Congestion control method for wireless sensor network

Abstract

The invention relates to a congestion control method for a wireless sensor network, which comprises the following five steps: 1) at a source end of the sensor network, choosing representative nodes instead of all sensing nodes to report events; 2) detecting the congestion by the nodes according to an occupancy rate of a local buffer zone; 3) dividing the nodes between the source and a gathering node sink into far sink nodes and near sink nodes according to the distances from the nodes to the gathering node sink; 4) if detecting the congestion by the far sink nodes, sending a backward congestion report and spreading the report information along the direction of a data source, and adopting a congestion processing method based on flow scheduling by the node which receives the report information; and 5) if detecting the congestion by the near sink nodes, sending a forward congestion report to the gathering node sink, and adjusting the speed or quantity of the representative nodes by the gathering node sink according to an application requirement after receiving the congestion report information. According to the method, the congestion problems probably occurring in different areas of the wireless sensor network are solved by using different processing methods, thereby timely and efficiently avoiding or relieving congestion.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to a wireless sensor network-oriented congestion control method, which belongs to the technical field of wireless sensor network transmission control. Background technique [0002] Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN, Wireless Sensor Networks) are composed of a large number of sensor nodes distributed in a certain space. The nodes have data perception, information processing and wireless communication capabilities. The network topology is dynamically variable. Its purpose is to sense, collect and process collaboratively Information or events of target objects in the network coverage area, and returned to the observation node. It combines the latest achievements in various sciences such as sensor measurement, micro-electro-mechanism system (MEMS), embedded computing and network communication. It is an important part of the modern high-tech field. Traffic, intrusion detection and other aspects have been widely used. [0003] Different f...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

However, ESRT still has the following problems: (1) ESRT assumes that the sink is located within the one-hop transmission range of the sensor node, and the sink can notify all source nodes of the update rate by broadcasting

However, CODA still has the following shortcomings: (1) CODA adopts hop-by-hop rate adjustment for the congestion detected by all nodes between the source and the sink, and the response speed is slow; (2) Although CODA can alleviate the problem of network congestion to a certain extent, However, due to its complete dependence on rate control, this scheme is basically not applicable to some application scenarios that do not allow speed reduction or packet loss; (3) The rate adjustment method based on AIMD is too simple, does not distinguish the contribution of different source nodes, and lacks fairness , with limited performance

However, FACC still has the following shortcomings: (1) FACC distinguishes the congestion near the source node and the congestion near the sink by distinguishing the relay node

However, in order to distinguish between near-source nodes and near-sink nodes, each relay node needs to maintain an information table of forwarded data packets, and update and store the information in the table in real time. The calculation complexity is high and the startup time is long

In addition, with the dynamic changes of the network, the relay node may frequently switch between the two identities of the near-source node and the near-sink node, which consumes a lot of energy and seriously affects the network performance; (2) the near-sink node adopts the method of active packet loss, Although it can avoid congestion near the sink to a certain extent and play an early warning role, but as the packet is discarded, the energy consumed by the upstream node to transmit the packet is all wasted

Since the near-sink node is far from the source node, this waste is more serious; (3) The near-source node controls the sending rate of each flow passing through it, although it can alleviate the congestion problem of the node to a certain extent, but due to its complete Rely on rate control, limited performance

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