[0039] Example 1
[0040] Reference Figure 1 to Figure 11 As shown, a heavy truck fuel tank oil sloshing characteristic test device includes a bench test platform, the bench test platform includes a test piece connection unit and a power unit, the power unit includes a chassis 1 and a driver 2, so The base frame 1 is fixedly arranged on the ground, the driver 2 is mounted on the base frame 1, the driver 2 includes a worm gear reducer and a bearing seat for mounting the main shaft, and the output end of the driver 2 is provided with a reciprocating transmission mechanism. The test piece connection unit includes a sliding support 3, a fixed support 4, and a fuel tank connector. The sliding support 3 is slidably arranged on the base frame 1, the sliding support 3 is movably connected to the reciprocating transmission mechanism, and the sliding support 3 drives reciprocatingly on the driver 2. Under the action of the transmission mechanism, the left and right reciprocating movement is realized. The intermediate positions on the front and rear sides of the sliding support 3 are fixedly connected with hinge supports 5, and the intermediate positions on the front and rear sides of the fixed support 4 are fixed and connected with hinge supports. Two 6, the two hinge supports two 6 and the corresponding hinge supports one 5 are jointly connected with a connecting pin, the fixed bracket 4 and the sliding bracket 3 are connected with an elastic buffer structure, and the fuel tank connector is fixed Installed on the fixed bracket 4. When the sliding support 3 moves to the leftmost or rightmost side, the rightward or leftward steering will occur immediately, and the fixed support 4 will deflect to the right or left under the action of inertia, and then it will be in the elastic buffer structure. Under the action, the reset is realized to realize the left and right shaking of the fuel tank connected to the fuel tank, and the suspension structure of the fuel tank is simulated, making the experiment more real and effective.
[0041] In a further preferred solution, the elastic buffer structure includes a cylindrical stopper 7, a compression spring 8 and a buffer rubber 9. The four corners of the upper surface of the sliding support 3 are fixedly connected with a cylindrical stopper 7. A compression spring 8 is sleeved on the outside of the block 7, and a cushion rubber 9 arranged opposite to the compression spring 8 is provided on the lower surface of the fixing bracket 4. The compression spring 8 transforms the energy in the shaking process and simulates the suspension structure more realistically. At the same time, the arrangement of the buffer rubber 9 makes the internal structure of the device less abrasion, and it is also easy to disassemble and install. The cushion rubber 9 can make the initial state and the final state of the fixing bracket 9 horizontal.
[0042] In a further preferred solution, the reciprocating transmission mechanism includes a crank 10, a connecting rod 11, and a hinge support three 12, the crank 10 is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the driver 2, and one end of the connecting rod 11 is rotatably connected to the crank 10 , The other end is rotatably connected with the hinge support three 12, and the hinge support three 12 is fixedly installed on the sliding support 3. The design of the crank-rocker mechanism makes the reciprocating movement of the variable speed, and the rotation center of the hinge support three 12 and the crank 10 are located in the same vertical plane, there is no quick return characteristic, and the extreme position angle is zero.
[0043] In a further preferred solution, two guide rails 13 are provided on the front and rear of the base frame 1, and dovetail grooves are provided on both sides of the two guide rails, and guide wheels 14 are provided on the lower surface of the sliding support 3 And the guide slider 15, the guide wheel 14 is rolled on the guide rail 13, and the guide slider 15 is provided with a limit groove adapted to the guide rail 13. The guide wheel 14 and the guide rail 13 are used to roll after contacting, and the guide slider 15 and the guide rail 13 realize a left-right sliding fit without any movement back and forth, reducing the friction between the two, while also meeting the positioning requirements of left-right sliding.
[0044] In a further preferred solution, the fuel tank connector includes a support plate 16, a fuel tank bracket 17, a strap 18, an upper penetration pin 20 and a lower penetration pin 21, and the support plate 16 is vertically fixedly connected to the fixing bracket 4, so The fuel tank bracket 17, the strap 18, the upper piercing pin 20, and the lower piercing pin 21 are provided with two sets. The two sets of the fuel tank bracket 17 are fixedly connected to the support plate 16, and the two sets of the fuel tank bracket 17 The connection positions of the two sets of bands 18 are fixedly connected to the top of the corresponding fuel tank bracket 17 through the corresponding upper piercing pin 20, and the other end is through the corresponding lower piercing pin. 21 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the corresponding fuel tank bracket 17. The fuel tank bracket 17 is fixed on the third-class dividing line of the support plate 16 to avoid fatigue damage caused by the stress concentration of the fixing bracket 4.
[0045] In a further preferred solution, the two sets of straps 18 are respectively located on the outer side of the wave breaker 19 arranged in parallel inside the fuel tank and overlapped. The special position of the strap 18 is used to fix the inner wave breaker 19 to avoid damage to the wave breaker 19 during the test.
[0046] A further preferred solution also includes a test unit including a vibration sensor, a resistance strain gauge, an oil pressure sensor, a float level gauge, and a PLC processor, and the vibration sensor is arranged on the corresponding fuel tank bracket 17 and On the corresponding strap 18, the resistance strain gauge is arranged on the anti-wave plate 19 and the fuel tank end cover 22, the oil pressure sensor is arranged on the fuel tank end cover 22, and the float level gauge is arranged on the fuel tank end cover On the wall of the oil tank between 22 and the wave breaker 19, the PLC processor processes the signals collected by the vibration sensor, the resistance strain gauge, the oil pressure sensor and the float level gauge and outputs the result.
[0047] In a further preferred solution, the base frame 1, the fixed support 4 and the sliding support 3 are all made of channel steel welding, and the fixed support 4 is provided with four reinforcing beams fixedly arranged with the support plate 16, located on the left and right sides. The reinforcing beam forms a triangular structure.
[0048] According to the existing problems of heavy truck fuel tanks, the test system has four functions: analysis of the overall structural vibration of the fuel tank, analysis of the stress and strain characteristics of the wave plate and diaphragm, analysis of the distribution law of the oil sloshing pressure field, and oil flow Analysis of field fluctuation characteristics.
[0049] In order to complete the analysis of the vibration characteristics of the overall structure of the fuel tank, the present invention uses a vibration sensor to obtain the vibration signal of the fuel tank shaking excitation frequency and its natural frequency. Under different working conditions of the vehicle, the tires on the road will cause various forms and sizes of excitation to the fuel tank. When the external excitation vibration frequency is close to the natural frequency of the fuel tank, the fuel tank will violently shake. Not only does it produce loud noises, but in severe cases, the anti-wave board falls off and the box body is torn. In order to avoid or reduce the resonance of the fuel tank, it is necessary to analyze its vibration characteristics. Through finite element analysis, it is concluded that the maximum vibration signal generated by the fuel tank is basically located near the connection part of the wave breaker and the tank body. Therefore, it is necessary to detect the vibration signal of these parts.
[0050] In order to complete the analysis of the stress and strain characteristics of the wave breaker and the diaphragm and the analysis of the distribution law of the oil sloshing pressure field, the present invention uses the resistance strain gauge and the oil pressure sensor to obtain the stress signal and the strain signal received by the wave breaker and the diaphragm; through the stress signal , To monitor the distribution law of the pressure field under oil pressure, and collect the stress change data of the oil acting on the fuel tank structure; and the strain signal can monitor the mechanical properties of the structure, and finally complete the analysis of the stress and strain characteristics of the structure. In order to avoid cyclic stress and strain damage and local cumulative damage to the structure, there is an urgent need for a reasonable design of the structure of the fuel tank end cover and the wave breaker. According to the actual damage of the fuel tank, most of the fuel tank end cover and the wave breaker are broken, and the finite element analysis shows that the largest deformation of the fuel tank end cover and the wave breaker is in the middle part. Therefore, it is necessary to detect the impact of oil shaking on the fuel. The stress signal and strain signal of the middle part of the box end cover and the wave breaker.
[0051] In order to complete the analysis of the fluctuation characteristics of the oil flow field, the present invention uses the float level gauge to obtain the liquid level signal of the oil sloshing amplitude. When the liquid level in the fuel tank changes, the liquid level signal can track the free liquid surface and respond to different accelerations. And to study the oil sloshing characteristics under different filling ratios, quantify and identify the oil sloshing characteristics and the severity of sloshing under various working conditions, so as to guide the selection of fuel tanks under common working conditions and the structural design of sloshing and noise reduction. Since the positions with the greatest amplitude and frequency of the liquid level change are at the two ends of the fuel tank, it is also essential to detect the liquid level signals at the two ends of the fuel tank.
[0052] The resistance strain gauge adopts the BA series strain gauge, using F601 glue and pasting according to the requirements of the specification. At the same time, use epoxy resin to apply oil-proof coating to the corresponding strain gauge to ensure that the terminals, solder joints and strain gauges are completely immersed in the epoxy resin. The strain signal, vibration signal, pressure signal and liquid level signal are collected, analyzed and processed by PLC.
[0053] According to the requirements of the impact test of oil on the fuel tank during random and authentic road conditions, the actual vehicle test platform is mainly composed of a fixed unit and a detection unit.
[0054] The fixing unit includes a real vehicle 23, a buffer rubber 9, a fixing bracket 4, a screw, a support plate 16, a bolt, a nut, a fuel tank bracket 17, a strap 18, an upper threading pin 20, a lower threading pin 21, and a fuel tank. Use 4 screws to fix the fixing bracket 4 on the actual vehicle 23, and fix the fuel tank on the fixing bracket 4 through the fuel tank bracket 17, the strap 18, the upper threading pin 20, and the lower threading pin 21. The specific fixing method and position The bench test platform is the same; when the actual vehicle 23 is in motion, the fuel tank and the actual vehicle 23 can be relatively stationary, and the fuel tank completes the random and authentic road condition test.
[0055] The fuel tank oil sloshing characteristic test system of the heavy truck vehicle of the present invention not only includes a test device composed of a bench test platform and a real vehicle test platform, but also includes four functions to evaluate the oil sloshing characteristic. The bench test platform and the actual vehicle test platform can realize the fuel tank movement in different road conditions. The two are inseparable and refer to each other. The test system has four functions to evaluate the oil sloshing characteristics and complete the structure optimization of the fuel tank. Design and provide reliable basis for manufacturing.
