Pumping unit for oil drilling, with a movement control mechanism and a mobile body within a rotating head

Abstract

This invention refers to a pumping unit for drilling oil in the field of oil prospecting equipment, comprising an oil well stem (120) which alters the length of said stem (120). The halter adjustment mechanism applied to a pumping unit for oil drilling comprises a fixed body (10) fitted with a peripheral support for fixing the steel cables (11) attached to the head (110) of the pumping unit (100). On the periphery of the fixed body (10) guides (12) are placed, wherein the peripheral support is displaced, a position sensor (121) being provided on the top end of such guide (12). The movement control mechanism of a mobile body within a rigid head of a pumping unit, which is the object of this invention, comprises equipment composed of a fixed portion (31) and a mobile portion (36). The fixed portion (31) comprises a reducer set (32), with a differential gear box (33) and the engine thereof (10) and a control system (38). The mobile portion (36) comprises a rotating head (35) over which a mobile body is attached (39), with a worm gear (37), a master gear (34), transfer gears (11), (12) and (13) and a movement system (14).

Description

FIELD OF THE INVENTION[0001]This invention discloses a pumping unit for oil drilling with a movement control mechanism within a rotating head. More specifically, it comprises a device applied on a pumping unit that automatically sets-off the position of the load at each shifting of the course, providing an automatic adjustment mechanism for the halter, and thus avoiding the need to stop the pumping unit.BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION[0002]Artificial elevation processes are used in the event the reservoir lacks sufficient pressure so as to lift those fluids to the surface. The most common ones in the oil industry are: mechanical pumping, progressive cavity pumping, submerged centrifugal pumping, hydraulic pumping and pneumatic lifting or gas-lift.[0003]Mechanical pumping is based on the transfer of rotating movement to linear vertical movement, using pumping units which promote artificial lifting of the oil deposited in the reservoirs.[0004]Mechanical pumping with stems or rods was the ...

AI Technical Summary

Benefits of technology

This patent is about a device that controls the position of a load in a pumping unit for oil drilling. The device automatically adjusts the position of the load to changes in the pumping unit's movement, eliminating the need to stop the pumping unit and adjust the load position manually. This results in improved efficiency and reduced production losses. The device uses counterweights to balance the load and reduce friction during movement. The pumping unit is placed on a base and has a reduction gear box and engine for transmitting movement to the polished stem. The load is fixed to a crank, and the position of the crank is altered to change the load position. The device uses hydraulic pressure to adjust the load position and is controlled by a movement control mechanism.

Problems solved by technology

Therefore, this balancing may only be achieved if adjusted to the position and number of counterweights within the pumping unit.

This change generates pumping issues, since the pump used is unable to work properly if its lower position (position 2) should be moved up (position 2.1).

Currently, for each “shifting of pumping course” a trained team must turn off the pumping unit—automatic or not—and reposition the load fixing height (A), which causes production losses for the well.

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