[0061] 1. Seed collection
[0062] 1. The provenance of Zushi Ma seeds
[0063] According to research by researchers from the Institute of Materia Medica of Gansu Academy of Medical Sciences and the Provincial Enterprise Technology Center of Gansu Taikang Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., the mature fruit of Zushi Ma in Qilian Mountains is used as the seed source of Zushi Ma.
[0064] 2. Collection time and location of Zushi Ma seeds
[0065] The collection time of Zushi Ma seeds was August 20, 2010. The collection site was the Burzhi Grassland of Qilian Mountain, Qilian Township, Tianzhu County.
[0066] 3. Harvesting of Zushi Hemp Seeds
[0067] Choose a robust plant as the seed-harvesting mother plant to harvest the seeds of Zushima. When harvesting, gently pick the full and mature fruits of Zushima whose surface has completely reddened. Spread out the harvested ancestral hemp fruit in time to avoid heat and rot. A total of 150kg of Zushi Ma fruit was collected.
[0068] 4. Remove the pulp
[0069] 4.1 Rub the Zushima fruit by hand to break the fruit, and then place it in clean water to scrub to remove impurities such as pulp and peel. After cleaning, pour the seeds into clean water, remove the empty seeds floating on the water, remove the sunken seeds, and drain the water.
[0070] 4.2 Put the seeds in a cool, ventilated, dry place and air dry naturally. After drying, 20kg is obtained.
[0071] 5. Seed storage
[0072] Store fully dried seeds in a ventilated carton in a cool, dry and ventilated place.
[0073] 2. Seed stratification
[0074] 1. Seed pretreatment
[0075] 1.1 Seed selection
[0076] First take 10kg of Zushi Ma seeds and sieve, remove the remaining pulp, peel and other impurities, put the seeds in salt water, stir quickly for 2 minutes, remove the empty particles floating on the water, rinse immediately with clean water, and drain the water Copies.
[0077] 1.2 Seed disinfection
[0078] Soak the selected seeds with 0.2% potassium permanganate solution for 20 minutes, rinse several times with clean water, and drain the water for later use.
[0079] 2. Seed stratification
[0080] 2.1 Stacking time
[0081] Seeds were layered on October 22, 2010. The layering method adopts the trench storage method.
[0082] 2.2 Layered processing
[0083] 2.2.1 Trenching
[0084] Choose a higher terrain, good drainage, leeward and shady place to dig a trench, dig a trench of length X width X depth of 80cmX80cmX120cm.
[0085] 2.2.2 Burying
[0086] The burial depths were 40cm, 60cm, 80cm, and 100 cm. Buried 2kg ancestral hemp seeds per depth. First, spread a layer of 20cm thick wet sand on the bottom of the ditch, and then mix the disinfected seeds with clean wet river sand in a volume ratio of 1:3. The humidity of the river sand requires that it can be held into a mass, and loose energy shall be dispersed. In the evening, they are put into the ditch one by one, covered with about 30 cm of wet sand, and then covered with soil to make the roof ridge-shaped.
[0087] 2.2.3 Seed
[0088] The seeds were dug out on April 17, 2011, and the seeds of different depths were marked and stored separately. Use a sieve to remove the sand and set aside.
[0089] Three, nursery
[0090] 1. Preparation of nursery facilities:
[0091] A plug tray with 50 holes is used.
[0092] 2. Selection of seedling substrate:
[0093] Choose seedling substrates produced by Hexi Institute of Ecology and Oasis Agriculture of Hexi University, Ningxia Tianyuan Company, Shouguang, Shandong and other places.
[0094] 3. Place the bed
[0095] The seedbed is 115cm-120cm wide (the length of two plugs), and the length is 40-50m. The bed surface is leveled and firmed, and a layer of mulch is laid underneath, and then the plugs are laid.
[0096] 4. Disinfection
[0097] The seedbed is disinfected by spraying 200~300ml 40% formalin and 25~30kg water. The plugs are immersed in 1000 times potassium permanganate solution for more than 1 hour for disinfection, then rinsed with clean water and then loaded into the plates.
[0098] 5. Loading and seeding
[0099] 5.1 Installation
[0100] It is better to mix the substrate with dampness before loading, hold it into a ball and loosen it, then put the substrate into the plug tray and scrape it from one side of the plug tray to the other with a scraper. After loading, each cell is clearly visible, do not press hard on the substrate. Put a small wooden board on it and press it gently with your hands to make the depth reach the seeding requirement.
[0101] 5.2 Seeding
[0102] The seeds were sown on April 18, 2011. The germinated or white seeds after the stratification treatment were selected and spotted into the plug trays, and the seedling substrate was spread on the seedling bed, and then watered thoroughly. Seeds of different depths of gully layering were sown into different plugs, and 3000 seeds of each layering depth were sown and clearly marked.
[0103] 6. Seedling management
[0104] 6.1 Temperature management
[0105] The daily temperature before emergence is 25℃~30℃, and the night temperature is above 12℃; after emergence, the temperature should be lowered. In summer, the temperature should be shaded and cooled.
[0106] 6.2 Light Management
[0107] After 60% of the seeds are topped with soil, remove the cover on the plug in the evening and enter normal management. From late May to early June, as the temperature rises and the light increases, the seedling raising facilities are covered with shading nets. In the morning and afternoon, when the temperature is relatively low, the shading nets are removed and the shading nets are covered at noon.
[0108] 6.3 Water and fertilizer management
[0109] Keep a high substrate humidity after sowing and before emergence, preferably 80-90%. 7-10 days before planting, properly control the water content. When watering, pour it into the substrate with more roots. Generally, the substrate should be watered until the water is not flooded. It is watered once every 2 days after emergence, depending on the weather conditions, and once a day after late May. After the seedling age reaches 30 days, topdressing nutrient solution (0.2% urea + 0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate) once a week.
[0110] 6.4 Strong seedling index
[0111] The seedling height is 6-10cm, the stem is about 0.25cm thick, 8-11 leaves, the leaves are dark green, and the roots are well-developed milky white, and there are no pests and diseases.
[0112] 7. Zushi Hemp Seedling Statistics (Table 1)
[0113] Trench depth Number of sowing seeds (grains) Number of seedlings (plants) Emergence rate (%) 40cm 3000 1980 66.00 60cm 3000 2175 72.50 80cm 3000 2210 73.67 100cm 3000 2280 76.00
[0114] 4. Field transplanting and planting
[0115] 1. Transplanting and planting land selection
[0116] Choose a well-drained, sandy loam lawn as the planting ground.
[0117] 2. Site preparation
[0118] Excavate a horizontal trench with a depth of 50 cm and a diameter of 30 cm, with a trench distance of 50 cm. After excavation, the topsoil is backfilled and the ridge is built with raw soil.
[0119] 3. Colonization
[0120] 3.1 Colonization time
[0121] It was planted on September 3, 2011.
[0122] 3.2 Backfilling of planting ditch
[0123] First use broken straw and a little mellow soil to backfill the planting ditch to a depth of 15-20cm, and then apply soil manure and decomposed cow manure 1m 3 Around, finally backfill the guest soil until the ditch is full and fill with water to make the soil in the ditch solid.
[0124] 3.3 Seedling transplanting and planting
[0125] Choose a seedling height of 7-10cm, a stem thickness of about 0.2cm, dark green leaves, 9-11 leaves already grown, a milky white root system with developed roots, 1000 plants of Zushima seedlings with no spots of disease and insects, and plant them at a row spacing of 50cm and a plant spacing of 50cm. . Before planting, the seedlings are planted in grades. When planting, first dip the roots with No. 6 ABT rooting powder solution 200ppm, dig the soil of the planting ditch, plant the seedlings in an upright position, and compact the surrounding soil. Be careful not to damage the root system of seedlings during operation. The depth of burial should be that all roots are in the soil. Irrigate plantar water after transplanting and planting.
[0126] 5. Field management
[0127] Full winter water was irrigated on November 5 of the year of transplanting, and spring water was irrigated on April 5 of the following year. Timely loosen the soil, weeding manually, and add a bio-available fertilizer on May 20 combined with the second irrigation.
[0128] 6. Statistics of survival rate of Zushi hemp seedlings transplanted in the field (Table 2)
[0129] time Plant height (cm) Stem thickness (cm) Number of unfolded leaves (cm) Number of plants Survival rate (%) 2011.9.3 7.5 0.21 9 1000 —— 2012.7.5 11.2 0.56 12 9750 97.5
[0130] Note: Plant height and diameter are the average of 20 plants randomly surveyed.
