Compositions and methods for treating parasitic infections

a technology of compositions and methods, applied in the field of compositions of drugs, antiparasitic agents, instruments, etc., can solve the problems of parasitic infections of plants, humans, and other animals, affecting child development, educational achievement, and social and economic development, and achieving low receptor binding affinity for tyramine receptors. the effect of high receptor binding affinity for tyramine receptors

Inactive Publication Date: 2008-06-19
TYRATECH
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Benefits of technology

[0026]The presently-disclosed subject matter includes a method for selecting a composition for use in treating a parasitic infection. In some embodiments, the method includes: providing a cell expressing a tyramine receptor; contacting test compounds to the cell; measuring the receptor binding affinity of the compounds; measuring at least one parameter selected from, (i) intracellular cAMP level, and (ii) intracellular Ca2+ level; identifying a first compound for the composition that is capable of altering at least one of said parameters, and which has a high receptor binding affinity for the tyramine receptor; identifying a second compound for the composition that is capable of altering at least one of said parameters, and which has a low receptor binding affinity for the tyramine receptor; and selecting a composition including the first and second compounds. In some embodiments, the selected composition demonstrates an anti-parasitic effect that exceeds the anti-parasitic effect of any of the compounds when used alone.

Problems solved by technology

Parasitic infections of plants, humans, and other animals pose a worldwide problem.
Such parasitic infections present an abundance of medical and social problems.
For example, the infection in a host can undermine child development, educational achievement, reproductive health, and social and economic development.
Indeed, some parasitic infections can cause morbidity and mortality.
Notwithstanding the severe impact that parasitic infections can have, relatively few treatment options are available.
Available treatments for parasitic infections are limited, and treatments for some parasitic infections are non-existent.
For example, in many cases a single dose of niclosamide does not provide a curative effect, rather, a relapse ensues because the compound has difficulty accessing cysticercoids buried deeply within the mucosal villi.
Praziquantel can be administered in a single dose; however, treatment strategies making use of Praziquantel are at risk because of the possibility of the development of resistance to Praziquantel.

Method used

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  • Compositions and methods for treating parasitic infections
  • Compositions and methods for treating parasitic infections
  • Compositions and methods for treating parasitic infections

Examples

Experimental program
Comparison scheme
Effect test

examples 1-3

[0109]An example of a parasite that commonly infects humans is Hymenolepsis nana, which is an intestinal parasite. H. nana is a difficult worm to eliminate from the human intestine. See John Rim, Treatment of Hymenolepis nana infection. Post-Graduate Doctor Journal. Middle East Edition, 5:330-334, 1985. H. nana is found worldwide and infection can occur in humans of any age; however, due to the increased likelihood of exposure to human feces, small children have the highest risk of contracting hymenolepiasis, the disease associated with H. nana infection.

[0110]H. nana has a characteristic life cycle of about 7 days. When a host has been infected, the H. nana eggs pass into the ileum of the small intestine and hatch into oncospheres, motile larvae of H. nana, which penetrate the lamina propria of the villus of the small intestine. Within about 3 to 4 days, the larvae mature into pre-adult cysticercoids, which then enter the gut lumen, attaching to the mucosa of the villus of the smal...

example 1

[0115]The following compositions were each tested for anti-parasitic effects against H. nana in vivo: Rx1—Black seed cumin oil; Rx2—Lilac flower oil; Rx3—thyme oil (white); Rx4—carvacrol; Rx5—geraniol; Rx6—cineol; and Rx7—wintergreen oil; Rx8—Lilac Flower oil-V3; Rx9—trans-anethole; Rx10—p-cymene; Rx11—thymol.

[0116]Each mouse in the experimental groups was inoculated orally with 400 mg / kg body weight of the specified test compound (Rx) daily for 5 successive days beginning 24 hours following detection of eggs in feces. At the same time, each mouse of the control group was inoculated orally with 400 mg / kg body weight of the suspension material only, i.e. soybean oil, daily for 5 successive days. The egg count of every mouse (experimental and control) was determined daily during the periods of treatment and for further 2 days after the last dose treatment. On the 3rd day after the last dose treatment the cure rate was determined. The criteria for cure was assessed according to: (1) de...

example 2

[0120]The compounds are combined to produce the compositions having anti-parasitic properties disclosed herein. The compositions tested are set forth in Table 2. An “X” in a cell of the table indicates that a particular compound is included in a particular test composition. For example, in the column labeled “S1,” there is an X in the row setting forth thymol. As such, composition “S1” includes Thymol. Composition S1 further includes carvacrol, trans-anethole, and p-cymene.

TABLE 2S1S2S3S4S5S6S7S8S9S10S11S12S13S14S15S16thymolXXXXXXXXthyme oilXXXXXXX(white)linaloolXcarvacrolXXXXXtrans-XXXXXXanetholeα-pineneXp-cymeneXXXblack seedXXXcumin oilLilacXXXflower oilgeraniolXXXXwintergreenXXoilcineolXXlime oilXXXd-limoneneX

[0121]Each mouse in the experimental groups is inoculated orally with 400 mg / kg body weight of the specified test composition daily for 5 successive days. At the same time, each mouse of the control group is inoculated orally with 400 mg / kg body weight daily for 5 successive...

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Abstract

Compositions for treating parasitic infections and methods of using the compositions to treat subjects with parasitic infections are provided. Methods of selecting compositions for use in treating parasitic infections are further provided.

Description

RELATED APPLICATIONS[0001]This application claims priority from U.S. Provisional Application Ser. Nos. 60 / 805,963 filed Jun. 27, 2006; 60 / 822,067 filed Aug. 10, 2006; 60 / 865,109 filed Nov. 9, 2006; and 60 / 891,813 filed Feb. 27, 2007.TECHNICAL FIELD[0002]The presently-disclosed subject matter relates to methods for treating parasitic infections and compositions useful for treating parasitic infections.INTRODUCTION AND GENERAL CONSIDERATIONS[0003]Parasitic infections of plants, humans, and other animals pose a worldwide problem. For example, more than 650 million people are at risk for gastrointestinal parasitic infection, and about 200 million are actually infected. Various conditions contribute to the development and spread of parasitic infections, including: poor sanitary conditions; low host resistance; population expansion; inadequate control of vectors and infection reservoirs; increased migration of vectors; and increased migration of hosts, e.g., worldwide travel due to milita...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Applications(United States)
IPC IPC(8): A61K31/015A61K31/045A61K31/05A61K36/48G01N33/53A61P33/00
CPCA61K31/05A61K31/085A61K2300/00A61P33/00A61P33/02A61P33/10Y02A50/30
Inventor ENAN, ESSAM
Owner TYRATECH
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