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Materials and devices

A technology of nano-particles and phase-change fluids, applied in the field of composite materials, can solve problems such as not describing materials

Inactive Publication Date: 2018-04-17
CAMBRIDGE ENTERPRISE LTD
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Problems solved by technology

[0006] However, although some of these literatures describe interesting behaviors, they do not describe materials well suited for practical applications

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Embodiment Construction

[0053] DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT

[0054] Broadly speaking, we describe techniques that, in embodiments, incorporate temperature-responsive polymers to charged Au nanoparticles, storing elastic energy that can be rapidly released under light control for reproducible nanoactuation. Utilizes plasmon absorption of incident laser light to heat above the critical temperature T c = 32°C, causing the coating to expel water and collapse to the nanoscale, allowing a controllable number of nanoparticles to be tightly bound in clusters. Surprisingly, by cooling below T c , their strong van der Waals attraction is overcome as the polymer expands, exerting 25 times greater nanoscale forces per unit mass than previously achieved. The technique is particularly useful in the design of a wide variety of colloidal nanomachines.

[0055] Therefore, we designed a high energy storage (> 1000k B T / cycle) and fast (GHz) release mechanism colloidal actuator system. Based o...

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Abstract

We describe a reversible cycle phase change fluid, comprising: a polar working fluid; nanoparticles of a material having a density greater than 3000kg / m<3>; and a controllable gel; wherein said gel has a predominantly hydrophilic first phase having a first hydrophilicity and a predominantly hydrophobic second phase with a second, lower hydrophilicity, and is switchable between said phases by application of a phase change driver; wherein said gel coats said nanoparticles to a first thickness when the gel is in said first phase and is swollen by said polar working fluid, and wherein said gel coats said nanoparticles to a second, reduced thickness when in said second phase; wherein said coated nanoparticles form clusters with a first median nanoparticle number, or comprise individual unclustered nanoparticles, when the gel is in said first phase, and wherein said coated nanoparticles form clusters with a second larger median nanoparticle number when the gel is in said second phase. In embodiments aggregation of the nanoparticles into clusters is self-limiting, in particular because of electrical charges on the nanoparticles, such that in the second phase the clusters remain soluble within the liquid.

Description

field of invention [0001] The present invention relates to composite materials comprising coated nanoparticles dispersed in a fluid, and to applications of such materials. [0002] The work leading to the present invention received funding from the European Research Council under the European Union's Seventh Framework Program (FP7 / 2007-2013) / ERC Grant Agreement No. 320503. Background of the invention [0003] So-called "smart" polymer materials, polymer materials that respond to stimuli such as pH, temperature, electric or magnetic fields, etc., have been extensively studied for use in sensors, actuators and other applications. One class of applications is where energy, such as heat, is converted into some form of local or bulk physical motion that can then be used for actuators or other purposes. However, typical actuation forces at the submicron scale are very low, often these forces can only be applied slowly, and are difficult to control. [0004] One example of a mate...

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Applications(China)
IPC IPC(8): B01J13/00B82Y15/00C09K9/02C09K3/00
CPCB01J13/0034B82Y15/00B01J13/0065C08F20/54C08F2500/02C08F2500/03
Inventor 杰里米·J·鲍姆贝格丁涛文茨拉夫·科列夫·瓦列夫
Owner CAMBRIDGE ENTERPRISE LTD