3-D composite anodes for lithium ion batteries with high capacity and fast charge capability
A technology for lithium-ion battery packs and anodes, which is applied in the manufacture of battery electrodes, battery pack components, and electrolyte storage batteries, etc. It can solve the problems of limiting the overall capacity and energy density of the battery pack, high initial capacity loss rate, and low initial Coulombic efficiency.
Pending Publication Date: 2022-03-11
RGT UNIV OF MICHIGAN
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Problems solved by technology
However, the initial Coulombic efficiency of hard carbon materials is generally low, which indicates a large irreversible initial capacity loss rate
This shortcoming greatly limits the overall capacity and energy density of the battery pack
Therefore, in order to simultaneously achieve fast charging and maintain energy density in Li-ion battery packs, new approaches are needed to address the limitations imposed on Li-ion conduction through thicker electrodes.
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[0054] The present invention discloses a 3-D anode or negative electrode for a lithium-ion battery pack, which can improve the rate performance of the battery pack (i.e., can be charged at a higher charge rate), while maintaining High reversible capacity. The anode includes at least one carbonaceous electrochemically active lithium host material selected from graphite, hard carbon, or a mixture of graphite and hard carbon. The anode may also contain other electrochemically active lithium host materials such as lithium titanate and lithium niobate to increase the lithium intercalation rate of the anode and support fast charging conditions. The anode also defines patterned channels with tunable geometry to reduce electrolyte concentration gradients during cycling, addressing low usable capacity and lithium plating issues that often affect thicker anode structures. The anode can be used in conjunction with the conventional cathode and electrolyte components of a lithium-ion batt...
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Abstract
An anode for a lithium ion battery includes a first major face, a second major face defining a thickness of the anode with the first major face, and at least one carbonaceous electrochemically active lithium host material distributed between the first major face and the second major face of the anode. The at least one carbonaceous electrochemically active lithium host material is selected from graphite, hard carbon or a mixture of graphite and hard carbon. In addition, the anode also defines a plurality of vertical channels extending at least partially through the thickness of the anode. A lithium ion battery comprising the disclosed anode and a method of charging a lithium ion battery comprising the disclosed anode are also disclosed.
Description
technical field [0001] The present disclosure relates generally to lithium-ion batteries, and more specifically, to 3-D composite anodes exhibiting high capacity and high rate performance. Background technique [0002] Battery packs with higher energy and power densities are critical for many applications, including electric vehicles, grid storage and portable electronics. Lithium-ion (Li-ion) battery packs have become the most popular choice for consumer electronics over the past few decades, primarily due to their high specific energy and energy density. Currently, graphite is the most popular anode material for lithium-ion batteries due to its relatively high capacity and excellent cycle life. However, the rate capability of graphite may limit its application in high-power systems. In addition, the performance of Li-ion battery pack anodes tends to be highly optimized under relatively slow charging operations, and even if they are not, there are still significant challe...
Claims
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IPC IPC(8): H01M4/133H01M4/1393H01M4/36H01M4/587H01M10/0525H01M50/46H01M10/058H01M4/02H01M4/04
CPCH01M4/364H01M4/587H01M50/46H01M4/133H01M10/0525H01M4/1393H01M10/058H01M2004/027H01M4/0435H01M2004/021Y02E60/10Y02P70/50
Inventor 陈冠宏尼尔·达斯古普塔杰弗里·萨卡莫图南宫敏吉
Owner RGT UNIV OF MICHIGAN