Silicon-germanium solid solution and preparation method and application thereof

A silicon-germanium solid solution and solution technology, applied in the field of electrochemical materials, can solve the problems of complex process and difficult mass production of silicon-germanium solid solution materials, etc., so as to alleviate the volume change, control the electrolysis process, and improve the cycle performance and rate performance. Effect

Active Publication Date: 2016-08-10
WUHAN UNIV
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  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

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Problems solved by technology

Due to the complex process of these methods, it is difficult to carry out large-scale

Method used

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  • Silicon-germanium solid solution and preparation method and application thereof
  • Silicon-germanium solid solution and preparation method and application thereof
  • Silicon-germanium solid solution and preparation method and application thereof

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preparation example Construction

[0025] The invention provides a method for preparing a silicon germanium solid solution, including scheme one or scheme two;

[0026] The first scheme is specifically: using a composite material including a silicon precursor and a germanium precursor as a cathode, using an inert electrode as an anode, and using a CaCl 2 The melt is the electrolyte, and the silicon germanium solid solution powder is obtained by electrolysis;

[0027] The second scheme is specifically: using the conductive substrate as the cathode and the inert electrode as the anode to contain silicon precursors, germanium precursors and CaCl 2 The melt of the silicon germanium is an electrolyte solution, and a thin film or an array electrode of a silicon germanium solid solution on a conductive substrate is obtained by electrolysis.

[0028] In the present invention, the composite material including silicon precursor and germanium precursor is used as the cathode. In the present invention, the preparation me...

Embodiment 1

[0067] Weigh 500g anhydrous CaCl 2 Mixed salt with NaCl (CaCl 2and NaCl molar ratio of 1:1) in an alumina crucible, put the crucible into a well-sealed stainless steel container in a high-temperature furnace; heat the chloride salt at 250°C for 48h to remove residual moisture, and then continue Into the stainless steel container into the argon, and raise the temperature to 800 ℃. The reference electrode is a high-temperature fully-sealed reference electrode disclosed in the patent CN 200420017446.7, with a nickel sheet as the cathode and graphite as the anode, including CaCl 2 And the melt of NaCl is used as the electrolyte, and the pre-electrolysis is carried out at 2.6V for 8 hours to completely melt the chloride salt and improve the purity of the chloride salt. Weigh 0.5g SiO2 2 and GeO 2 Mixture (SiO 2 and GeO 2 The molar ratio is 1:1), pressed into small discs at 6MPa, and then sintered at 700°C for 2h. The sintered small disc was bound to a molybdenum wire as the ...

Embodiment 2

[0072] With deionized water as a solvent, the silicon germanium solid solution prepared in Example 1 was mixed with carboxymethyl cellulose, polyacrylic acid and acetylene black in a mass ratio of 80:5:5:10, and evenly coated on the copper foil, 120 After vacuum drying at ℃ for 10 h, electrode sheets were made. In an argon glove box, the electrode sheet is used as the working electrode, the lithium sheet is used as the counter electrode, the electrolyte is 1M LiPF6 / DEC / EC (the mass ratio of DEC and EC is 1:1), and the separator is polypropylene microporous membrane Celgard 2400 , made of CR2016 lithium-ion batteries. Use Neware battery tester to conduct charge and discharge test on the assembled battery, the voltage range is 0.01-1.5V, and the current density is 200mA·g in turn. -1 , 500mA·g -1 , 1000mA·g -1 10 cycles were carried out under each, and the specific capacity was 634mAh·g after 30 cycles -1 .

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Abstract

The invention provides a silicon-germanium solid solution and a preparation method and application thereof. According to the silicon-germanium solid solution and the preparation method and application thereof, a composite material containing a silicon precursor and a germanium precursor serves as a cathode, an inert electrode serves as an anode, and a melt containing CaCl2 serves as an electrolyte, so that silicon-germanium solid solution powder is obtained through electrolysis; or, a conductive substrate serves as a cathode, an inert electrode serves as an anode, and a melt containing a silicon precursor, a germanium precursor and CaCl2 serves as an electrolyte, so that a thin film or an array electrode material of the silicon-germanium solid solution on the conductive substrate is obtained through electrolysis. According to the single-step controllable template-free preparation method provided by the invention, the Kirkendall effect is utilized, in the electrolytic process, the diffusion rate of germanium is larger than that of silicon, and a vacancy is formed on one side of the germanium, so that a silicon-germanium solid solution nano hollow structure is obtained; volume change in the charging and discharging processes is effectively relieved, and the cycle performance and rate performance of a battery are significantly improved; and a template is not needed, operation is convenient, and the silicon-germanium solid solution is suitable for large-scale industrial production.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the technical field of electrochemical materials, in particular to a silicon-germanium solid solution and a preparation method and application thereof. Background technique [0002] With the development of modern society, human's demand for energy is increasing day by day. The currently widely used fossil energy is non-renewable energy and is becoming increasingly exhausted. Therefore, the development and utilization of clean energy has become an urgent task. Lithium-ion batteries and sodium-ion batteries have the advantages of high energy density, high rated voltage, long service life, light weight, wide temperature range, and environmental protection. They occupy an extremely important position in the application of commercial electronic consumables and electric vehicles. However, the traditional carbon anode materials used in lithium-ion and sodium-ion batteries have low theoretical specific capacities, and it is increasing...

Claims

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Application Information

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IPC IPC(8): C25C5/04C25D3/66H01M4/38H01M10/0525
CPCC25C5/04C25D3/66H01M4/386H01M10/0525Y02E60/10
Inventor 肖巍王海龙史忠旗何苗郑磊夏斌
Owner WUHAN UNIV
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