Method for improving soil fertility of greenhouse and preventing soil disease

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for improving soil fertility of a greenhouse and preventing a soil disease. The method comprises a biogas slurry storage step, a soil anaerobic fermentation raw material sowing step, a step of conducting soil tillage on evenly-scattered anaerobic fermentation raw materials, a step of conducting flood irrigation on a cultivated filed through the biogas slurry and water, a step of covering a mulching film for sealing, a step of depressing the greenhouse, and a step of uncovering the mulching film to again conduct soil tillage. The method has no chemical composition residuals, can not damage strain balance of various beneficial bacteria in the soil, does not enable the beneficial bacteria to produce drug resistance, is stable in disinfection effect, can play a role of disinfecting on a deeper soil layer, is low in disinfection cost, can be used in a certain area in large-quantity and high-strength modes, solves the problem that biogas slurry consumption in a biogas project is difficult, improves soil physical and chemical properties and acid-base equilibrium, improves disease-insect resistance of the crop and stress resistance of a bad condition, can kill harmful bacteria, reduces the disease, improves absorption efficiency of the crop on various fertilizer components, improves fertilizer efficiency of the fertilizer and saves fertilizing cost.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of greenhouse planting soil improvement and comprehensive utilization of biogas engineering products, and in particular relates to a method for improving soil fertility in greenhouses and preventing and controlling soil-borne diseases. Background technique [0002] Continuous cropping obstacle refers to the phenomenon of crop yield and quality decline that occurs when the same species or the same family of crops are continuously cultivated in the same planting land, especially in greenhouse vegetable cultivation. The reason for continuous cropping obstacles is mainly due to the increase of infectious harmful bacteria populations in the soil and the destruction of the microbial population balance in the soil. In production, techniques such as reasonable crop rotation, selection of disease-resistant varieties, soil replacement, biological control, and soil disinfection are often used to overcome obstacles to c...

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Problems solved by technology

[0005] The Chinese patent "A Method for Using Biogas Slurry to Correct Greenhouse Soil Continuous Cropping Obstacles" (CN102498777A) discloses that the anaerobic reduction in fresh biogas slurry can be used to treat the soil with continuous cropping obstacles by flooding the greenhouse continuous cropping planting area. However, since it can only digest part of the fresh biogas slurry in summer high temperature weather, it cannot use the biogas slurry produced in other periods, so for large and medium-sized biogas projects that produce a large amount of biogas slurry all year round, the digestion capacity Obviously insufficient; in addition, in the process of storage, extraction, transportation, and irrigation, biogas slurry loses or reduces its anaerobic reducibility due to contact with oxygen, which greatly reduces its disinfection effect; thirdly, in terms of the amount of flood irrigation, In order to obtain a good disinfection effect by flood irrigation as much as possible, the fertilization effect of the biogas slurry cannot be controlled, and it is easy to cause fertilizer damage due to excessive fertilization

In fact, the concentration of available nitrogen fertilizer in the biogas slurry that has not undergone solid-liquid separation is generally between 0.03% and 0.2%. 3 For biogas slurry, the total nitrogen mass concentration is calculated at 0.12%, and the available nitrogen fertilizer applied per mu is 60kg, which is far greater than the amount of available nitrogen fertilizer base fertilizer required by general crops. If calculated at 0.2%, the highest available nitrogen fertilizer per mu can be applied However, in practice, the amount of total nitrogen fertilizer required for tomatoes with a yield of 5,000 kg per mu is only about 20 kg, and even if the yield per mu is 10,000 kg, it is only about 40 kg. Such blind application of large amounts of quick-acting nitrogen fertilizer may not only lead to leggy growth of crops, but may even cause Fertilizer damage, resulting in reduced production, may also destroy the entire soil composition structure, resulting in increased soil acidification and salinization, and due to excessive fertilizer nutrition, the possibility of various diseases and insect pests will increase, which will seriously affect the sustainable production of the planting area. It does not conform to the spirit of fine fertilization based on soil testing formula currently promoted in our country. In fact, a series of problems caused by excessive fertilization have become a problem that cannot be ignored in my country's agricultural planting, especially in greenhouse planting.

But on the contrary, too little biogas slurry can not flood the entire planting land, nor can it provide enough reducibility for the land, and cannot achieve the effect of soil anaerobic reduction disinfection. The amount of biogas slurry flood irrigation and excessive fertilization are insurmountable obstacles

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