A quantum key distribution method and system with two-way identity authentication function

Abstract

The invention belongs to the field of network information technology, and discloses a quantum key distribution method and system with a two-way identity authentication function. Communication participants use binary strings representing user identities to prepare Bell states, and code them according to the same agreement. Exchange, complete the Bell-based measurement to realize the entanglement exchange of Bell-state particles, after performing bitwise XOR operation, either party of the communication parties performs Pauli gate operation, so that the particles in the hand are converted into the same Bell-state particles as the particles in the other party’s hands; According to the same encoding rules, both parties in communication can obtain a string of identical binary strings to complete the key distribution. The present invention improves the utilization rate of resources generated during the authentication process of both parties in communication; identity authentication and key distribution can be realized without the intervention of a third party according to the agreement announced by both parties in communication, and the required quantum state is the Bell state of two particles, which is relatively easy to prepare easy.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of network information, and in particular relates to a quantum key distribution method and system with a bidirectional identity authentication function. Background technique [0002] At present, the existing technologies commonly used in the industry are as follows: [0003] Since the first quantum key distribution (QKD) protocol was proposed, quantum cryptography has been greatly developed in recent years. Compared with classical cryptography, quantum cryptography combines classical cryptography and quantum mechanics, and uses quantum effects to realize unconditionally secure information exchange. In order to meet the needs of the society for various practical security, researchers have proposed a large number of quantum cryptography protocols, mainly including quantum key distribution protocol (QKD), quantum direct secure communication (QSDC), quantum secret sharing (QSS), and quantum digital signature. ...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

[0006] (1) In order to realize the update of the key, the previous identity authentication protocol has the problem of third party intervention, and defines a large number of parameters, the complexity of the authentication protocol is very high

[0007] (2) The quantum states used in many existing protocols are entangled states with more than three particles. However, the preparation of entangled states with more than three particles requires a lot of resources and is difficult to prepare. cost

[0008] (3) In many existing protocols, after the identity authentication protocol is completed, the string resources generated are not further utilized

[0016] Most of the existing identity authentication protocols do not further use the particles that have been distributed after the identity authentication is completed. After the identity authentication function is completed, the system uses the Pauli gate operation so that both communicating parties have the same key string

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