Heating system for starting fuel cell at low temperature with air backflow and heating method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a heating system for starting a fuel cell at a low temperature with air backflow and a heating method thereof. The system comprises an air filter, an intakeport flowmeter, an intakeport tee, an air pump, a humidifier, an inlet flowmeter, a fuel cell stack, an outlet tee, an air flow controller, a temperature sensor and a controller. When the heating system provided in the invention works, heat-containing air compressed by the air pump heats an air reaction interface and other battery assemblies of the fuel cell stack, and then a part of or all the air tail gas of the fuel cell stack flows back and passes through the air pump through controlling of the flow controller so as to cyclically heat the air reaction interface and the other battery assemblies of the fuel cell stack. According to the invention, air tail gas containing waste heat of the air pump is cyclically used to heat the air reaction interface of the fuel cell stack, so melting of ice crystals on electrodes is accelerated, mass transfer of fuels and proton transfer are smoothly carried out, starting of fuel cells with a temperature lower than 0 DEG C is accelerated, and energy consumption of a storage battery used as an auxiliary power supply can be saved.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the field of proton exchange membrane fuel cells, and in particular relates to an air reflux heating system and a method thereof for low-temperature startup of fuel cells. technical background [0002] The fuel cell start-up when the ambient temperature is below zero is a difficult problem for the entire fuel cell industry, because the proton exchange membrane fuel cell is a reaction involving water. When the ambient temperature is lower than 0°C, the inside of the fuel cell will freeze and cannot generate electricity normally. . If the proton exchange membrane fuel cell wants to generate electricity, it needs to be humidified. Under the action of water, protons can pass through the membrane electrodes to generate current. This creates a problem. When the temperature is lower than 0°C, the water inside the fuel cell will crystallize into ice. Even after purging and other treatments, there will still be a small amount of ice cr...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

When the temperature is below zero, the fuel cell is restricted by the temperature, the mass transfer of fuel and the transfer of protons are affected, and it cannot generate electricity at a large scale. In this way, the power of the battery will be consumed for a long time during the start-up process until the fuel cell is normal. until work

The power of the battery is limited, and the performance drops when the temperature is below zero. After a long period of discharge, the performance of the battery may not meet the requirements, and the battery is also easily damaged.

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