Posterior stabilization systems with shared, dual dampener systems

Abstract

Dynamic posterior stabilization systems and methods of stabilizing vertebrae are described. A dynamic posterior stabilization system may include a first bone fastener configured to couple to a first vertebra, a second bone fastener configured to couple to a second vertebra, and a dampener system attached to the first bone fastener and the second bone fastener. The dampener system may include a first dampener set and a second dampener set. Compression of the first dampener set provides resistance to movement of the first bone fastener towards the second bone fastener. Compression of the first dampener set and the second dampener set provides resistance to movement of the first bone fastener away from the second bone fastener.

Description

BACKGROUND[0001]1. Field of the Invention[0002]Embodiments of the invention generally relate to functional spinal implant assemblies for insertion into an intervertebral space between adjacent vertebrae of a human spine and reconstruction of the posterior elements to provide stability, flexibility, and proper biomechanical motion. More specifically, embodiments relate to spinal stabilization systems that include one or more dynamic posterior stabilization systems.[0003]2. Description of Related Art[0004]The human spine is a complex mechanical structure including alternating bony vertebrae and fibrocartilaginous discs that are connected by strong ligaments and supported by musculature that extends from the skull to the pelvis and provides axial support to the body. The intervertebral discs provide mechanical cushion between adjacent vertebral segments of the spinal column and generally include two basic components: the nucleus pulposus and the annulus fibrosis. The intervertebral dis...

AI Technical Summary

Benefits of technology

[0024]In an embodiment, the dynamic stabilization system comprises a first bone fastener configured to couple to a first vertebra, a second bone fastener configured to couple to a second vertebra, and a dampener system. The dampener system comprises a variable length elongated member configured to couple to the first bone fastener; a member configured to couple to the variable length elongated member and the second bone fastener; a first dampener set coupled to the variab...

Problems solved by technology

Genetic or developmental irregularities, trauma, chronic stress, and degenerative wear can result in spinal pathologies for which surgical intervention may be necessary.

Fusing two vertebrae together results in some loss of motion.

Fusing two vertebrae together may also result in the placement of additional stress on one or more adjacent functional spinal units.

The additional stress may cause deterioration of an adjacent functional spinal unit that may result in the need for an additional surgical procedure or procedures.

A challenge of positioning a device between adjacent vertebrae using a posterior approach is that a device large enough to contact the end plates and slightly expand the space must be inserted through a limited space.

This challenge is often further heightened by the presence of posterior osteophytes, which may cause “fish mouthing” of the posterior vertebral end plates and result in very limited access to the disc.

A further challenge in degenerative disc spaces is the tendency of the disc space to assume a lenticular shape, which may require a larger implant than can be easily introduced without causing trauma to adjacent nerve roots.

The size of rigid devices that may safely be introduced into the disc space is thereby limited.

The anterior approach poses significant challenges as well.

Though the surgeon may gain very wide access to the interbody space from the anterior approach, this approach has its own set of complications and limitations.

The spine surgeon has extremely limited access to the nerve roots and no ability to access or replace the facet joints.

Injury to the great vessels may result in massive blood loss, postoperative venous stasis, limb loss, or death.

The anterior approach is more difficult in patients with significant obesity and may be virtually impossible in the face of previous retroperitoneal surgery.

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