Method for increasing EMS induced mutation rate of wheat

A wheat and seed technology, applied in the fields of botanical equipment and methods, seed immunization, seed and rhizome treatment, etc., can solve the problems of reducing seed germination rate, cumbersome operation process, low work efficiency, etc. The effect of high selection efficiency and shortening of breeding years

Pending Publication Date: 2019-05-10
WHEAT RES INST OF AGRI SCI
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  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

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Problems solved by technology

The reason may be that seed germination is a dynamic process of physiological and morphological changes, which needs to go through four stages: imbibition, hydration and enzyme activation, cell division and enlargement, and embryo breaking through the seed coat. Each stage is sensitive to EMS. There are large differences in the degrees, especially the young tissue and germ cell development stage are most sensitive to EMS induction. The time of seed treatment in the existing reports is mostly concentrated in 6-12h. On the one hand, the radicle has not yet broken through the seed coat at this time. The effectiveness of EMS mutagenesis is weak; on the other hand, high-concentration EMS can inhibit some enzyme activities in the process of seed germination, affect seed germination, and reduce the germination rate of seeds.
In addition, some scholars use EMS solution to mutagenize wheat zygote, young ear, callus and other parts. Although the reported mutation rate is higher than that of conventional seed mutagenesis, the operation process is too cumbersome and the work efficiency is not high.

Method used

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  • Method for increasing EMS induced mutation rate of wheat
  • Method for increasing EMS induced mutation rate of wheat
  • Method for increasing EMS induced mutation rate of wheat

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Effect test

Embodiment 1

[0034] The concentration of embodiment one verification EMS-phosphate buffer solution and the impact of treatment time on wheat seed germination rate:

[0035] The embodiment of the present invention discloses a kind of method that improves wheat EMS mutagenesis rate, and whole mutagenesis process is carried out in fume hood, is characterized in that, comprises the following steps:

[0036] 1) Seed pretreatment: (1) Select pure-line varieties: before seed harvesting, carry out impurity removal treatment to the seed field, select pure-line varieties with stable genetic properties to harvest separately, and thresh separately to obtain pure-line seeds;

[0037] (2) Cleaning and disinfection of seeds: the pure line seeds are passed through an 8-mesh sieve to remove broken grains, grains, and black germ grains, select plump grains, and use 0.1% HgCl 2 Disinfect the surface of the seeds for 15 seconds, and then rinse the seeds twice with ultrapure water.

[0038] 2) Soaking and cle...

Embodiment 2

[0048] Experimental materials: The selected variety is Jinmai 47, which is bred by hybridization system with 12057 as the female parent and Han 522 / K37-20 as the male parent. In April 1995, it passed the approval of Shanxi Province, and in February 1998, it passed the national approval. Jinmai 47 is suitable for planting in the southern suburbs of Shanxi and the Huanghuai wheat area, and is suitable for planting in dry land and supplementary irrigation areas in southern Shanxi and Weibei, Shaanxi. prize.

[0049] Seed pre-treatment: Pass the Jinmai 47 pure line seeds through an 8-mesh sieve to remove broken grains and grains, count 10,000 seeds with a grain counting instrument, and dissolve them with 0.1% HgCl 2 After treatment for 15 s, the seeds were rinsed 3 times with sterilized ultrapure water. Soak the cleaned seeds with sterilized ultrapure water at 20°C for 8 hours, take them out every 2 hours and wash them with sterilized ultrapure water once. Spread the soaked see...

Embodiment 3

[0062] Test material: Jimai 22 is a new super-high-yielding, multi-resistant, high-quality medium-gluten wheat variety newly bred by the Crop Research Institute of Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences. It passed the examination and approval of Shandong Province and the State in September 2006 and January 2007 respectively. From 2004 to 2006, it participated in the regional test of Shandong Province and ranked first in both years, with an average yield of 536.81 kg per mu, a very significant increase of 10.79% compared with the control, and an average yield of 519.1 kg per mu in the production test, an increase of 4.05% compared with the control; Participated in the national Huanghuaibei area test, with an average yield of 518.08 kg per mu, a significant increase of 4.67% compared with the control. In June 2006, the joint expert group of the Department of Agriculture and the Department of Science and Technology of Shandong Province inspected and accepted it in Yanzhou. The ...

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Abstract

The invention discloses a method for increasing the EMS induced mutation rate of wheat. The method comprises the following steps: seed pretreatment, soaking, cleaning, germination treatment, induced mutation treatment, termination, plantation and screening. Based on the characteristic that tender tissues and growth sites are most sensitive to EMS, whitened seeds are subjected to induced mutation treatment by virtue of an EMS solution, so that the mutation rate of the seeds is effectively increased, and the working efficiency of the seeds is effectively improved.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the technical field of wheat mutagenesis, and more specifically relates to a method for improving the mutagenesis rate of wheat EMS. Background technique [0002] Wheat is an important food crop, and one of the most effective ways to increase wheat yield is to breed new fine varieties. In the process of breeding new varieties, excellent germplasm resources with high yield, stable yield and good comprehensive resistance can greatly shorten the breeding time and improve the breeding efficiency. [0003] EMS (Ethyl Methane Sulfonate, Ethyl Methane Sulfonate) mutagenesis has become the most widely used chemical mutagen in the innovation of crop germplasm resources because of its simple equipment, low cost and good mutagenic effect. At present, there have been a large number of literatures trying to use different concentrations of EMS to mutagenize wheat seeds for different times, but the total mutation rate of all traits investiga...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Applications(China)
IPC IPC(8): A01H1/06A01H1/04A01C1/00A01C1/08
Inventor 杨斌倪中福郑军张娟郑兴卫张明义王音
Owner WHEAT RES INST OF AGRI SCI
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