Ammonia storage and injection in NOx control
a technology of nox control and ammonia storage, which is applied in the direction of machine/engine, mechanical equipment, separation processes, etc., can solve the problems of storing ammonia, urea reacting with nitrogen oxides a longer time, and ammonia storage is undesirable. , to achieve the effect of rapid reaction with nitrogen oxides
Inactive Publication Date: 2005-06-16
KLEENAIR SYST INT PLC
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Benefits of technology
"The present invention provides a system for safely storing and injecting ammonia into the exhaust gases of an engine. The ammonia is stored as a liquid mixture of ammonia and water, and is injected directly into the exhaust gases through a heated tube. This system enables rapid reaction of ammonia with nitrogen oxides, leading to improved engine performance."
Problems solved by technology
One practical problem is how to store ammonia that is to be injected into the exhaust gas stream.
It is often undesirable to store ammonia under considerable pressure because of the danger of an explosion and the possibility of rapid leakage of ammonia.
However, it can take a longer time for urea to react with nitrogen oxides and turn them into nitrogen and water, than ammonia.
Method used
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Embodiment Construction
[0011]FIG. 1 illustrates a system 10 of the present invention, wherein an engine 12 has cylinders in which fuel and air are combusted to turn a crankshaft 14. The combustion produces hot exhaust gasses that are passed through an exhaust conduit 16 into the atmosphere. The exhaust conduit includes a manifold 20 that is connected to a few cylinders to collect the exhaust gasses therefrom. A catalytic convertor 22 that lies along the exhaust conduit, is widely used in vehicle engines to reduce pollution.
[0012]FIG. 1 shows an ammonia injection system 30 that includes a source 32 of ammonia. An injector apparatus 33 includes a metering valve 34, tube 36 with tube portion 62, and an injection nozzle at 40. The metering valve 34 passes ammonia from the source through a tube 36 to an ammonia injection location 40 where ammonia is injected into the exhaust conduit 16 to mix with hot exhaust gasses. The location 40 lies in or close to the exhaust gas manifold 20, so the ammonia encounters ve...
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Abstract
A system is described for storing ammonia and injecting it into the exhaust gas stream of an engine to reduce nitrogen oxides. The ammonia is stored as a liquid mixture (70) of ammonia and water in a container (50). In one system, the mixture passes through a hot nozzle and is injected into an upstream portion of the exhaust gas pipe.
Description
CROSS-REFERENCE [0001] This is a continuation-in-part of Ser. No. 10 / 132,552 filed Apr. 24, 2002.BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION [0002] In our earlier U.S. Pat. Nos. 5,224,346 and 5,992,141, we described experiments which showed that the amount of nitrogen oxides (NO and NO2), or NOx in engine exhaust gasses can be reduced by injecting ammonia (NH3) which reacts with nitrogen oxides to produce nitrogen and water. One practical problem is how to store ammonia that is to be injected into the exhaust gas stream. Ammonia can be stored as a liquid, at a pressure of about 150 psi, with the ammonia turning into gas when removed from the container and its pressure reduced. It is often undesirable to store ammonia under considerable pressure because of the danger of an explosion and the possibility of rapid leakage of ammonia. Another way for storing ammonia is to store it as urea (H2 NCO NH2) as in a solution with water, and inject it into the exhaust gas stream. However, it can take a longer t...
Claims
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IPC IPC(8): F01N5/02B01D53/56B01D53/90B01D53/92B01D53/94F01N3/08F01N3/20
CPCB01D53/56B01D53/86B01D53/90B01D53/92B01D53/9413Y02T10/24F01N3/2066F01N2610/02F01N2610/06F01N2610/1453B01D2251/2062Y02T10/12
Inventor BERRIMAN, LESTER P.ZABSKY, JOHN M.SIMONS, LIONEL S.
Owner KLEENAIR SYST INT PLC