43 results about "Electrochemical potential" patented technology

The invention discloses a river sediment multi-parameter sensing self-adaptive sampling method and system, and relates to the technical field of environment monitoring, and the method comprises the following steps: S1, synchronously collecting the pH value, electrochemical potential, heavy metal binding state proportion, water body flow velocity and hydrodynamic parameters of sediment through a sensing device, and establishing a multi-parameter response baseline; and S2, based on the multi-parameter response baseline, collecting monitoring data in real time and executing differential analysis, and identifying a high-risk time period when the pH value change rate exceeds a threshold value and the heavy metal binding state proportion fluctuates. By constructing a multi-parameter response baseline and a linkage recognition mechanism, early sensing and accurate sampling of heavy metal release are realized, a closed-loop response system is constructed by combining chemical form analysis, self-correction and data feedback optimization recognition model, and the accuracy and intelligent level of pollution monitoring are improved.

The invention discloses a composite positive electrode material for realizing sodium ion internal compensation based on electrochemical potential difference as well as a preparation method and application thereof, relates to a sodium ion battery composite positive electrode material as well as a preparation method and application thereof, and aims at solving the problems of polarization increase, capacity reduction and poor rate capability of the existing sodium ion battery positive electrode material at the discharge end and in a low-temperature environment. The composite positive electrode material is formed by compounding a main phase material A and an auxiliary phase material B with the electrochemical potential higher than that of the main phase material A in a physical mode; at the final stage of discharge or at low temperature and high rate, the auxiliary phase spontaneously releases sodium ions to the main phase based on the electrochemical potential difference of the two phases without the action of an external electric field, and the available capacity of the main phase is improved through internal compensation. The specific discharge capacity of the sodium vanadium fluorophosphate and sodium vanadium phosphate composite material is 119.2 mAh g <-1 >, the specific discharge capacities of the sodium vanadium fluorophosphate and sodium vanadium phosphate composite material are 76.4 mAh g <-1 > and 107.4 mAh g <-1 > at the multiplying power of 30 C and the multiplying power of-20 DEG C and the multiplying power of 0.1 C, and the sodium vanadium fluorophosphate and sodium vanadium phosphate composite material can be applied to the field of sodium ion batteries.

The invention belongs to the field of alkali metal batteries, and discloses an alkali metal alloy powder material and a preparation method, application and a product thereof, the alkali metal alloy powder material is alloy powder formed by an alkali metal element and at least one non-alkali metal element, the particle size is 1-100 microns, the atomic ratio of all elements in any single powder is highly consistent with the feeding ratio of raw materials, and the atomic ratio of all the elements in the powder is 1-100 microns. The high reducibility similar to alkali metal is maintained, the electronic conductivity is larger than 0.01 mS / cm, the average chemical valence state is smaller than 0.5 valence, and the electrochemical potential relative to metal lithium or metal sodium is 0-2 V. The preparation method comprises the following steps: heating and melting an alkali metal raw material to form an alkali metal melt, introducing a non-alkali metal raw material into the alkali metal melt, cooling to obtain an alkali metal alloy ingot, and physically grinding the alkali metal alloy ingot in a protective atmosphere to obtain powder with uniform components. The invention aims to provide a high-activity alkali metal alloy material in a powder form so as to fill the blank of the industry.

Disclosed are novel electrolytes, and techniques for making and devices using such electrolytes, which are based on compressed gas solvents. Unlike conventional electrolytes, disclosed electrolytes are based on “compressed gas solvents” mixed with various salts, referred to as “compressed gas electrolytes.” Various embodiments of a compressed gas solvent include a material that is in a gas phase and has a vapor pressure above an atmospheric pressure at room temperature. The disclosed compressed gas electrolytes can have wide electrochemical potential windows, high conductivity, low temperature capability and / or high pressure solvent properties. Examples of a class of compressed gases that can be used as solvent for electrolytes include hydrofluorocarbons, in particular fluoromethane, difluoromethane, tetrafluoroethane, and pentafluoroethane. Also disclosed are battery and supercapacitor structures that use compressed gas solvent-based electrolytes and techniques for constructing such energy storage devices. Techniques for electroplating difficult-to-deposit materials using compressed gas electrolytes as an electroplating bath are also disclosed.

The invention relates to a high-safety negative-electrode-free lithium battery and a preparation method and application thereof, in particular to a high-safety negative-electrode-free lithium battery which comprises a positive pole piece, a negative pole piece, a diaphragm and an electrolyte, the structure comprises a current collector and at least two positive electrode active material layers with different electrochemical potentials, wherein the positive electrode active material layers are sequentially coated on the current collector, so that a potential gradient from the current collector to the outside is formed; and / or the diaphragm is a composite ceramic diaphragm, and at least comprises a composite ceramic layer coated with AlO-coated BN on the surface; and / or the negative pole piece has a multi-layer coating structure, and the structure comprises a current collector and at least two negative active material layers with different reaction activities, and the negative active material layers are sequentially coated on the current collector. According to the invention, through multi-scale cooperation of the material and the interface, internal safety of the negative-electrode-free high-energy-density battery cell is realized from three dimensions of heat, electricity and force.

The application discloses a kind of water concrete ion transport methods based on real pore structure and solution composition, it is related to ion transport technical field. Including: based on the construction of multiscale diffusion model of fractal dimension;Pore network is obtained based on multiscale diffusion model, and local micro-region is formed through pore network electrochemical potential gradient;Based on electrochemical potential gradient, capillary action parameter and convection parameter, ion transport model is constructed;Based on ion transport model, ion transport result is evaluated.The ion transport model constructed by considering electrochemical potential gradient, capillary action parameter and convection parameter established by the application can well reproduce the distribution of ions in the test, and the ion distribution in the concrete at different stages can be accurately predicted.

A sensor for detecting a target polynucleotide is described. In an embodiment, the sensor comprising: at least one oligonucleotide probe, wherein the at least one oligonucleotide probe comprises a target-specific oligonucleotide complementary to a portion of the target polynucleotide, a shorter oligonucleotide anchored to an electrode, one end portion of the target-specific oligonucleotide is complementary to, and forms a duplex with, the shorter oligonucleotide, and a redox molecule attached to the target- specific oligonucleotide, wherein the target-specific oligonucleotide destabilises upon binding to the portion of the target polynucleotide and is released from the shorter oligonucleotide anchored to the electrode, modulating a distance between the redox molecule and a surface of the electrode to cause a change in electrochemical potential detected by the electrode for detecting the target polynucleotide. Embodiments in relation to a sensing platform, system and method for detecting a target polynucleotide are also described.

The application discloses a method for sensing electric voltage pressure based on interface state density modulation, a sensor and application, and comprises the following steps: constructing an interface structure with high pressure sensitive state density, containing at least one interface state density modulation layer and one solid-state electrolyte layer in close contact with the unit; under the action of external pressure, micro deformation or effective contact area change of the interface state density modulation layer is caused by pressure, and the state density of the unit interface is directly modulated; the change of the state density causes the Fermi level of the interface of the interface state density modulation layer to move, and a temporary electrochemical potential difference is generated; the electrochemical potential difference drives the directional migration of charge carriers in the solid-state electrolyte layer, and the interface charge is redistributed, so that a continuous and pressure-varying electric signal is generated in the external circuit. The application also comprises a corresponding sensor and application, and breaks through the physical limit that the traditional sensor cannot effectively detect due to charge leakage and dynamic mechanism limitation at ultra-low frequency.

The present invention supports design by enabling the checking of a determination rule in consideration of material-specific characteristics or physical properties, and enabling, in the design stage, the evaluation of corrosion resistance and durability of a product to be designed.　This design support system defines a determination rule related to a combination of component materials, recognizes an adjacent component on the basis of a feature value acquired from information of a model to be designed by using a predetermined function associated with the determination rule, and determines the suitability of the combination of the materials by using the material of the adjacent component and first material determination information in which a theoretical value related to the combination of the materials is registered. The determination rule includes a threshold value of an electrochemical potential, and a theoretical value of the electrochemical potential is registered in the first material determination information. It is determined whether the combination of the materials in the adjacent component conforms to the determination rule on the basis of comparison between the theoretical value of the electrochemical potential corresponding to the combination of the materials of the adjacent component and the threshold value of the determination rule.

The invention provides a modified lithium battery silicon negative electrode binder and a negative electrode plate and a battery using the same, and belongs to the field of lithium ion batteries. Chitosan is used as a main chain and is pre-assembled and compounded with a cross-linking agent integrating an ion concentration sensing and electrochemical potential response dual-function unit, and concentration gradient driving spontaneous cross-linking and gradient network formation in the electrode pretreatment process are utilized. Therefore, the intelligent binder with a gradient structure and potential-triggered dynamic adjustment capability is prepared and is used for preparation of a silicon negative plate and assembly of a lithium ion battery. The problems that an existing binder cannot achieve self-adaptive coordination between high-elasticity buffering and rigid ion channel requirements, cannot inhibit dendritic crystal growth under high magnification and is difficult to give consideration to long circulation stability and high-magnification safety are solved. The negative electrode binder can be used for preparing a silicon negative electrode of a high-rate fast-charging lithium battery, and has great development potential in the fields of high-end power batteries, energy storage systems and the like.

The invention relates to a metallic mold (1) for casting a fresh concrete mix, a method for protecting such a mold (1) against corrosion, and a method for producing a concrete product by casting fresh concrete into such a mold. The mold (1) comprises at least one wall (3) delimiting a receiving volume (4) for the mix (7) and is characterized in that the lateral wall (3) has an inner face (30) provided, in whole or in part, with a coating composed of a metallic film (5) having a lower electrochemical potential than the mold material (1) and a layer of an electrolytic material (6) ensuring the adhesion of the metallic film (5) to the mold (1) so as to protect from corrosion a surface exposed to the concrete mix cast into the receiving volume that is adjacent to the wall. Figure to be published with the abstract: Fig. 1

The application discloses a kind of electrochemical potential step transient test method and system for high temperature and high pressure diffusion control.The system includes high temperature and high pressure reactor, integrated three-electrode test unit, multistage sealing assembly, safety control subsystem and data acquisition unit;Multistage sealing assembly adopts conical surface sealing-high temperature ceramic insulation-back end hydraulic compensation composite design, to ensure the sealing and insulation reliability under high temperature and high pressure;Integrated three-electrode test unit is modular probe structure.When testing, inject corrosion solution into the kettle and heat up to target working condition, apply potential step signal to excite diffusion-controlled transient current response, and analyze test curve based on Cottrell equation and porous medium diffusion model.The application can in situ quantitatively obtain diffusion coefficient, porosity and effective thickness and other key parameters under the condition of 120-250 DEG C, 2.7-350 bar, to provide data support for metal component corrosion risk assessment.

The invention discloses a device and a method for preparing green ammonia by synchronously coupling gliding arc discharge and electro-catalysis, and belongs to the technical field of green chemical industry and renewable energy sources. The device comprises an integrated reactor, a gas distribution system, a high-voltage alternating-current power supply and a constant-voltage direct-current power supply, the integrated reactor comprises a gliding arc discharge unit, a cathode pool and an anode pool, and can perform electrocatalytic reduction reaction to synthesize ammonia in situ while realizing that gliding arc discharge oxidizes air to generate nitrogen oxide; and a gas-liquid-electrode interface stable structure is arranged in the cathode tank, so that the interference of bubbles on an electrode interface can be effectively blocked. According to the method, discharge parameters and catalyst performance are optimized, and the area and electrochemical potential of a working electrode are regulated and controlled, so that the plasma oxidation rate is matched with the electrocatalytic reduction rate, and continuous and stable operation is realized. According to the invention, the short-life active particles generated by the plasma directly participate in or promote the electro-catalytic reaction, a remarkable synergistic effect is generated, and efficient, green and continuous synthesis of ammonia from air and water is realized.

The invention provides a method for preparing high-purity indium through vacuum distillation coupled zone melting, and belongs to the technical field of high-purity indium preparation. The invention provides a three-step synergistic preparation method of high-purity indium, which comprises the following steps: firstly, carrying out primary purification on raw materials based on the physical difference of saturated vapor pressure of each component by adopting a vacuum distillation technology, removing most conventional impurities and providing a clean matrix; then, aiming at the stubborn impurity thallium which cannot be removed by vacuum distillation, selectively oxidizing and extracting the stubborn impurity thallium in a molten salt-metal system by utilizing the electrochemical potential difference between the stubborn impurity thallium and indium, and replacing the thallium with bismuth which is easy to subsequently treat through impurity replacement; and finally, performing final fine purification by adopting zone melting, and enriching all residual trace impurities including bismuth to the ingot tail and cutting off through multiple times of directional solidification on the basis of a solute segregation principle, so as to obtain high-purity indium.

The present invention relates to a medical electrode, including: a first layer made of a first material having a first electrochemical potential window, especially a first charge injection limit, and at least one second layer made of a second material having a second electrochemical potential window, especially a second charge injection limit, wherein the first layer and the second layer are located on a base substrate, wherein the second electrochemical potential window is lower than the first electrochemical potential window, and wherein the first layer is provided on top of the second layer and encapsulates the second layer, so that no electrical current directly flows from the second layer toward a target tissue.

Disclosed are an abrasion-resistant anti-corrosive coating, and a preparation method and a use thereof. The abrasion-resistant anti-corrosive coating is prepared from a component A and a component B. In the component A, a polyurethane (PU) resin is used as a film-forming material in combination with a corrosion inhibitor, an abrasion-resistant filler, and a body filler. On the basis of the abrasion resistance of the PU resin, the corrosion inhibition of the corrosion inhibitor and the high abrasion resistance of the abrasion-resistant filler improve the abrasion resistance of a coating layer. The use of the body filler reduces a cost of the coating. A thixotropic agent makes the coating have high storage stability. The coating does not include metal components, which avoids an electrochemical potential difference between a coating layer and an alloy, such that the corrosion of the alloy can be effectively controlled.

The application relates to a magnesium alloy composite material with a micro-battery system, which comprises a Mg matrix with a weight content of more than 50%, and further comprises light rare earth elements or intermetallic compounds formed by the light rare earth elements and molten magnesium, the light rare earth elements or the intermetallic compounds formed by the light rare earth elements and molten magnesium have an electrochemical potential difference with the Mg matrix and form a micro-battery system, and more than 50% of the light rare earth-rich cathode phase is distributed around the periphery of the alpha-Mg matrix phase grain.

The invention discloses a resourceful treatment method for wastewater containing high-concentration uranium, and belongs to the technical field of radioactive wastewater treatment. According to the method, a double-chamber electrolytic tank is adopted, a positive electrode chamber and a negative electrode chamber are separated through a PVDF micro-filtration membrane, uranium ions are driven to migrate directionally through the electrochemical potential gradient between high-concentration wastewater and low-concentration wastewater, and efficient migration and reduction of uranium are achieved through electrolysis under low voltage with a hastelloy net as an anode and graphite as a cathode. After electrolysis, uranium is enriched and recovered in the form of high-purity UO2, and the uranium content of wastewater is reduced to 20 mg / L or below. The method has the advantages of low energy consumption, no chemical addition, high resource recovery rate, environmental friendliness and the like, and is suitable for treatment and resource utilization of the high-concentration uranium-containing acidic wastewater.

The application provides a monitoring method and device for monitoring salt release capacity of a brine well in situ, and belongs to the field of hydrogeological monitoring. In view of the problem that the prior art is difficult to distinguish the salt source and release horizon, the application is based on the natural potential detection technology in the well, especially suitable for monitoring the salt release of the weakly permeable layer in the coastal brine mining area, so as to implement the in-situ and layered dynamic monitoring of the salt release of different horizons of the brine well, thereby simplifying the construction means, reducing the monitoring cost and having a good popularization and application prospect. Specifically, an electrical cable is vertically arranged along the well wall in the pumping well, a plurality of electrodes are arranged on the electrical cable at intervals, and the electrical cable is tightly attached to the well wall through a fixing mechanism; the natural potential data on the vertical profile are collected, the electrochemical potential change caused by the salt release is utilized, the potential anomaly at different depths is captured, the dominant horizon of the salt release in the weakly permeable layer is located and identified, and the relative rate of the salt release of each horizon is inversely estimated.

The invention relates to the technical field of environment monitoring and intelligent management and control, in particular to an event-triggered intelligent management and control system for preventing a surface water body from returning to black and odor after raining, and the system comprises a microfluidic module which detects ammonium ions and chemical oxygen demand in a to-be-detected surface water body guided into a conveying cavity; the electrochemical workstation module comprises an acquisition unit, a wireless transmission module and an analysis unit, the acquisition unit is used for performing analog-digital sampling on the electrochemical potential or current signal output by the substrate assembly to obtain sampling data, and the wireless transmission module transmits the sampling data to the cloud platform through the wireless transmission module; the analysis unit preprocesses the sampled data and generates an event instruction fused with a fixed rule; the control module is used for triggering the execution device to perform aeration, dosing or water diversion dilution on the water source according to the event instruction, and receiving a response mark or overtime feedback of the execution device; the problems that in the prior art, only detection exists, closed-loop linkage is lacked, and lagging treatment exists are solved.

The invention relates to a method (100) for operating a fuel cell device (10) comprising at least one fuel cell stack (12) and at least one fuel cell (46), wherein, in a protective mode of the fuel cell device (10), a protective voltage is applied to the fuel cell (46) which is opposite to the Nernst voltage of the anode of the fuel cell. It is proposed that the electrochemical potential of the fuel cell (46) corresponds to an electrochemical potential in normal operation of the fuel cell device (10).

The application discloses a kind of Mg-Li-Gd-Ni alloy based on LPSO / matrix potential difference accurate regulation and control degradation rate and preparation method and application;Belong to metal material technical field.The present application solves the problem that the degradation rate of existing magnesium-lithium alloy is difficult to accurately control in degradable application.The alloy composition of the present application is as follows, by mass percentage:Li:8%, Gd:1-5%, Ni:0.25-1.25%, the balance is Mg.The stable electrochemical potential difference exists between the LPSO phase and the magnesium-lithium matrix of the present application, the potential difference is maintained in the range of 750-850 mV, and does not change with the change of LPSO content.The volume fraction and distribution of LPSO phase can be changed by controlling the content of Gd and Ni, and the degradation rate can be accurately controlled by increasing the area of cathode phase without changing the unit galvanic corrosion intensity.The degradation rate of the alloy of the present application can be continuously adjustable in the range of 0.09-0.23 mg / cm 2 ·min, and the degradation behavior has excellent temperature response characteristics, especially suitable for oil and gas well fracturing operation with accurate requirement for degradation time.

A method for protecting metal interconnects includes depositing a first layer having a first electrochemical potential over a substrate, depositing a second layer having a second electrochemical potential over the first layer, where the second electrochemical potential is less than the first electrochemical potential. The method includes creating an opening through the second layer, and extending the opening through the first layer by etching the first layer and the second layer, where at least some of the second layer is deposited over the first layer on sidewalls of the opening.

The invention discloses a riveting structure and method for achieving connection of a steel plate and a magnesium plate through an aluminum element, and relates to the technical field of dissimilar metal connection, the riveting structure comprises the magnesium plate, the steel plate and the aluminum element, a mounting hole is formed in the magnesium plate, the to-be-connected surface of the steel plate and the to-be-connected surface of the magnesium plate are arranged in an attached mode, and the aluminum element comprises a head part and a rod part. The head portion abuts against the side, away from the steel plate, of the magnesium plate, the rod portion penetrates through an installation hole of the magnesium plate and then abuts against the steel plate, and a rivet is arranged in the center of the aluminum element. Aluminum elements are adopted for preassembling, steel and aluminum are connected in a riveting mode, aluminum and magnesium are mechanically locked, and direct connection between the steel and the magnesium is avoided. The electrochemical potential of aluminum is between that of steel and that of magnesium, so that electrochemical corrosion caused by high potential difference generated by direct contact of steel and magnesium can be reduced, and the corrosion resistance and service life of the connection structure are improved.

This invention provides a modified lithium-ion battery silicon anode binder and its applications in anode sheets and batteries, belonging to the field of lithium-ion batteries. This invention utilizes chitosan as the main chain, pre-assembling it with a crosslinking agent integrating dual functional units of ion concentration sensing and electrochemical potential response. By leveraging the concentration gradient during electrode pretreatment to drive spontaneous crosslinking and gradient network formation, a smart binder with gradient structure and potential-triggered dynamic adjustment capabilities is prepared. This binder is used in the preparation of silicon anode sheets and the assembly of lithium-ion batteries, solving the problems of existing binders' inability to adaptively coordinate the requirements of high-elasticity buffers and rigid ion channels, their inability to suppress dendrite growth at high rates, and their difficulty in balancing long-cycle stability and high-rate safety. This anode binder can be used to prepare high-rate fast-charging lithium-ion battery silicon anodes, possessing great development potential in high-end power batteries and energy storage systems.

The present application relates to the technical field of industrial process automatic control, and especially relates to an aluminum alloy melt on-line degassing multi-parameter collaborative control method, which comprises collecting hydrogen atom diffusion flux, electrochemical potential and impedance real part signal, constructing a multi-field coupling state tensor through space-time alignment; setting up a dynamic cross-coupling Jacobian matrix, triggering matrix update by using impedance real part signal change rate, and establishing a prediction model to quantify the interference of control variables on hydrogen diffusion flux; inputting the state tensor into the prediction model to deduce evolution trajectory, and obtaining optimal control increment sequence by solving the target optimization function; and then collaboratively adjusting gas flow, bias voltage, stirring speed and vibration frequency. The present application realizes global optimization of melt electrochemistry and fluid dynamics state, eliminates system oscillation caused by single parameter adjustment, and improves the adaptability and quality stability of the degassing process.

This system allows for the checking of judgment rules that take into account the inherent properties or physical characteristics of materials, thereby supporting the design process by enabling evaluation of the corrosion resistance and durability of the product being designed at the design stage. [Solution] The design support system defines a judgment rule regarding the combination of component materials, recognizes adjacent components based on feature quantities obtained from the model information of the design target using a predetermined function linked to the judgment rule, and determines the suitability of the material combination using the material of the adjacent component and first material judgment information which has registered theoretical values ​​regarding the material combination. The judgment rule includes a threshold value for electrochemical potential, and the first material judgment information has registered theoretical values ​​for electrochemical potential. Based on a comparison between the theoretical value for electrochemical potential corresponding to the material combination of the adjacent component and the threshold value of the judgment rule, it determines whether the material combination in the adjacent component conforms to the judgment rule.

Disclosed are novel electrolytes, and techniques for making and devices using such electrolytes, which are based on compressed gas solvents. Unlike conventional electrolytes, disclosed electrolytes are based on “compressed gas solvents” mixed with various salts, referred to as “compressed gas electrolytes.” Various embodiments of a compressed gas solvent includes a material that is in a gas phase and has a vapor pressure above an atmospheric pressure at a room temperature. The disclosed compressed gas electrolytes can have wide electrochemical potential windows, high conductivity, low temperature capability and / or high pressure solvent properties. Examples of a class of compressed gases that can be used as solvent for electrolytes include hydrofluorocarbons, in particular fluoromethane, difluoromethane, tetrafluoroethane, pentafluoroethane,. Also disclosed are battery and supercapacitor structures that use compressed gas solvent-based electrolytes, techniques for constructing such energy storage devices. Techniques for electroplating difficult-to-deposit materials using compressed gas electrolytes as an electroplating bath are also disclosed.

The present invention relates to nitrogen-substituted nicotinamide derivatives and their use as efficient energy storage devices in organic batteries, and in particular in rechargeable batteries and redox flow batteries. The nitrogen-substituted nicotinamide derivatives are characterized by high storable energy density, high long-term stability during charging and discharging, and a high electrochemical potential of -1000 to -1100 mV.

New aluminum purification cells are disclosed. An aluminum purification cell may include a first anode in fluid communication with a molten metal pad and an electrolyte. The first anode may be configured to operate at a first electrochemical potential, wherein the first electrochemical potential is configured to produce aluminum ions from aluminum of the molten metal pad. The aluminum purification cell may include a cathode in fluid communication with the electrolyte and a purified aluminum zone. The aluminum purification cell may include a second anode in communication with the electrolyte. The second anode operates at a second electrochemical potential different from the first electrochemical potential, wherein the second electrochemical potential is configured to extract oxygen ions in the electrolyte.