The invention relates to a damaged cable and support translation progressive identification method on the basis of the angle monitoring during temperature variation. According to the damaged cable and support translation progressive identification method, on the basis of the angle monitoring, the translation displacement of a support, the temperatures of cable structures, the environment temperature and the damage degrees of damaged cables are monitored to determine whether a mechanical calculation reference model of the cable structures needs to be updated so as to obtain a novel mechanical calculation reference model of the cable structures, in which the translation displacement of the support, the damage degrees of the damaged cables and the temperatures of the cable structures are counted; and on the basis of the new model, according to approximate linear relations between a current value vector of a monitored quantity and a current initial value vector of the monitored quantity, a value unit change matrix of the unit damage monitored quantity and a current nominal damage vector to be obtained, when the temperature is changed, the damaged cables and the translation displacement of the support can be accurately identified.