Spray Oil and Method of Use Therefor for Controlling Turfgrass Pests

a technology of spray oil and pests, which is applied in the field of spray oil, can solve the problems of difficult preparation of formulations with suitable shelf-life for storage, destroying emulsions, and unstable thermodynamics of emulsions, and achieves the effect of effective control of turfgrass pests

Inactive Publication Date: 2005-11-24
PETRO-CANADA
View PDF13 Cites 55 Cited by
  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Benefits of technology

[0011] The invention provides a paraffinic spray oil composition that is applied to turfgrass as an oil-in-water (O / W) emulsion and is effective in controlling turfgrass pests without added synthetic chemical pesticides.

Problems solved by technology

Emulsions are thermodynamically unstable due to excess free energy associated with the surface of the dispersed droplets such that the particles tend to flocculate (clumping together of dispersed droplets or particles) and subsequently coalesce (fusing together of agglomerates into a larger drop or droplets) to decrease the surface energy.
If these droplets fuse, the emulsion will “break”, i.e. the phases will separate, destroying the emulsion and making it difficult to prepare formulations that have a suitable shelf-life for storage.
The main limitation of spray oils is their potential to cause plant injury (phytotoxicity) in some situations, as with certain sensitive plants or plants under drought stress.
Turfgrass has been traditionally treated with synthetic chemical compounds to control pests, resulting is high maintenance costs and harmful effects to humans and the environment.
Although several non-petroleum spray oils have been disclosed as having use in treating turfgrass, such spray oils have not found widespread commercial use.
However, fish oils tend to be phytotoxic due to alcohol and acid products formed by ester hydrolysis and have an unpleasant smell.
2003 / 0194454 to Bessette discloses the use of rosemary oil and wintergreen oil, alone or in combination, in controlling turfgrass pests; however, such non-petroleum oils tend to become rancid upon prolonged exposure to sunlight.

Method used

the structure of the environmentally friendly knitted fabric provided by the present invention; figure 2 Flow chart of the yarn wrapping machine for environmentally friendly knitted fabrics and storage devices; image 3 Is the parameter map of the yarn covering machine
View more

Examples

Experimental program
Comparison scheme
Effect test

example 1

General Materials and Methods

Oils and emulsifiers

[0042] The following oils and emulsifiers shown in Tables 2 and 3 were used as indicated in the examples.

TABLE 2OilsNo.OilSourceTypeCarbonsAve.HT100Petro-Canada*>99% paraffin oilC16 to C40C27fractionHigh Flash JetPetro-Canada*>99% paraffin oilC12 to C21C16fractionLSRDPetro-Canada*>99% paraffin oilC12 to C21C16fraction

*Calgary, AB, Canada

[0043]

TABLE 3EmulsifiersEmulsifierSourceComponentsAL3149Uniqema*C10 to C16 alcohol ethoxylatesand glycerol oleateAL3313Uniqema*Polyoxyethyene lauryl ether,C10 to C16 alcohol ethoxylates,and glycerol oleate

*New Castle, DE, USA

Preparation of Concentrates

[0044] Concentrate formulas as described in the following examples were prepared by adding the emulsifier to the oil at the indicated amounts under mild agitation at room temperature or with mild heating at about 50° C.

Concentrate Formulations

[0045] The following concentrate formulations shown in Table 4 were used as indicated in the examples.

T...

example 2

Testing for Proper Adhesion of Oil on Turfgrass

[0047] To determine the impact of the oil to emulsifier ratio on proper adhesion of the oil on turfgrass, an oil-soluble blue dye, Agent 376, was added to O / W emulsions at 0.2% by weight during admixing. The O / W emulsions were prepared from concentrates having various ratios of HT100 to AL3149 (see Tables 2 and 3 for compositions of HT100 and A13149, respectively), and with an oil content of 10% by weight of the O / W emulsion. Individual blades of Vertical Palm Grass were hung vertically and 100 ml of the dyed—O / W emulsion was applied to a set of 5 blades. The relative staining of turfgrass was determined by visual observation, with a higher degree of staining being indicative of better adhesion. The results, as shown in Table 5, indicate that the ratio of oil to emulsifier needs to be adjusted to achieve optimal adhesion of the oil on the turfgrass.

TABLE 5Staining of turfgrassratio of oil:emulsifierStaining98.8:1.2Light99.4:0.6Dark99...

example 3

Control of Oriental Beetle Grubs

[0048] The effect of different O / W emulsion formulations when applied at different dosages to turfgrass were evaluated for their effectiveness in controlling oriental beetles in Perennial ryegrass. Oriental beetle grubs were collected in the fall and over-wintered. The following spring, turfgrass grown in small containers was inoculated with the grubs at a density of 5 grubs / pot prior to application of O / W emulsion to the turfgrass. P1, P2 and P3 concentrates (see Table 4) were prepared as O / W emulsions and applied to the turfgrass using a spray volume equivalent to 88 gal / acre (2 gal / 1000 sq ft) to provide the oil dosages shown in Table 6.

TABLE 6Dosage of emulsions% oil in O / Wemulsionkg oil / hectarelb oil / acregal oil / acreLow6.343395.5Medium12.3877710.8High49.134630943.2

[0049] After 14 days, the grubs were counted to determine their mortality compared to untreated turfgrass. The results as averaged from 7 trials, as shown in Table 7, demonstrate tha...

the structure of the environmentally friendly knitted fabric provided by the present invention; figure 2 Flow chart of the yarn wrapping machine for environmentally friendly knitted fabrics and storage devices; image 3 Is the parameter map of the yarn covering machine
Login to view more

PUM

PropertyMeasurementUnit
weight ratioaaaaaaaaaa
surface energyaaaaaaaaaa
concentrationaaaaaaaaaa
Login to view more

Abstract

A paraffinic spray oil and a method of using the spray oil for controlling turfgrass pests is disclosed. The spray oil comprises paraffinic oil and a quick break emulsifier, which is formulated as an oil-in-water (O/W) emulsion for use. The paraffinic oil and emulsifier are present in a weight ratio ranging from about 95:5 to about 99.95:0.05, and preferably from about 98.5:1.5 to about 99.9:0.1. When applied to turfgrass, the O/W emulsion quickly releases the oil phase upon application to the turfgrass to contact pests thereon. When provided at sufficient paraffinic oil dosages, generally at least about 0.5 gal oil/acre and preferably in the range of about 0.5 gal/acre to about 60 gal/acre, the spray oil is effective in controlling a variety of turfgrass pests, particularly insect and fungal pests, with little or no phytotoxic effects. Further, use of the spray oil as indicated for controlling turfgrass pests also enhances the growth of turfgrass.

Description

FIELD OF THE INVENTION [0001] The invention relates to spray oils, and in particular to paraffinic spray oils and their method of use for controlling turfgrass pests such as harmful insects and fungi. BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION [0002] In the field of agriculture and horticulture, it is well known to use spray oils in the control plant pests such as harmful insects, fungi, and microorganisms such as bacteria and viruses. The base for such spray oils are generally made of naturally occurring oils such as refined petroleum products, e.g., paraffinic oils, or oils extracted from plants, vegetables or animals. [0003] Spray oils are often formulated as an oil-in-water (O / W) emulsion which is periodically applied directly to plants. An emulsion is a dispersed system containing at least two normally immiscible phases, one being dispersed as droplets in the other. Emulsions are thermodynamically unstable due to excess free energy associated with the surface of the dispersed droplets such th...

Claims

the structure of the environmentally friendly knitted fabric provided by the present invention; figure 2 Flow chart of the yarn wrapping machine for environmentally friendly knitted fabrics and storage devices; image 3 Is the parameter map of the yarn covering machine
Login to view more

Application Information

Patent Timeline
no application Login to view more
Patent Type & Authority Applications(United States)
IPC IPC(8): A01N25/04A01N61/02A61K31/01
CPCA01N61/02A01N27/00A01N25/30A01N2300/00A01N25/04
Inventor FEFER, MICHAEL
Owner PETRO-CANADA
Who we serve
  • R&D Engineer
  • R&D Manager
  • IP Professional
Why Eureka
  • Industry Leading Data Capabilities
  • Powerful AI technology
  • Patent DNA Extraction
Social media
Try Eureka
PatSnap group products

Browse by: Latest US Patents, China's latest patents, Technical Efficacy Thesaurus, Application Domain, Technology Topic.

© 2024 PatSnap. All rights reserved.Legal|Privacy policy|Modern Slavery Act Transparency Statement|Sitemap