Aluminum electrolytic bath composite cathode carbon block structure

Abstract

The invention discloses a horizontal electricity-outlet aluminum electrolytic bath cathode structure, and belongs to the technical field of aluminum electrolytic baths. An aluminum electrolytic bath composite cathode carbon block structure comprises a bath shell and a lining; the lining mainly comprises cathode carbon blocks, a side lining and a bottom lining, wherein the upper parts of the sections of the cathode carbon blocks are trapezoidal, while the lower parts are square; the cathode carbon blocks are connected by adopting a binding material; and cathode steel bars are arranged at the bottoms of the cathode carbon blocks and penetrate the electrolytic bath from the lateral part or the bottom. Many grooves are formed on the upper surface of the cathode so as to divide a great liquid aluminum bath into a plurality of areas, effectively constrain the flow and fluctuation of the liquid aluminum due to the action of electromagnetic force, improve the stability of the electrolytic bath, reduce the height and polar distance of the liquid aluminum, improve the current efficiency and fulfill the purposes of energy conservation and consumption reduction.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to a cathode structure of an aluminum electrolytic cell, belonging to the technical field of aluminum electrolytic cells. Background technique [0002] The Hall-Heroult electrolyser currently used for aluminum industry production uses carbon anodes and carbon block cathodes to produce aluminum by electrolysis of molten alumina. The electrolyte consists mainly of cryolite and alumina melt, in addition to aluminum fluoride dissolved in it. and other fluoride salts. The electrolytically separated aluminum is accumulated on the upper part of the cathode of the carbon block at the bottom of the tank, forming an aluminum liquid layer and serving as a part of the cathode. Because the aluminum liquid in the electrolytic cell is affected by the electromagnetic field in the workshop and moves, it is necessary to maintain a certain height of the aluminum liquid to reduce the fluctuation of the interface. At present, the level of aluminum l...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

However, the current efficiency of the existing electrolyzers is mostly between 90% and 96%, and the space for improving the current efficiency is limited.

At present, the pole distance of the aluminum electrolytic cell is generally about 4.5-5cm, and the voltage drop caused by the pole distance is about 40% of the total energy consumption. The reduction of the pole distance provides a lot of space for energy saving and consumption reduction. Due to the limitation of the structure and the reduction of the pole distance, due to the influence of the fluctuation of the aluminum liquid electrolyte interface caused by the magnetic field, the electrolytic cell will become unstable, lose current efficiency, and it is difficult to achieve the purpose of energy saving

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