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Treatment of demyelinating diseases

Inactive Publication Date: 2021-01-21
UNIVERSITY OF KANSAS +1
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Benefits of technology

The patent describes a pharmaceutical composition containing nalfurafine for treating demyelination diseases such as multiple sclerosis (MS) and leukodystrophic diseases. The composition can be in the form of a pharmaceutical preparation or a unit dosage form. The invention also provides a method of treating demyelination diseases by administering nalfurafine to a subject in need thereof. The technical effect of the invention is to provide a therapeutically effective treatment for demyelination diseases by reducing the level of demyelination and increasing remyelination in the subject.

Problems solved by technology

Demyelination impairs conduction of signals to the affected nerves, causing deficiency of sensation, movement, cognition and other functions.
Sufferers endure a range of symptoms including fatigue, vision problems, numbness, cognitive impairment, incontinence, poor balance and muscle weakness, ultimately leading to paralysis.
Unfortunately, current treatments are not very successful in preventing the disability associated with MS and are more successful in treating RRMS than other types.
For example, current drugs are unable to stop or reverse disease progression and disability.

Method used

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Examples

Experimental program
Comparison scheme
Effect test

example 1

ne Promotes Functional Recovery from Paralysis when Administered Therapeutically in the Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis (EAE) Model of MS

[0299]Experimental Detail:

[0300]Female, C57BL / 6 mice were immunized subcutaneously (s.c.) in the hind flanks to induce EAE using myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) peptide 35-55 (50 mg / mouse) in complete Freund's adjuvant containing heat-killed Mycobacterium tuberculosis (500 μg / mouse). In addition, pertussis toxin (200 ng / mouse) was administered intraperitoneally (i.p.) on days 0 and 2. Mice were weighed and scored daily. On day 17 (vertical dotted line in FIG. 1), mice were started on daily treatment with vehicle only (Veh; 10% tween and 10% DMSO in saline) or nalfurafine at 0.3, 0.1, 0.03, or 0.01 mg / kg by i.p. injection. Nalfurafine was obtained from the University of Kansas, Synthetic Chemical Biology Core Laboratory (97.6% pure by HPLC). Treatment allocation was blinded. The disease was scored from 0-5 with 0 (normal), 1 (par...

example 2

ne Reduces Total Disability when Administered Therapeutically in the EAE Model of MS

Experimental Detail:

[0302]EAE was induced in female C57BL / 6 mice as described in Example 1. On day 17, mice were started on daily treatment with vehicle only (Veh) or nalfurafine at 0.3, 0.1, or 0.03 mg / kg by i.p. injection. The area under the curve (AUC) was calculated for each mouse based upon the daily disease score and represents the total disability experienced. Shown in FIG. 2 are results from 1 representative experiment. * p<0.05 by one-way ANOVA with Dunnett's multiple comparison test.

Interpretation and Impact:

[0303]Despite all treatment groups having similar disease scores at the start of treatment (lower graph), mice treated daily with nalfurafine had significantly lower total disability by day 45 after immunization to induce EAE (upper graph). Doses of 0.03 and 0.1 mg / kg nalfurafine had the greatest effect at reducing disability. The 0.1 mg / kg nalfurafine dose results in a 60% reduction in...

example 3

ne Promotes Recovery from EAE-Induced Weight Loss when Administered Therapeutically

Experimental Detail:

[0305]EAE was induced in female C57BL / 6 mice as described in Example 1. Mice were weighed daily and the % change in body weight calculated. On day 17 (vertical dotted line in FIG. 3), mice were started on daily treatment with vehicle only (Veh) or nalfurafine at 0.3, 0.1, or 0.03 mg / kg by i.p. injection.

Interpretation and Impact:

[0306]As shown in FIG. 3, at onset of disease, mice rapidly lose weight. Once treatment with nalfurafine is initiated (vertical dotted line), mice recover from EAE-induced weight loss.

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Abstract

The present invention relates generally to methods of using nalfurafine for treating and / or preventing demyelinating disease in a subject, and in particular for treating and / or preventing multiple sclerosis (MS). Also disclosed is nalfurafine for use in treating and / or preventing MS as well as pharmaceutical compositions and unit dosage forms comprising nalfurafine for use for treating and / or preventing demyelinating disease in a subject, and in particular for treating and / or preventing MS.

Description

1. U.S. GOVERNMENT RIGHTS[0001]This invention was made with government support under DA018151 awarded by the National Institutes of Health. The government has certain rights in the invention.2. TECHNICAL FIELD[0002]The disclosure relates generally to the use of nalfurafine (NaIF) in the prevention and treatment of demyelinating diseases, in particular, multiple sclerosis.3. BACKGROUND[0003]The myelin sheath covers important nerve fibres in the central and peripheral nervous system of mammals, helping to facilitate transmission of neural impulses. Diseases that affect myelin interrupt these nerve transmissions. The developing myelin sheath can be affected by congenital metabolic disorders such as phenylketonuria, Tay-Sachs disease, Niemann-Pick disease, Hurler's syndrome, and Krabbe's disease. Demyelination can also occur in adults as a result of injury, metabolic disorders, immune attack, ischemia and toxic agents.[0004]Demyelination impairs conduction of signals to the affected ner...

Claims

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Application Information

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IPC IPC(8): A61K31/485A61P25/28
CPCA61K31/485A61P25/28A61P25/02A61P25/00
Inventor KIVELL, BRONWYN MAREELA FLAMME, ANNE CAMILLEPRISINZANO, THOMAS EDWARD
Owner UNIVERSITY OF KANSAS
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