Non-contact high-precision calibration method and application of base reference coordinate system of robot

Abstract

The invention discloses a non-contact high-precision calibration method and application of the base reference coordinate system of a robot. The non-contact high-precision calibration method comprises the following steps: step 1: installing calibration index tool; step2. calibrating and getting points; step 3. obtaining calibration matrix of the base reference coordinate system of the robot through a coordinate transformation algorithm. By means of the advantages of high precision and non-contact measurement of a laser measuring instrument provided by the invention, through a position encoder and the calibration index tool of internal joint of the robot, the coordinate transformation algorithm is applied, and the non-contact high-precision calibration of the base reference coordinate system of the robot is realized. The non-contact high-precision calibration method of the base reference coordinate system of the robot, the non-contact high-precision calibration method of the workpiece coordinate system of the single robot and the non-contact high-precision calibration method of the tool coordinate system of the single robot are cooperated and applied, hence the non-contact high-precision calibration of the integral robot system is realized. The invention also discloses a non-contact high-precision calibration method of poses between a plurality of robots.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to a calibration method of an industrial robot, in particular to a non-contact high-precision calibration method of a robot base coordinate system. The invention also relates to a non-contact high-precision calibration method for poses among multiple robots. Background technique [0002] The flexible processing and production unit based on industrial robots has become the main development direction of the manufacturing industry. Among them, the accurate control of the robot pose, the parametric programming of the robot, the high-precision coordination work of the robot group, the transformation of the robot pose, and the control of the robot system The needs of relocation, robot multi-station program sharing, robot trajectory planning, etc. are gradually becoming the focus of attention. All of the above aspects require the establishment of accurate models of the actual robot and its working environment, as well as other equipment...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

like figure 1 Shown is the robot’s TCP (Tool Coordinate Point, tool coordinate system) calibration method. The operation of this calibration method is relatively cumbersome, and it also has certain requirements for the space point. When the robot needs to keep the position of the space point unchanged, different The attitude is completed by several points; moreover, the calibration accuracy varies from operator to operator, and there are certain uncontrollable factors, which makes the value obtained after calibration have a large error, usually at the millimeter level, and takes a lot of time

The disadvantages of this calibration method cannot meet the requirements of modern production for higher precision of robots, higher efficiency of calibration operations, and higher calibration accuracy

[0005] Chinese patent 201010545419.7 discloses a robot tool coordinate system automatic calibration device and method based on laser tracking measurement, but it only calibrates the robot tool coordinate system, not the entire robot system, which causes even if the accuracy of the tool coordinate system reaches To a certain extent, but because the accuracy of other coordinate systems cannot match, it will also affect the accurate control of the robot's pose, the parametric programming of the robot, the high-precision coordination of the robot group, the transformation of the robot's pose, and the relocation of the robot system. Applications in robot multi-station program sharing, robot trajectory planning, etc.

In addition, the number of points taken during calibration is relatively large, and the operation is relatively cumbersome.

Most importantly, the calibration of the tool coordinate system is carried out for the tools designed by the author himself. In actual use, the tools at the front end of the robot are various according to different applications, so their practicability is not very high.

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