Straw type soilless culture matrix and preparation thereof
A soilless culture substrate and straw technology, which is applied in the field of agricultural cultivation, can solve the problems such as the inability of the plane to land normally, the low straw utilization efficiency, the waste of resources, etc., and achieve the effects of excellent physical and chemical properties, realizing resource utilization and reducing environmental problems.
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[0012] The preparation method of the above-mentioned straw-type soilless culture substrate is realized through the following steps:
[0013] (1) Corn and wheat stalks are crushed to 1-5cm respectively, adjusted to 50%-70% water content and 25-35 C / N ratio, and statically stacked with plastic film to make the stalks fully fermented and decomposed to obtain decomposed corn stalks and decomposed wheat straw;
[0014] (2) mixing the decomposed corn stalk obtained in step (1) with the decomposed wheat stalk in proportion to obtain the basic stalk matrix;
[0015] (3) screening the slag, removing impurities therein to obtain the slag material;
[0016] (4) Compound the basic straw substrate obtained in step (2) with the slag obtained in step (3) at a volume ratio of 3:1 to 4:1 to obtain straw-type soilless cultivation with excellent physical and chemical properties matrix.
[0017] During the static composting process of the above step (1), moisture and oxygen need to be suppleme...
Embodiment 1
[0028] A straw-type soilless cultivation substrate, the raw material components are as follows, all in volume ratio:
[0029] Decomposed corn straw: decomposed wheat straw: slag = 2:1:1.
[0030] The preparation method of the above-mentioned straw-type soilless culture substrate is realized through the following steps:
[0031] (1) Crush corn and wheat straw to 1-5cm respectively, adjust the water content to about 60%, adjust the C / N ratio to about 30 by adding 15%wt sterilized chicken manure and 1%wt urea, and seal it with plastic film for static stacking . During the composting process, the water and oxygen are supplemented by turning the pile. The first turning is carried out on the 4th day of the composting, and then once every 7 days, a total of 5 times, and then once every 15 days, and then 2 times , keep it natural in the later stage. During the composting process, the maximum temperature of the heap can reach above 60°C, and it can even reach as high as 70°C in summ...
Embodiment 2
[0039] A straw-type soilless cultivation substrate, the raw material components are as follows, all in volume ratio:
[0040] Basic straw matrix: slag = 4:1, wherein, in the basic straw matrix, decomposed corn straw: decomposed wheat straw = 2:1
[0041] The preparation method of the above-mentioned straw-type soilless culture substrate is the same as that in Example 1, except that in step (4), the basic straw substrate and slag are compounded at a volume ratio of 4:1.
[0042] Table 1 Content analysis of main heavy metal elements in basic straw matrix (mg kg -1 )
[0043]
[0044] Table 2 Comparison of nutrient element content between basic straw substrate and peat substrate (g·kg -1 )
[0045]
[0046] Table 3 Analysis of physical properties of straw-based substrates
[0047]
[0048] Table 4 Effects of different substrate treatments on tomato yield and quality indicators
[0049]
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