Method for extracting point cloud data of tree height based on space three-dimensional template

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for extracting point cloud data of tree height based on a space three-dimensional template, which comprises the following steps: classifying original point cloud data to generate a digital elevation model (DEM), a digital surface model (DSM) and a tree canopy model (CHM) of a domain to be extracted; respectively computing the related coefficients of subdomains ofthe CHM and the template by introducing the space three-dimensional template; then marking the subdomains meeting requirements by utilizing a threshold distinguishing method; and finally performing adjacent superposition analysis in the marked candidate domain and merging the adjacent domains with over-high overlapping degree to generate tree height information. When ensuring the extracting precision of tree heights, the method effectively solves the problem of tree height judgment ambiguity of adjacent domains so that the extracted tree height information has higher quality and larger practical value, wherein the problem of tree height judgment ambiguity is caused by the phenomenon of tree superposition.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the field of spatial information processing, and relates to a tree height extraction method of point cloud data based on a spatial three-dimensional template. Background technique [0002] Forest is the most widely distributed and richest ecosystem on land, and it has a very important impact on regulating the ecological balance and the living environment of human beings. The traditional forest tree height measurement requires field measurement and can only obtain data at some points, which is not only time-consuming and laborious, but also often fails to meet the required accuracy requirements. The rapid development of LiDAR technology in recent years can provide accurate three-dimensional spatial information. Its multiple echo characteristics can not only obtain point cloud information on the upper surface of forest trees, but also partially penetrate the forest surface to obtain the vertical structure of tree canopy. infor...

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Problems solved by technology

[0007]The method of directly calculating tree height based on point cloud 3D information is more common in practice, but the problem is that the extraction accuracy is low, and it cannot be adjusted according to the characteristics of forest tree types However, the ground 3D scanning equipment is expensive and generates a large amount of data, which is not suitable for large-scale applications and Rapid processing of information; methods based on other tree information need to adjust inversion parameters and models according to regional differences, and often need to count a large number of measured samples, so they are not universally applicable

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