lithium metal battery, which includes the following steps: under the protection of an inert gas, adding the composite additive into the ester solvent in which the lithium salt of the electrolyte is dissolved, and heating the electrolyte within the range of 25-60°C Stir for 1-6 hours. The preparation method has simple operation and stable process.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the technical field of secondary high energy density batteries, in particular to an electrolyte solution for lithium metal batteries. Background technique [0002] With the rapid development of new energy technology industries such as portable electronic devices and electric vehicles, the global demand for energy storage devices with high energy density and high safety factor is increasing. Lithium-ion batteries based on graphite as the negative electrode are limited by the lower theoretical capacity of the negative electrode (372mAh g -1 ), its energy density is already close to the theoretical limit, and it is difficult to have a big improvement. [0003] Due to its extremely high theoretical capacity (3860mAh g -1 ) and ultra-low electrochemical potential (-3.04V) are considered to be the ultimate anode material for high energy density battery systems, and are also 300Wh kg -1 The key technology of the above secondary bat...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Patents(China)
IPC IPC(8): H01M10/0567H01M10/0569H01M10/052
CPCH01M10/052H01M10/0567H01M10/0569H01M2300/0025Y02E60/10
Inventor 陆盈盈张魏栋李思远
Owner 邵武永太高新材料有限公司
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