Cathode structure capable of saving energy and homogenizing horizontal current in molten aluminium

Abstract

The invention relates to a cathode structure of an aluminium electrolysis cell and in particular relates to a cathode structure capable of saving energy and homogenizing horizontal current in molten aluminium. The cathode structure comprises a cathode carbon block and a current conducting rod, wherein the current conducting rod protrudes out of the bottom surface of the cathode carbon block and is surrounded by clad materials; an insulator is filled between the end of the cathode carbon block and the current conducting rod; other parts of the cathode carbon block are connected with a contact part of the current conducting rod by an electric connector. The cathode structure has the advantages and effects that the cathode structure has strong practicability, and not only substantially reduces the cathode drop but also substantially reduces the horizontal current in molten aluminium and improves the stability of an electrolysis cell under the condition of not changing the electricity output mode of the cathode, namely side electricity output, so that the electrolysis cell can operate efficiently and stably under the condition of short electrode distance; the cathode structure effectively reduces the energy consumption of tonnage aluminium and has an obvious energy saving effect; meanwhile, the cathode current is distributed more uniformly, thus the service life of the cell is prolonged.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to a cathode structure of an aluminum electrolytic cell, in particular to an energy-saving cathode structure capable of homogenizing the horizontal current of molten aluminum. Background technique [0002] Metal aluminum is produced industrially by molten salt electrolysis, that is, electrolytically dissolving alumina in an electrolyte with molten cryolite as the main component. At present, the main method used is the Hall-Heroult electrolysis method. [0003] The direct equipment for the production of electrolytic aluminum is an electrolytic cell. The electrolytic cell is mainly composed of two parts, one is the anode, which is usually made of carbon materials; the other is the cathode, which is made of cathode carbon blocks and lining materials. [0004] The aluminum electrolytic cell is connected in series in the whole electrolytic series. The current enters the electrolytic cell from the anode, passes through the molten electr...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

In the electrolytic cell of this structure, there is a very big disadvantage in the cathode conductive structure: because the cathode steel rod and the cathode carbon block are placed horizontally in the same direction, a very large horizontal current is generated in the aluminum liquid, which is in line with the vertical magnetic field in the aluminum liquid The combined action produces electromagnetic force, which drives the aluminum liquid to flow and fluctuate in the electrolytic cell. If the horizontal current in the electrolytic cell is too large and unevenly distributed, it will cause excessive fluctuations in the interface between the aluminum liquid and the electrolyte, causing the electrolytic cell to Create severe instability in production, reducing current efficiency

[0007] In addition, the generation of partial horizontal current can be suppressed by improving the cathode structure, but it will increase the pressure drop of the cathode carbon block group, resulting in an increase in energy consumption per ton of aluminum

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