Off-resonance three-dimensional elliptical diamond vibration cutting method and device

Abstract

The invention relates to an off-resonance three-dimensional elliptical diamond vibration cutting method and device and belongs to a cutting method and device. Four piezoelectric stacks which are placed in parallel are driven according to input signals, and phase angles of the input signals are different in a two-to-two mode. The piezoelectric stacks push a pushing face on a tool apron hinge base body to enable various hinges to produce micrometric displacement, therefore a diamond cutter point three-dimensional elliptical movement track capable of being adjusted can be obtained, the track can be adjusted initiatively through frequency, amplitudes and phase differences of driving signals of the piezoelectric stacks and installation positions of the piezoelectric stacks. The off-resonance three-dimensional elliptical diamond vibration cutting method and device can meet requirements for various difficult-to-machine materials and different face types through diamond cutting, and obtains the best cutting machining performance.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of ultra-precision cutting and complex optical parts processing of difficult-to-machine materials, and in particular relates to a non-resonant three-dimensional elliptical vibration cutting method and device. Background technique [0002] In recent years, with the rapid development of industrial fields such as aerospace and national defense, the demand for ultra-precision machining of optical and electronic components is also increasing. However, due to the limitations of some high-performance but difficult-to-machine materials, traditional diamond cutting The method is difficult to meet the requirements due to the rapid tool wear. [0003] On this basis, One-Dimensional Ultrasonic Vibration Cutting (1D UVC), also known as traditional vibration cutting, has been successfully applied to the cutting of some difficult-to-machine materials since 1966, but there are still some defects, such as surface roughness l...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

[0005] The currently widely used EVC drive belongs to the resonance type, which is characterized by a high vibration frequency. The existing literature shows that the maximum can reach 60KHZ, mainly because two distributed loads are applied on both sides of the tool rod by piezoelectric means. According to non- The principle of linear superharmonic resonance makes the tip of the tool generate a two-dimensional elliptical motion trajectory, but the two-dimensional EVC currently seen generally has the following disadvantages: (1) The nonlinear superharmonic resonance of the tool holder is in the transverse bending vibration and longitudinal vibration There is coupling on the

(2) The frequency of elliptical vibration cannot be adjusted due to the constant natural mode shape of the cutter bar, which makes it difficult to adapt to the processing requirements of different processing materials

(3) The node of the tool holder clamping is obtained by analyzing the vibration mode. The design of the tool holder is more difficult, and deviations may occur in actual processing, which will affect the machining accuracy

The non-resonant drive is mainly based on the direct drive structure of piezoelectric stacks arranged in parallel or perpendicular to each other. The main advantage is that it can actively adjust the parameters such as the frequency and amplitude of the elliptical motion of the tool tip, which is suitable for processing different materials and surfaces. There are still some deficiencies: (1) The position of the piezoelectric actuator on the device is fixed, and the plane where the ellipse is formed cannot be adjusted

(2) The open-loop control of the elliptical motion trajectory during actual cutting will inevitably be deformed or distorted

[0009] The three-dimensional elliptical vibration cutting device mentioned in the patent (CN102371359A) also does not have the fine-tuning part for the height of the diamond tip. Ellipse to adjust

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