Method and system for separating significant waves and multiples in seismic data

Abstract

The invention discloses a method and system for separating effective waves and multiple waves in seismic data. The method includes a method based on L 1 Norm and L 2 The norm constructs a mixed objective function; based on the mixed objective function, the initial significant wave data and the initial multiple wave data in the seismic data are obtained; the weighting coefficient is determined according to the initial significant wave data and the initial multiple wave data; based on the The optimal matching operator is obtained by using the weighting coefficient and the mixed objective function, and the effective wave and the multiple wave in the seismic data are separated according to the optimal matching operator. This method can fully adapt to the diversity of multiple waves caused by complex and diverse geological conditions in actual seismic data, and can effectively improve the signal-to-noise ratio of pre-stack seismic data, providing high-quality pre-stack seismic data for subsequent seismic data processing. data.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the field of seismic data processing, in particular to a method and system for separating effective waves and multiple waves in seismic data. Background technique [0002] Suppression and utilization of multiple waves is one of the hot and difficult issues in exploration seismology. In oil and gas exploration, seismic multiples are common. The existence of multiple waves brings great difficulties to velocity analysis and migration imaging, and will lead to false imaging structures, which will seriously affect seismic interpretation. [0003] Aiming at the separation of seismic effective waves and multiple waves, geophysicists have developed a variety of adaptive separation methods, which are mainly summarized into the following two categories: one is based on L 2 Norm's method for adaptive separation of seismic multiples. This type of method is based on the minimum residual energy criterion, and obtains an adaptive matching ...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

With regard to seismic significant waves having a minimum L 2 Norm or L 1 Norm assumptions are often not valid, and the energy ratio between significant waves and multiples varies greatly with time and space. The separation method in the prior art often results in strong multiples remaining in the seismic data after suppressing multiples. secondary wave energy

When the seismic significant wave overlaps with the multiple wave event, the adaptive subtraction process that suppresses the multiple wave can even damage the seismic significant wave and affect the fidelity of seismic data processing

Aiming at the problem of multiple wave separation in the above-mentioned complex situations, there is currently no method that can better solve it

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