213 results about "Relative magnitude" patented technology

A video input processor is disclosed. The processor includes: an imaging signal-generating portion configured to image a subject and producing first imaging signals containing visible light components and a second imaging signal containing near-infrared light components; a gain adjustment portion configured to adjustably set a maximum gain value according to a relative magnitude between the visible light components and the near-infrared light components and adjust a gain for the first imaging signals at the set maximum gain value; and a noise reduction portion configured to reduce noises in the first imaging signals after the gain has been adjusted.

A method for determining a degree of acoustic non-linearity of an earth formation from seismic signals transmitted into the formation from within one wellbore and received from the formation in another wellbore. The seismic signals include two selected discrete frequencies. The method includes spectrally analyzing the received signals, determining from the spectral analysis the presence of a frequency representing a sum of the two selected frequencies, and determining a relative amplitude of the sum frequency with respect to the amplitudes of the two selected discrete frequencies. In a particular embodiment, the method includes determining the presence of a frequency in the spectrally analyzed signals representing the difference between the selected discrete frequencies, and determining the presence of harmonic multiples of one of the two selected discrete frequencies.

Metrology targets are formed by a lithographic process, each target comprising a bottom grating and a top grating. Overlay performance of the lithographic process can be measured by illuminating each target with radiation and observing asymmetry in diffracted radiation. Parameters of metrology recipe and target design are selected so as to maximize accuracy of measurement of overlay, rather than reproducibility. The method includes calculating at least one of a relative amplitude and a relative phase between (i) a first radiation component representing radiation diffracted by the top grating and (ii) a second radiation component representing radiation diffracted by the bottom grating after traveling through the top grating and intervening layers. The top grating design may be modified to bring the relative amplitude close to unity. The wavelength of illuminating radiation in the metrology recipe can be adjusted to bring the relative phase close to π/2 or 3π/2.

A method of estimating an orientation of one or more of a plurality of objects disposed on a plane, from one or more video images of a scene, which includes the objects on the plane produced from a view of the scene by a video camera. The method comprises receiving for each of the one or more objects, object tracking data, which provides a position of the object on the plane in the video images with respect to time, determining from the object tracking data a plurality of basis vectors associated with at least one of the objects, each basis vector corresponding to a factor, which can influence the orientation of the object and each basis vector being related to the movement or location of the one or more objects, and combining the basis vectors in accordance with a blending function to calculate an estimate of the orientation of the object on the plane, the blending function including blending coefficients which determine a relative magnitude of each basis vector used in the blending function.

Using the estimate of the orientation of each object, a three dimensional model can be generated which can, as far as possible, represent the scene of the objects on the plane. For example, the scene may be that of a sporting event such as a football match, the objects being football players. The method can generate an estimation of the orientation of each of the players on the plane of the football pitch. The estimation of the orientation can be combined with the object tracking data for each player to generate a three dimensional representation, which models, as far as possible, the real football match as captured by the video camera.

Near field signal properties are used to determine a location by utilizing two magnetic antennas arranged so that the null axes are perpendicular and lie in a plane of interest, such as the horizontal plane. The two antennas may be used as transmitting antennas or receiving antennas. The antennas may be driven so as to produce an equivalent of an omnidirectional pattern in the plane of interest by driving the antennas in an orthogonal manner. The orthogonal drive may be time orthogonal or phase orthogonal. A location is determined based on near field response which may include propagation properties, which may include amplitude, phase, relative amplitude, or phase, or other properties. In one embodiment, multiple transmitters are utilized to determine the location of a single receiver. In another embodiment, multiple receivers are utilized to determine the location of a single transmitter. A space efficient magnetic antenna is disclosed.

Detector signals in a pulse oximeter are analyzed to determine a quality of the signals in relation to desired information content or artifact content. The analysis involves performing a transform on a signal to obtain frequency related information and analyzing the frequency related information to obtain a value independent of a shape and waveform of a spectrum of the time-based signal. In one implementation, the analysis involves the relative amplitude or power measures of corresponding peaks in the red and infrared spectra. For example, the ratio of the amplitude of the fundamental peak in the red spectrum and the amplitude of the fundamental peak in the infrared spectrum may be tracked over time. In another implementation, the analysis involves consideration of the relative phase of the fundamental and harmonic components of a signal. In either case, signals including desired physiological information can be distinguished from artifact affected signals. Based on this analysis, signals can be validated or an appropriate processing algorithm can be selected.

The invention relates to a method and apparatus for monitoring the cerebral state of a subject. At least one of a first and second parameters is derived from the physiological signal data obtained from the subject, wherein the first parameter is indicative of the sum of spectral values of the physiological signal data in a first frequency band lying above high frequency EEG activity and the second parameter is indicative of the relative magnitudes of a first sum of k-th order spectral values and a second sum of n-th order spectral values. The second sum is calculated over a frequency band lying above high frequency EEG activity (k>2 and n>1). A state index is then formed, which is dependent on the at least one parameter and indicative of the cerebral state of the subject. The first and second parameters may be used in the Bispectral Index (BIS™) algorithm.

A plurality of control points are defined having a known spatial relationship relative to an array of transducers. An amplitude is assigned to each control point. A matrix is produced containing elements which represent, for each of the control points, the effect that producing a modeled acoustic field having the assigned amplitude with a particular phase at the control point has on the consequential amplitude and phase of the modeled acoustic field at the other control points. Eigenvectors of the matrix are determined, each eigenvector representing a set of phases and relative amplitudes of the modeled acoustic field at the control points. One of the sets is selected and the transducer array is operated to cause one or more of the transducers to output an acoustic wave each having an initial amplitude and phase such that the phases and amplitudes of the resultant acoustic field at the control points correspond to the phases and relative amplitudes of the selected set.

A high speed, low cost, wide spectrum light scanning and sensor unit (10) for receiving reflected light from an object and diffracting the light into segments of wavelengths and a linear sensor array (32) having elements positioned to receive the segments and to measure the relative magnitude of such segments to define a spectral distribution of the object together with a digital identifier-controller (36) connected to said sensing device and having a memory for memorizing a spectral distribution of light representing a first standard object, and additional memory for receiving a spectral distributions of other objects and programmable logic circuitry containing a program for determining the similarity between the standard object and the other objects.

A memory optimized system and method for data interleaving/de-interleaving are disclosed. A data interleaver/de-interleaver may be implemented with a memory device and an improved data interleaver/de-interleaver. The improved data interleaver/de-interleaver may be implemented with a controller, a first array, and a second array. The first array identifies a maximum depth value for each of a plurality of memory segments responsive to both a block data length and the desired interleaving/de-interleaving depth. The second array comprises an index associated with each of the plurality of memory segments that may be used to derive write and read addresses. In its broadest terms, the method can be described as: identifying a block data length, N, and an interleaver/de-interleaver depth, D; initializing a set of pointers associated with each of N memory segments; initializing a set of pointer maximum values responsive to the relative magnitude of N and D, identifying a memory index responsive to a base address and the set of pointer maximum values; using a memory segment identifier, a word identifier, and a byte identifier along with the memory index and the pointers to write/read the bytes of code words.

A color tunable light source comprises: a first light emitting diode (LED) arrangement operable to emit light of a first color and a second LED arrangement operable to emit light of a second color, the combined light output comprising the output of the source. One or both LED arrangements comprises a phosphor provided remote to an associated LED operable to generate excitation energy of a selected wavelength range and to irradiate the phosphor such that it emits light of a different color wherein light emitted by the LED arrangement comprises the combined light from the LED and phosphor and control means operable to control the color by controlling the relative light outputs of the two LED arrangements. The color can be controlled by controlling the relative magnitude of the drive currents of the LEDs or by controlling a duty cycle of PWM drive current.

A controller for a power converter is provided. The controller includes a sense current integrating circuit, a reference current integrating circuit and a drive signal generation circuit. The sense current integrating circuit performs an integrating operation to a sense current representative of a conduction current flowing through a power switch of the power converter and thereby outputs a first integrating result. The reference current integrating circuit performs another integrating operation to a reference current and thereby outputs a second integrating result. The drive signal generation circuit determines a switching period of the power switch according to a status of an output voltage of the power converter cooperative with a relative magnitude relationship between the first integrating result and the second integrating circuit. Furthermore, a controlling method for such power converter also is provided.

A method and apparatus for coupling an xDSL transceiver with a subscriber line is disclosed. A hybrid circuit is disclosed which exhibits a different relative gain factor for transmitted signals and received signals. The difference in gain factors results in part from a combined balance circuit and transformer which exhibit a different coupling ratio between the primary and secondary coils on the receive path and the transmit path. The hybrid circuit may be used to isolate the receive signal from the transmit signal in the full duplex mode of operation. The gain from the transmit port to the receive port is minimum and most of the energy is transmitted to the subscriber line.In an embodiment of the invention a hybrid circuit for communicating a transmit signal and a receive signal across a subscriber line is disclosed. The hybrid circuit includes: a transformer and a balance circuit. The transformer includes a primary inductor and a secondary inductor and the secondary inductor for coupling to the subscriber line and the primary inductor including at least two inductive portions. The balance circuit includes a transmit interface to input the transmit signal and a receive interface to output the receive signal, and the balance circuit coupling both the transmit interface and the receive interface with the at least two inductive portions of the primary to change the relative magnitude of an induced emf between the primary and the secondary for the transmit signal and the receive signal. In an alternate embodiment of the invention a method for communicating a transmit signal and a receive signal across a subscriber line is disclosed.

A wheel loader is provided with: a vehicle body having a front frame and a rear frame which are connected at a connection section in a steerable manner; at least a pair of front wheels mounted to the axle of the front frame and at least a pair of rear wheels mounted to the axle of the rear frame, the pair of front wheels and the pair of rear wheels being located at positions sandwiching the connection section; a pair of electric motors for front wheels, adapted to drive the pair of front wheels; a pair of electric motors for rear wheels, adapted to drive the pair of rear wheels; a direction conversion control unit which, in order that the front frame and the rear frame are rotated in the opposite directions about the connection section during steering operation, bends the vehicle body by driving the pair of electric motors for front wheels and the pair of electric motors for rear wheels so that the relative magnitudes between the speed of the inner wheels and the speed of the outer wheels are opposite and so that the speeds have a difference corresponding to the steered angle; and a turning and traveling control unit which, when it is determined that the steering operation is completed, drives the pair of electric motors for front wheels and the pair of electric motors for rear wheels so that a speed difference of the electric motor for the front wheel on the outer side and a speed difference of the electric motor for the front wheel on the inner side have speed differences for the inner and outer wheels, the speed differences corresponding to the steered angle, and so that a speed difference of the electric motor for the rear wheel on the outer side and a speed difference of the electric motor for the rear wheel on the inner side have speed differences for the inner and outer wheels, the speed differences corresponding to the steered angle.

A method and apparatus for driving a display device, as well as a display device incorporating such method and apparatus, are presented. The method includes determining a first difference Δ₁, wherein Δ₁ is a difference between gray signals of two consecutive frames, comparing Δ₁ to a predetermined value to obtain a comparison result, and using the comparison result to determine a modified current gray signal. The modified current gray signal is applied to a current frame to improve image quality. In another aspect, the invention includes a method of driving a display device by determining the gray signal levels for a first frame, a second frame that follows the first frame, and a third frame. A modified current gray signal is determined based on the relative magnitudes of the three gray signal levels, and applied to the current frame.

The present invention provides a method and apparatus for arriving at true relative amplitude destretched seismic traces from stretched seismic traces. The method compensates for offset varying reflection interference effects due to normal moveout. Stretch factors β and also input spectra are determined for NMOR stretched seismic traces. Estimates are then made of stretched wavelet spectra from the input spectra. A destretched wavelet spectra is then obtained. Shaping correction factors are determined by taking the ratio of the destretched wavelet spectra to the stretched wavelet spectra and are applied to the input spectra of the stretched traces to arrive at a destretched trace spectra. True relative amplitude scaling factors are computed by taking the ratio of a true relative amplitude property of the destretched wavelet spectra to a corresponding true relative amplitude property of the stretched wavelet spectra. Finally, the true relative amplitude scaling factors are applied to the destretched trace spectra to arrive at true relative amplitude destretched seismic traces.

This device allows the variation of the coupling between two points in an RF circuit in a very simple way while maintaining the RF phase relationship and varying the relative magnitude of the RF fields. The device is characterized by a simple mechanical control of coupling value, that has negligible effect on the phase shift across the device. This is achieved by the simple rotation of the polarisation of a TE111 mode inside a cylindrical cavity. Such a device does not contain resistive elements, and the sliding mechanical surfaces are free from high RF currents. This device finds an application in standing wave linear accelerators, where it is desirable to vary the relative RF field in one set of cavities with respect to another, in order that the accelerator can operate successfully over a wide range of energies.

A method for controlling batteries, a power control apparatus, and a portable device using the same are provided. Based on a connection status of a main battery and an auxiliary battery and the relative magnitudes of voltage of the main battery and the auxiliary battery, supplying of electric power from the main battery or an integrated power source integrating the main battery voltage with the auxiliary battery voltage, recharging of the main battery and the auxiliary battery respectively or simultaneously, and the connection between the main battery and the auxiliary battery when the portable device is turned off are controlled so that electric power of the portable device using a plurality of batteries can be effectively supplied.

The present invention provides a sensor system and a corresponding sensing method employing the sensor system. The sensor system comprises a sensor (12) having an input (20) and an output (22), a feedback path (16) from the output to the input, and a filter (14; 92) in the feedback path. The filter comprises a narrow band filter, which is tuned or tunable to a respective one of signals that are wanted signals and signals that represent interference signals. The sensor and the filter are arranged so as to alter the relative amplitudes of the wanted signals and the interference signals in order to increase the relative amplitude of the wanted signals and reduce the relative amplitude of the interference signals.

Methods, systems, and computer code for (i) performance-monitoring a multi-tier application including a .NET tier and a database tier; and (ii) for visually presenting performance-data to a user are disclosed. In some embodiments, a multi-tiered performance data interface, for example, including a .NET tier performance data interface and a database tier performance data interface operatively coupled to the .NET tier performance data interface, is provided. In some embodiments, the .NET tier performance data interface is configured to present .NET stack data and the database performance data interface is configured to present internal database performance data, for example, wait times (e.g. relative magnitudes of different types of wait times). Techniques for matching .NET-tier requests to execute SQL statements with database-tier executions of SQL statements are also disclosed.

A digital pulse-width-modulation (PWM) generator comprising:

• • an n bit digital magnitude comparator having first and second n bit inputs and an output indicative of the relative values of the signals applied at the first and second inputs;
  • a first n bit digital up/down counter having a count direction input coupled to receive a sign bit of a digital unary input signal, an n bit parallel binary count output connected to the first n bit input of the magnitude comparator, and a clock input;
  • a second n bit counter having a clock input coupled to receive a constant rate clock signal and an n bit parallel binary count output connected to the second n bit input of the magnitude comparator;
  • an AND gate having a first input coupled to receive the constant rate clock signal in frequency divided form and a second input coupled to receive a magnitude portion of the digital unary input signal, and further having an output connected to the clock input of the first counter; and
  • wherein the comparator continually generates an output signal indicative of the relative magnitudes of the counts of the first and second counters, whereby said output signal is a PWM output signal with an average value representing a ramp voltage having a slope determined by magnitude portion of the digital unary input signal with a direction of a slope of the output signal being determined by the polarity of the sign bit.