A method for improving the power generation efficiency of a hydro turbine and suppressing cavitation of parts and components of the hydro turbine

Abstract

A method for improving the power generation efficiency of a water turbine and suppressing cavitation of water turbine spare parts. A gas introduction device is installed to generate high-speed water flow by using the potential energy of the head of the reservoir. The high-speed water flow forms a negative pressure at the release port of the gas introduction device to suck in external air and water. Mix and pressurize at the same time to produce a water flow containing a large number of "pressurized air bubbles"; using this water flow containing a large number of "pressurized air bubbles", when the pressure drops near the water outlet of the turbine, the "pressurized air bubbles" are decompressed and the volume expands greatly, which can Assist the high-speed water flow to do work on the impeller to improve the power generation efficiency of the turbine; the impact of the high-speed water flow on the guide plate of the turbine impeller produces a high-pressure area and a low-pressure area; Under steam pressure, water vaporizes to produce cavitation, which will cause erosion of the parts of the turbine, thus affecting the efficiency and service life of the turbine. The pressurized bubbles in the water flow can increase the pressure of the low-pressure area and prevent cavitation.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to a method for improving the power generation efficiency of a water turbine and suppressing cavitation erosion of related components such as parts and accessories of the water turbine. Background technique [0002] Such as figure 1 As shown, the water turbine (Turbine) 300 is through the dam 100 of the hydroelectric power station, the water flow is concentrated, the water is allowed to pass through the water inlet 201 of the water diversion pipe 200, and from top to bottom from the water outlet 202 to the water turbine 300, the impact water turbine 300 rotates, and The generator 400 connected to it is driven by the water turbine 300 to generate electric energy. [0003] Secondly, water turbines can be roughly divided into "impact" turbines and "reverse impact" turbines according to their working principles. Among them, the "impact" water turbine uses high-speed water to impact the rotating blade or water bucket 302a to do work,...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

[0005] However, there is a special physical phenomenon in the operation of the turbine, that is, the impact of high-speed water on the guide plate, impeller and other related parts and accessories of the turbine produces high-pressure areas and low-pressure areas. In the high-pressure area, the potential energy and kinetic energy of the water are converted into electrical energy. In the low-pressure area, when part of it is lower than the vapor pressure of water, the water vaporizes to generate cavitation, which leads to erosion of the components of the turbine, thus affecting the efficiency and service life of the turbine

However, in order to prevent the cavitation of the relevant parts and accessories of the water turbine, only cavitation-resistant special metal materials can be used, but the price is high and difficult to process, such as ASTM A487 stainless steel and other special stainless steel materials

[0006] However, in order to improve the above problems, overly complicated designs or designs that change the structure of the turbine cannot be easily completed and cost a lot of money.

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