A Fishway Entrance and Design Method Adapting to Water Level Changes

Abstract

The invention relates to a fishway inlet adaptable to water level change and a designing method thereof. A vertical slot type fishway provided with at least one 180-degree turning section is provided and comprises a straight section formed by connection of multiple pools, and the bottom of each pool is oblique. The fishway inlet comprises a vertical slot type inlet, wherein the vertical slot type inlet and the at least one 180-degree turning section are arranged side by side, the height of the turning side wall of each 180-degree turning section parallel to the vertical slot type inlet is equal to the operating depth of the section, a water retaining side wall of arranged on each turning side wall, and a fish inlet notch is formed in each water retaining side wall. The vertical slot type fishway is arranged in a foldback mode by arranging the 180-degree turning sections, and the 180-degree turning sections and an inlet of the fishway are located on the same side. Meanwhile, by means of reasonable setting of the bottom elevation of the 180-degree turning sections and the heights of the side walls, when the downstream water level of a water retaining building changes, water in the fishway can automatically flow out through the corresponding fishway inlet notch or overflow through the notches of the 180-degree turning sections, and high water level change adaptability is realized.

Description

Technical field [0001] The invention relates to a fishway entrance and design method adapted to changes in water level, a hydraulic facility and design method, an environmental protection facility and design method, and a hydraulic facility and design method for protecting fish ecology. Background technique [0002] Vertical slotted fishway inlets are usually arranged on the downstream bank of water-blocking structures. The change in discharge flow makes the downstream water level non-constant, and the large water level changes make it difficult to arrange vertical slotted fishway into a single inlet. The downstream water level of water-blocking structures in my country usually varies greatly (for example, the downstream water level of a hydropower station in the Tibet Autonomous Region is 7m), but due to the limitation of the ability of the vertical slot fishway to adapt to the water level variation, it needs to be switched through multiple imports To adapt to the large changes i...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

However, frequent changes in the water level lead to an inconstant amount of supplementary water, and multiple valves need to be opened and closed to adapt to changes in the supplementary water volume. The opening and closing conditions of many gates are strictly controlled by the automatic control system based on the information of the water level rise and fall, which increases the construction investment in the early stage The cost, post-operation cost and equipment operation and maintenance costs have increased the difficulty of fishway operation and management to a certain extent; the water flow velocity in the diversion pipeline is usually higher than the flow rate in the main body of the fishway, and it changes adaptively with the opening and closing of different valves, so The energy dissipation body is required to attenuate the flow velocity of different high water flows in the water diversion pipeline to the constant flow velocity in the main body of the fishway, which increases the requirements for the adaptability of the energy dissipation body of the pipeline and increases the difficulty of the design and research of the energy dissipation body; when the water level is high, it is required A large amount of water should be added to the fishway to increase the flow rate of the vertical seam jet. Excessive water replenishment will cause waste of water resources and loss of water storage energy. For example, the maximum water replenishment of the fishway of the Santo Antnio Hydropower Station is 52m3 / s, and the excess flow of the fishway itself 10m 3 / s, it can be seen that the maximum water supply of the Presidimum Island suction flow system is equivalent to 5.2 times of the fishway's own flow rate

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