The invention provides a fast broadcast starting method and apparatus of high-definition live video, and relates to the technical field of live video. The method comprises the following steps: receiving live video data from a live broadcast source in real time, performing parsing according to the currently received live video data, determining a live broadcast parameter of the live broadcast source, caching live broadcast cache data according to the live broadcast parameter and the currently received live video data, and quickly sending the live broadcast cache data to a live broadcast terminal, so that the live broadcast terminal can quickly start broadcasting the live broadcast cache data. The shortest cache time length of the live broadcast cache data needing to be cached at present iscalculated according to the live broadcast parameter and a predetermined algorithm, and the live broadcast cache data are automatically updated in real time according to the shortest cache time lengthand a complete GOP requirement. The live broadcast cache data with the shortest cache time length are met, and the phenomenon that the screen is blocked or the delay is too long after the broadcast is started is reduced; and furthermore, the live broadcast cache data are sent to the live broadcast terminal according to a fast sending speed, thereby improving the broadcast starting speed of the live broadcast terminal, and accordingly, the user placing experience is improved.