Method for cultivating dwarf self-rooted rootstock big seedlings through sand cultivation layering

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for cultivating dwarf self-rooted rootstock big seedlings by sand cultivation layering. The method is characterized in that sand cultivation layering is used for replacing saw dust as a rooting material, and the growth of the dwarf self-rooted rootstock big seedlings is promoted by prolonging the illumination time. Through research and comparison, a self-rooted rootstock layering nursery is established, 10,000 rootstock seedlings are produced per mu every year, but less than 5000 qualified rootstock seedlings capable of being grafted are produced. By applying the technology, 24,900,000 rootstocks which can be grafted and qualified are produced every year in China, the benefit is 49,000,000 yuan when the value of each rootstock is 20 yuan, and the benefit is higher when rootstock seedlings are cultivated into finished large seedlings.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of seedling cultivation of fruit trees, and relates to a cultivation method of dwarf self-root stock seedlings by cultivating sand layering. Background technique [0002] The apple industry in developed countries generally adopts dwarf self-root stock cultivation. At present, the new orchards in the main apple producing countries in the world basically adopt dwarf self-root stock cultivation. The cultivation area of ​​dwarf self-root stock accounts for more than 90% of the total apple area in most countries, and 100% of European countries adopt dwarf self-root stock cultivation. In 2016, the total area of ​​apple cultivation in my country was 2.4 million hectares, of which the cultivation area of ​​dwarf self-root stock was 40,000 hectares, accounting for 1.7% of the total area of ​​apples in my country, a huge gap with foreign countries. According to the survey, in recent years, more than 40% of newly-buil...

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Problems solved by technology

Moreover, removing the difficulty of quarantine inspection, the non-toxic dwarf self-root stock seedlings produced in European countries are expensive to transport to my country. The cost of finished seedlings is 60-80 yuan per plant, and the cost of rootstock seedlings is 30-40 yuan per plant. The cost of garden seedlings is more than 10,000 yuan, far exceeding the investment capacity of my country's apple industry, which seriously restricts the promotion and application of my country's apple self-root cultivation technology

[0005] Although my country has established 333 hectares of self-rooted apple layering orchards, the layering orchard requires 50 cubic meters of sawdust per mu per year, which is a huge amount, and it is easy to burn when stacked in the open air, and the risk of fire is great

In addition, because a large amount of sawdust is cultivated in the layering nursery in the early stage, the number of leaves is reduced, and the production of rootstock seedlings is significantly reduced. Only half of the rootstock seedlings produced can be grafted, and half of the seedlings are scrapped, which seriously affects the production of finished large seedlings.

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