A construction method of head car shrink model based on force and stiffness equivalent and head car shrink model

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for constructing a reduced model of a train head car based on equivalent force and stiffness and the reduced model of a head car. The method includes the following steps: S1: Obtaining the dynamic parameters of the reduced model of the head car compared with the full-scale train S2: Divide the full-scale train head car into deformable energy-absorbing area and non-deformable area according to the deformation and energy-absorbing characteristics; S3: Construct the deformable energy-absorbing area and non-deformable area of ​​the reduced mold of the head car based on the similarity factor, according to The deformation and energy absorption curve of the full-size train head car is transformed to obtain the deformation and energy absorption characteristic curve of the head car's shrinking mold, and then the deformation and energy absorption area of ​​the head car's shrinking mold is designed based on the deformation and energy absorption characteristic curve of the head car's shrinking mold and the size similarity factor The size of the buffer, the crushing tube, the main energy-absorbing device and the driver's cab; design the non-deformable area of ​​the shrinking mold of the head car according to the size similarity factor and the stiffness similarity factor. The reduced mold of the head car constructed by the invention can ensure that the impact force of the train is similar to the rigidity of the car body, accurately restore the collision process of the train, and have higher reliability.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of vehicles, and in particular relates to a method for constructing a shrinking mold of a head car based on equivalent force and stiffness and a shrinking mold of a head car. Background technique [0002] With the continuous improvement of train speed, the requirements for train operation safety are getting higher and higher. The research on train passive safety protection mainly includes three methods: numerical simulation, real vehicle test and shrinkage model test. Numerical simulation cannot solve the uncertainty caused by the change of input parameters, and cannot accurately describe various complex constraints in the actual structure of the train; the actual vehicle test costs huge, the cycle is long, and the realization is difficult; the equivalent reduction model of the train adopts a small-scale train model It is an efficient and economical research method to study the dynamic response of a full-sc...

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Problems solved by technology

However, it designed a train equivalent scaled model crash test device, and did not propose a specific train scaled model construction method; in addition, Gao Guangjun et al. proposed "a train scaled equivalent model construction method and system for crash tests" "Invention patent, based on the principle that the scale model is consistent with the actual train impact acceleration, the dynamic equation is converted without considering the damping to obtain the scale factor of the train mass and impact force, as well as the scale factor of the train speed and time Scale factor; according to the scale factor of train mass and impact force and the scale factor of speed and time, the scaling criterion is formulated; according to the scaling criterion, the parameters of the scaling model are determined to construct the scaling model, in which the scaled car body is selected as solid Made of iron blocks, the scaled energy-absorbing structure is made of honeycomb aluminum or foamed aluminum

However, because this scheme simplifies the train into a single mass point, without considering the actual structure of the train, the scaled car body is replaced by high-strength, non-deformable materials, such as solid iron blocks, which leads to changes in the center of gravity of the train. The internal structure of the train is quite different, and the rigidity of the car body cannot be guaranteed to be similar. It has a great impact on the dynamic response of the train collision, so it is difficult to accurately simulate the dynamic response of the train collision, and it is impossible to truly restore the train collision process.

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