73 results about "Electrochemical potential" patented technology

The invention discloses a river sediment multi-parameter sensing self-adaptive sampling method and system, and relates to the technical field of environment monitoring, and the method comprises the following steps: S1, synchronously collecting the pH value, electrochemical potential, heavy metal binding state proportion, water body flow velocity and hydrodynamic parameters of sediment through a sensing device, and establishing a multi-parameter response baseline; and S2, based on the multi-parameter response baseline, collecting monitoring data in real time and executing differential analysis, and identifying a high-risk time period when the pH value change rate exceeds a threshold value and the heavy metal binding state proportion fluctuates. By constructing a multi-parameter response baseline and a linkage recognition mechanism, early sensing and accurate sampling of heavy metal release are realized, a closed-loop response system is constructed by combining chemical form analysis, self-correction and data feedback optimization recognition model, and the accuracy and intelligent level of pollution monitoring are improved.

The invention discloses a water treatment dosing method and dosing system based on alumen ustum detection, relates to the technical field of water treatment, and aims at monitoring equivalent parameters of alumen ustum forms in real time, enabling the alumen ustum forms to be equivalent to spherical particles and ignoring the influence of Brownian motion and fluid shearing on alumen ustum mechanics. Van der Waals force among alumen ustum particles is deduced according to equivalent parameters of alumen ustum forms, and then Zeta potential is deduced. The current metal particle concentration is determined according to the Zeta potential, and the steady-state dosage is adjusted according to the current metal particle concentration. According to the method, the DLVO mechanical field and the electrochemical potential distribution and control theory are fused, a multi-physics field coupling model is constructed, real-time updating of force field parameters under spatio-temporal data driving is achieved, a sensing-decision-execution closed-loop control chain is formed, and the system response speed is remarkably increased.

A hybrid KAN battery SOC estimation method based on physical gating fusion comprises the following steps that through an improved Butler-Volmer equation electrochemical potential energy module (EPM) and a temperature-pressure coupling diffusion dynamics module (DCM), the electrochemical reaction rate and the synergistic effect of thermal-electric coupling and mechanical stress are explicitly described in a model; therefore, the stability and robustness of the system can be obviously improved in a severe pressure sudden change scene; based on the output of the multi-physical field module, a dynamic empirical module (DEM) is adopted to adjust the fusion weight of a physical channel and a data driving channel in real time through an adaptive gating mechanism, so that the local precision and the overall generalization ability are automatically balanced in different operation conditions; in order to ensure that the prediction result accords with the real physical law of the battery, SOC boundary limitation and time smoothness constraint are fused in a loss function, and dynamic correction is performed on model output, so that boundary crossing and abnormal jitter are effectively avoided.

The invention discloses a hydraulic concrete ion transmission method based on a real pore structure and solution composition, and relates to the technical field of ion transmission. Comprising the following steps: constructing a multi-scale diffusion model based on fractal dimensions; obtaining a pore network based on a multi-scale diffusion model, and forming an electrochemical potential gradient through a local micro-region of the pore network; constructing an ion transmission model based on the electrochemical potential gradient, the capillary action parameter and the convection parameter; and evaluating an ion transmission result based on the ion transmission model. According to the method, the electrochemical potential gradient, capillary action parameters and convection parameters are considered, the constructed ion transmission model can well reproduce the ion distribution in the test, and the ion distribution in the concrete at different stages can be accurately predicted.

The invention discloses a composite positive electrode material for realizing sodium ion internal compensation based on electrochemical potential difference as well as a preparation method and application thereof, relates to a sodium ion battery composite positive electrode material as well as a preparation method and application thereof, and aims at solving the problems of polarization increase, capacity reduction and poor rate capability of the existing sodium ion battery positive electrode material at the discharge end and in a low-temperature environment. The composite positive electrode material is formed by compounding a main phase material A and an auxiliary phase material B with the electrochemical potential higher than that of the main phase material A in a physical mode; at the final stage of discharge or at low temperature and high rate, the auxiliary phase spontaneously releases sodium ions to the main phase based on the electrochemical potential difference of the two phases without the action of an external electric field, and the available capacity of the main phase is improved through internal compensation. The specific discharge capacity of the sodium vanadium fluorophosphate and sodium vanadium phosphate composite material is 119.2 mAh g <-1 >, the specific discharge capacities of the sodium vanadium fluorophosphate and sodium vanadium phosphate composite material are 76.4 mAh g <-1 > and 107.4 mAh g <-1 > at the multiplying power of 30 C and the multiplying power of-20 DEG C and the multiplying power of 0.1 C, and the sodium vanadium fluorophosphate and sodium vanadium phosphate composite material can be applied to the field of sodium ion batteries.

In the present method and device for producing metal powders, an electrolyte solution is exposed to an electrochemical potential and ultrasonic vibrations in a thin-layer sonoelectrochemical cell with a sacrificial anode, and powder particle sizes are controlled by controlled limitation of the dwell time of electrolyte solution containing already-formed particles in the thin-layer sonoelectrochemical cell. Limitation of the dwell time within the thin-layer sonoelectrochemical cell is achieved by the continuous controlled circulation of electrolyte solution from a settling cell through the thin-layer sonoelectrochemical cell, in the process of which formed particles with predetermined sizes settle to the bottom of the settling cell. The powder production rate is 400 g / h or more. The production cost of the powder is of an order less than that of similar powders produced by chemical reduction, which is the most widely used technique to date, while production waste is several orders less.

The invention belongs to the field of alkali metal batteries, and discloses an alkali metal alloy powder material and a preparation method, application and a product thereof, the alkali metal alloy powder material is alloy powder formed by an alkali metal element and at least one non-alkali metal element, the particle size is 1-100 microns, the atomic ratio of all elements in any single powder is highly consistent with the feeding ratio of raw materials, and the atomic ratio of all the elements in the powder is 1-100 microns. The high reducibility similar to alkali metal is maintained, the electronic conductivity is larger than 0.01 mS / cm, the average chemical valence state is smaller than 0.5 valence, and the electrochemical potential relative to metal lithium or metal sodium is 0-2 V. The preparation method comprises the following steps: heating and melting an alkali metal raw material to form an alkali metal melt, introducing a non-alkali metal raw material into the alkali metal melt, cooling to obtain an alkali metal alloy ingot, and physically grinding the alkali metal alloy ingot in a protective atmosphere to obtain powder with uniform components. The invention aims to provide a high-activity alkali metal alloy material in a powder form so as to fill the blank of the industry.

Bonding strength and yield can be enhanced by providing a mating pair of a convex bonding surface and a concave bonding surface. The convex bonding surface can be provided by employing a conductive barrier layer having a higher electrochemical potential than copper. The concave bonding surface can be provided by employing a conductive barrier layer having a lower electrochemical potential than copper. Alternatively additionally, a copper material portion in a bonding pad may include at least 10% volume fraction of (200) copper grains to provide high volume expansion toward a mating copper material portion. The mating copper material portion may be formed with at least 95% volume fraction of (111) copper grains to provide high surface diffusivity, or may be formed with at least 10% volume fraction of (200) copper grains to provide high volume expansion.

Disclosed are novel electrolytes, and techniques for making and devices using such electrolytes, which are based on compressed gas solvents. Unlike conventional electrolytes, disclosed electrolytes are based on “compressed gas solvents” mixed with various salts, referred to as “compressed gas electrolytes.” Various embodiments of a compressed gas solvent include a material that is in a gas phase and has a vapor pressure above an atmospheric pressure at room temperature. The disclosed compressed gas electrolytes can have wide electrochemical potential windows, high conductivity, low temperature capability and / or high pressure solvent properties. Examples of a class of compressed gases that can be used as solvent for electrolytes include hydrofluorocarbons, in particular fluoromethane, difluoromethane, tetrafluoroethane, and pentafluoroethane. Also disclosed are battery and supercapacitor structures that use compressed gas solvent-based electrolytes and techniques for constructing such energy storage devices. Techniques for electroplating difficult-to-deposit materials using compressed gas electrolytes as an electroplating bath are also disclosed.

The invention relates to the technical field of non-ferrous metal smelting, and discloses a combined treatment method of copper anode slime and lead anode slime, which comprises the following steps: step 1, pretreatment: mixing the copper anode slime and the lead anode slime, and then sequentially carrying out ball-milling crushing and water-washing desalination, the ball-to-material ratio of the ball-milling crushing is 4: 1-6: 1, and the particle size D50 of the crushed material is 8-25 [mu] m; the pretreated raw materials and a leaching agent are mixed and react for 1.5-3 h at the temperature of 60-75 DEG C under ultrasonic field and constant potential control, the potential range of constant potential control is 0.90-1.10 V, and the leaching agent comprises, by mass, 35-45 parts of thiourea, 8-12 parts of sodium chloride, 4-6 parts of ammonium persulfate, 3-5 parts of citric acid and 12-18 parts of sulfuric acid. By adopting the technical scheme of the synergistic effect of electrochemical potential gradient regulation and control and a complexing competitive mechanism, the defect that the leaching rate of precious metal is insufficient due to overlapping of oxidation-reduction potentials is overcome.

The invention relates to a high-safety negative-electrode-free lithium battery and a preparation method and application thereof, in particular to a high-safety negative-electrode-free lithium battery which comprises a positive pole piece, a negative pole piece, a diaphragm and an electrolyte, the structure comprises a current collector and at least two positive electrode active material layers with different electrochemical potentials, wherein the positive electrode active material layers are sequentially coated on the current collector, so that a potential gradient from the current collector to the outside is formed; and / or the diaphragm is a composite ceramic diaphragm, and at least comprises a composite ceramic layer coated with AlO-coated BN on the surface; and / or the negative pole piece has a multi-layer coating structure, and the structure comprises a current collector and at least two negative active material layers with different reaction activities, and the negative active material layers are sequentially coated on the current collector. According to the invention, through multi-scale cooperation of the material and the interface, internal safety of the negative-electrode-free high-energy-density battery cell is realized from three dimensions of heat, electricity and force.

The application discloses a kind of water concrete ion transport methods based on real pore structure and solution composition, it is related to ion transport technical field. Including: based on the construction of multiscale diffusion model of fractal dimension;Pore network is obtained based on multiscale diffusion model, and local micro-region is formed through pore network electrochemical potential gradient;Based on electrochemical potential gradient, capillary action parameter and convection parameter, ion transport model is constructed;Based on ion transport model, ion transport result is evaluated.The ion transport model constructed by considering electrochemical potential gradient, capillary action parameter and convection parameter established by the application can well reproduce the distribution of ions in the test, and the ion distribution in the concrete at different stages can be accurately predicted.

A sensor for detecting a target polynucleotide is described. In an embodiment, the sensor comprising: at least one oligonucleotide probe, wherein the at least one oligonucleotide probe comprises a target-specific oligonucleotide complementary to a portion of the target polynucleotide, a shorter oligonucleotide anchored to an electrode, one end portion of the target-specific oligonucleotide is complementary to, and forms a duplex with, the shorter oligonucleotide, and a redox molecule attached to the target- specific oligonucleotide, wherein the target-specific oligonucleotide destabilises upon binding to the portion of the target polynucleotide and is released from the shorter oligonucleotide anchored to the electrode, modulating a distance between the redox molecule and a surface of the electrode to cause a change in electrochemical potential detected by the electrode for detecting the target polynucleotide. Embodiments in relation to a sensing platform, system and method for detecting a target polynucleotide are also described.

The application discloses a method for sensing electric voltage pressure based on interface state density modulation, a sensor and application, and comprises the following steps: constructing an interface structure with high pressure sensitive state density, containing at least one interface state density modulation layer and one solid-state electrolyte layer in close contact with the unit; under the action of external pressure, micro deformation or effective contact area change of the interface state density modulation layer is caused by pressure, and the state density of the unit interface is directly modulated; the change of the state density causes the Fermi level of the interface of the interface state density modulation layer to move, and a temporary electrochemical potential difference is generated; the electrochemical potential difference drives the directional migration of charge carriers in the solid-state electrolyte layer, and the interface charge is redistributed, so that a continuous and pressure-varying electric signal is generated in the external circuit. The application also comprises a corresponding sensor and application, and breaks through the physical limit that the traditional sensor cannot effectively detect due to charge leakage and dynamic mechanism limitation at ultra-low frequency.

Disclosed herein are systems and methods for tandem hydrogen (H2) production and carbon dioxide (CO2) capture. For example, described herein are methods comprising tandem H2 production and CO2 capture and conversion to a carbonate mineral. In some examples, the method is an electrochemical method. In some examples, the method comprises dissolving CO2 in water and applying an electrochemical potential sufficient to drive the H2 evolution reaction, thereby producing H2 and CO3 2-. In some examples, the methods further comprise contacting the CO3 2- with a cation to thereby form an insoluble carbonate compound.

The present invention supports design by enabling the checking of a determination rule in consideration of material-specific characteristics or physical properties, and enabling, in the design stage, the evaluation of corrosion resistance and durability of a product to be designed.　This design support system defines a determination rule related to a combination of component materials, recognizes an adjacent component on the basis of a feature value acquired from information of a model to be designed by using a predetermined function associated with the determination rule, and determines the suitability of the combination of the materials by using the material of the adjacent component and first material determination information in which a theoretical value related to the combination of the materials is registered. The determination rule includes a threshold value of an electrochemical potential, and a theoretical value of the electrochemical potential is registered in the first material determination information. It is determined whether the combination of the materials in the adjacent component conforms to the determination rule on the basis of comparison between the theoretical value of the electrochemical potential corresponding to the combination of the materials of the adjacent component and the threshold value of the determination rule.

The invention provides a modified lithium battery silicon negative electrode binder and a negative electrode plate and a battery using the same, and belongs to the field of lithium ion batteries. Chitosan is used as a main chain and is pre-assembled and compounded with a cross-linking agent integrating an ion concentration sensing and electrochemical potential response dual-function unit, and concentration gradient driving spontaneous cross-linking and gradient network formation in the electrode pretreatment process are utilized. Therefore, the intelligent binder with a gradient structure and potential-triggered dynamic adjustment capability is prepared and is used for preparation of a silicon negative plate and assembly of a lithium ion battery. The problems that an existing binder cannot achieve self-adaptive coordination between high-elasticity buffering and rigid ion channel requirements, cannot inhibit dendritic crystal growth under high magnification and is difficult to give consideration to long circulation stability and high-magnification safety are solved. The negative electrode binder can be used for preparing a silicon negative electrode of a high-rate fast-charging lithium battery, and has great development potential in the fields of high-end power batteries, energy storage systems and the like.

The invention relates to a metallic mold (1) for casting a fresh concrete mix, a method for protecting such a mold (1) against corrosion, and a method for producing a concrete product by casting fresh concrete into such a mold. The mold (1) comprises at least one wall (3) delimiting a receiving volume (4) for the mix (7) and is characterized in that the lateral wall (3) has an inner face (30) provided, in whole or in part, with a coating composed of a metallic film (5) having a lower electrochemical potential than the mold material (1) and a layer of an electrolytic material (6) ensuring the adhesion of the metallic film (5) to the mold (1) so as to protect from corrosion a surface exposed to the concrete mix cast into the receiving volume that is adjacent to the wall. Figure to be published with the abstract: Fig. 1

The application discloses a kind of electrochemical potential step transient test method and system for high temperature and high pressure diffusion control.The system includes high temperature and high pressure reactor, integrated three-electrode test unit, multistage sealing assembly, safety control subsystem and data acquisition unit;Multistage sealing assembly adopts conical surface sealing-high temperature ceramic insulation-back end hydraulic compensation composite design, to ensure the sealing and insulation reliability under high temperature and high pressure;Integrated three-electrode test unit is modular probe structure.When testing, inject corrosion solution into the kettle and heat up to target working condition, apply potential step signal to excite diffusion-controlled transient current response, and analyze test curve based on Cottrell equation and porous medium diffusion model.The application can in situ quantitatively obtain diffusion coefficient, porosity and effective thickness and other key parameters under the condition of 120-250 DEG C, 2.7-350 bar, to provide data support for metal component corrosion risk assessment.

The invention discloses a device and a method for preparing green ammonia by synchronously coupling gliding arc discharge and electro-catalysis, and belongs to the technical field of green chemical industry and renewable energy sources. The device comprises an integrated reactor, a gas distribution system, a high-voltage alternating-current power supply and a constant-voltage direct-current power supply, the integrated reactor comprises a gliding arc discharge unit, a cathode pool and an anode pool, and can perform electrocatalytic reduction reaction to synthesize ammonia in situ while realizing that gliding arc discharge oxidizes air to generate nitrogen oxide; and a gas-liquid-electrode interface stable structure is arranged in the cathode tank, so that the interference of bubbles on an electrode interface can be effectively blocked. According to the method, discharge parameters and catalyst performance are optimized, and the area and electrochemical potential of a working electrode are regulated and controlled, so that the plasma oxidation rate is matched with the electrocatalytic reduction rate, and continuous and stable operation is realized. According to the invention, the short-life active particles generated by the plasma directly participate in or promote the electro-catalytic reaction, a remarkable synergistic effect is generated, and efficient, green and continuous synthesis of ammonia from air and water is realized.

The invention provides a method for preparing high-purity indium through vacuum distillation coupled zone melting, and belongs to the technical field of high-purity indium preparation. The invention provides a three-step synergistic preparation method of high-purity indium, which comprises the following steps: firstly, carrying out primary purification on raw materials based on the physical difference of saturated vapor pressure of each component by adopting a vacuum distillation technology, removing most conventional impurities and providing a clean matrix; then, aiming at the stubborn impurity thallium which cannot be removed by vacuum distillation, selectively oxidizing and extracting the stubborn impurity thallium in a molten salt-metal system by utilizing the electrochemical potential difference between the stubborn impurity thallium and indium, and replacing the thallium with bismuth which is easy to subsequently treat through impurity replacement; and finally, performing final fine purification by adopting zone melting, and enriching all residual trace impurities including bismuth to the ingot tail and cutting off through multiple times of directional solidification on the basis of a solute segregation principle, so as to obtain high-purity indium.

The present invention relates to a medical electrode, including: a first layer made of a first material having a first electrochemical potential window, especially a first charge injection limit, and at least one second layer made of a second material having a second electrochemical potential window, especially a second charge injection limit, wherein the first layer and the second layer are located on a base substrate, wherein the second electrochemical potential window is lower than the first electrochemical potential window, and wherein the first layer is provided on top of the second layer and encapsulates the second layer, so that no electrical current directly flows from the second layer toward a target tissue.

The present disclosure provides a blended anode for a lithium ion battery. The present disclosure relates to a blended anode material comprising at least two types of electrochemically active components having different redox potentials. The anode design imparts a number of advantageous characteristics that provide chemical and structural stability over conventional single-phase graphite anodes, particularly at high and / or low electrochemical potentials.

This application belongs to the field of electrochemical chemical technology, and specifically relates to a method for preparing nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide. This application constructs a reaction system and utilizes the coordination between electrode materials and electrochemical potential to prepare nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide with high efficiency and high yield at low negative voltage. This application improves the yield of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide by preparing a composite metal electrode by calcining metal and carbon. This application is beneficial to the NAD * and H * Diffusion and adsorption within the electrode material provide more active sites for charge transfer. This application further improves the yield of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide by introducing carbon nanoparticles into the reaction solution, providing more active sites and enhancing electron transfer efficiency. Testing has shown that using titanium foam as the working electrode and carbon nanoparticles added to the reaction solution at a low negative voltage of -0.7V for 5s yields as high as 99.3%.

Disclosed are an abrasion-resistant anti-corrosive coating, and a preparation method and a use thereof. The abrasion-resistant anti-corrosive coating is prepared from a component A and a component B. In the component A, a polyurethane (PU) resin is used as a film-forming material in combination with a corrosion inhibitor, an abrasion-resistant filler, and a body filler. On the basis of the abrasion resistance of the PU resin, the corrosion inhibition of the corrosion inhibitor and the high abrasion resistance of the abrasion-resistant filler improve the abrasion resistance of a coating layer. The use of the body filler reduces a cost of the coating. A thixotropic agent makes the coating have high storage stability. The coating does not include metal components, which avoids an electrochemical potential difference between a coating layer and an alloy, such that the corrosion of the alloy can be effectively controlled.

The application relates to a magnesium alloy composite material with a micro-battery system, which comprises a Mg matrix with a weight content of more than 50%, and further comprises light rare earth elements or intermetallic compounds formed by the light rare earth elements and molten magnesium, the light rare earth elements or the intermetallic compounds formed by the light rare earth elements and molten magnesium have an electrochemical potential difference with the Mg matrix and form a micro-battery system, and more than 50% of the light rare earth-rich cathode phase is distributed around the periphery of the alpha-Mg matrix phase grain.

A rechargeable electrochemical system is disclosed that operates using ultra-pure water and a preconditioned electrode without added salts, acids, bases, or catalysts. The electrode is infused with reactive hydrogen species, such as atomic hydrogen, through methods including electrolysis, thermal exposure, or ambient-compatible water jet impact. Upon immersion in ultra-pure water and pairing with a second electrode, the infused electrode induces a spontaneous electrochemical potential. The water, initially non-conductive, becomes weakly alkaline and functions as an electrolyte. The system generates measurable voltage and current under ambient conditions. After discharge, the infused electrode can be restored by reapplying the hydrogen-infusion process or an external potential, enabling repeated charge-discharge cycles. Experimental validation shows consistent electrochemical behavior and power output sufficient for common electronic components. This system offers a scalable, environmentally compatible alternative to conventional batteries and hydrogen energy systems, enabling novel electrochemical operation under benign conditions and opening pathways in low-energy nuclear processes.

The present invention discloses a water treatment dosing method and dosing system based on alum flower detection, which relates to the technical field of water treatment. The method monitors the equivalent parameters of the alum flower morphology in real time, equates the alum flower morphology to spherical particles, and ignores the influence of Brownian motion and fluid shear on the alum flower mechanics. The van der Waals force between the alum flower particles is derived based on the equivalent parameters of the alum flower morphology, and then the Zeta potential is derived. The current metal particle concentration is determined based on the Zeta potential, and the steady-state dosing amount is adjusted based on the current metal particle concentration. The present invention integrates the DLVO mechanical field, electrochemical potential distribution and control theory, constructs a multi-physical field coupling model, realizes real-time updating of force field parameters driven by spatiotemporal data, forms a closed-loop control chain of perception-decision-execution, and significantly improves the system response speed.

The invention discloses a resourceful treatment method for wastewater containing high-concentration uranium, and belongs to the technical field of radioactive wastewater treatment. According to the method, a double-chamber electrolytic tank is adopted, a positive electrode chamber and a negative electrode chamber are separated through a PVDF micro-filtration membrane, uranium ions are driven to migrate directionally through the electrochemical potential gradient between high-concentration wastewater and low-concentration wastewater, and efficient migration and reduction of uranium are achieved through electrolysis under low voltage with a hastelloy net as an anode and graphite as a cathode. After electrolysis, uranium is enriched and recovered in the form of high-purity UO2, and the uranium content of wastewater is reduced to 20 mg / L or below. The method has the advantages of low energy consumption, no chemical addition, high resource recovery rate, environmental friendliness and the like, and is suitable for treatment and resource utilization of the high-concentration uranium-containing acidic wastewater.

A positive electrode sheet (100) and a preparation method therefor, a battery, and a vehicle. The positive electrode sheet (100) comprises a current collector (11), a first positive electrode active material layer (12) and a second positive electrode active material layer (13). The first positive electrode active material layer (12) is arranged on at least one side of the current collector (11), the first positive electrode active material layer (12) comprises a first positive electrode active material, and the first positive electrode active material comprises LiNixCoyMn1-x-yO2, wherein 0.6≤x≤0.95, 0.03≤y≤0.1, and 0<x+y<1. The second positive electrode active material layer (13) is arranged on the side of the first positive electrode active material layer (12) facing away from the current collector (11), the second positive electrode active material layer (13) comprises a second positive electrode active material, and an electrochemical potential window of the second positive electrode active material is greater than that of the first positive electrode active material.