Hydrogen storage reversible hydrogenated of pi-conjugated substrates

A conjugated and matrix technology, applied in the field of reversible hydrogenation of π-conjugated matrix, which can solve the problems of increasing fueling time and complexity

Active Publication Date: 2008-10-08
AIR PROD & CHEM INC
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

This complicates the refueling process and increases refueling times, and these can be met with resistance by consumers

Method used

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  • Hydrogen storage reversible hydrogenated of pi-conjugated substrates
  • Hydrogen storage reversible hydrogenated of pi-conjugated substrates
  • Hydrogen storage reversible hydrogenated of pi-conjugated substrates

Examples

Experimental program
Comparison scheme
Effect test

Embodiment 1

[0324] Example 1: Reversible hydrogenation of pyrene

[0325]A 0.2 g sample of pyrene (>99%, Fluka) and 0.1 g carbon-supported rhodium catalyst (5% rhodium, Acros Organics) were hand ground with an agate mortar and pestle until a uniformly colored mixture formed. The mixture was then added to a 50 mL high pressure reactor (Parr instruments) equipped with custom milling equipment. The grinding apparatus consists of a long stirring shaft with curved paddles. The reactor bottom consisted of stainless steel with a concave bottom, which allowed the agitator shaft to sweep across the bottom of the reactor with 1 / 8 inch clearance. Mechanical agitation of the sample mixture was performed by adding 5-8 stainless steel ball bearings of various sizes (1 / 16-1 / 4 inch diameter). The stirrer motor was programmed so that the direction of rotation of the stirrer alternated between clockwise and counterclockwise during the reaction, ensuring that all of the sample mixture contacted the grindi...

Embodiment 2

[0331] Example 2: Reversible hydrogenation of coronene with 5% carbon-supported rhodium catalyst and mechanical grinding

[0332] A 0.125 g sample of coronene (>99%, Acros Organics) and 0.065 g rhodium carbon catalyst (5% rhodium, Acros Organics) were hand ground with an agate mortar and pestle until a homogeneous dark green mixture formed. The mixture was then added to a 50 ml autoclave (Parrinstruments) equipped with custom milling equipment. The grinding apparatus consists of a long stirring shaft with curved paddles. The reactor bottom consisted of stainless steel with a concave bottom, which allowed the agitator shaft to sweep across the bottom of the reactor with 1 / 8 inch clearance. Mechanical agitation of the sample mixture was performed by adding 5-8 stainless steel ball bearings of various sizes (1 / 16-1 / 4 inch diameter). To ensure that all sample mixture contacts the grinding balls, the stirrer motor was programmed so that the direction of rotation of the stirrer al...

Embodiment 3

[0337] Example 3: Reversible hydrogenation of coronene with 5% rhodium on carbon catalyst and mechanical milling

[0338] A 0.066 g sample of coronene (95%, Acros Organics) and 0.033 g rhodium carbon catalyst (5% rhodium, Acros Organics) were hand ground with an agate mortar and pestle for 15 minutes until a homogeneous dark green mixture formed. Then, the samples were placed in adsorption units at different pressures. The adsorption unit consists of two small units of the same pressure, which span different pressure ranges. The absolute pressure of the two small cells is measured independently by the pressure sensor. Adsorption of hydrogen by the sample is characterized by a decrease in the pressure in the sample cell relative to the reference cell, while maintaining the same temperature between the two cells. The samples were degassed under vacuum for 30 minutes at room temperature. The sample cell and reference cell were placed under 970 pascals (67 bar) of hydrogen and ...

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Abstract

Processes are provided for the storage and release of hydrogen by means of a substantially reversible catalytic hydrogenation of extended pi-conjugated. The hydrogen, contained in the at least partially hydrogenated form of the extended pi-conjugated system, can be facilely released for use by a catalytic dehydrogenation of the latter in the presence of a dehydrogenation catalyst which can be effected by lowering the hydrogen gas pressure, generally to pressures greater than 0.1 bar or raising the temperature to less than 250 DEG C or less, or by a combination of these two process parameters. Also disclosed is a dispenser useful for dispensing a first liquid and retrieving a second liquid comprising a first conduit having an orifice for dispensing the first liquid, and a second conduit having an orifice for retrieving a second liquid in direction countercurrent to the first liquid, and methods of use thereof. In one embodiment, the invention also relates to the use of the dispenser in a fueling process.

Description

[0001] The present invention is (a) U.S. Patent Application entitled "Hydrogen Gas Storage by Reversible Hydrogenation of π-Conjugated Substrates," filed April 27, 2004 (which is a continuation-in-part of U.S. Patent Application No. 10 / 430,246 , filed May 6, 2003), and (b) a U.S. Continuation-in-Part of Patent Application, which is a continuation-in-part of US Patent Application No. 10 / 430,246, filed May 6, 2003; the entire contents of the above-identified application are hereby incorporated by reference. 1. Field of invention [0002] The present invention relates to a method for the reversible hydrogenation of π-conjugated substrates for the storage and release of hydrogen under practicable temperature and pressure conditions, especially for fuel cells. Hydrogen is a widely used chemical in the chemical and petroleum processing industries, but it has been increasingly recognized as a usable "clean" energy source based on recent developments in fuel cells. Hydrogen for stati...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Applications(China)
IPC IPC(8): B01J3/00B01J8/00B01J19/24C01B3/00
CPCC01B3/0015Y02E60/327Y02E60/321Y02E60/328Y02E60/32
Inventor 盖多·彼得·佩茨亚伦·瑞蒙德·斯哥特艾伦·查尔斯·库博程汉松拉瑞·戴维·拜格姿约翰·布鲁斯·阿普莱比
Owner AIR PROD & CHEM INC
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