Biocatalyst compositions and methods of use
A biocatalyst and microbial technology, applied in biochemical equipment and methods, chemical instruments and methods, biofuels, etc., can solve problems such as high cost, loss of plasmids, hazardous waste, etc.
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[0167] Preferably during the preparation of the biocatalyst, the solid sorbent may be incorporated into the polymeric structure in any convenient manner.
[0168] Phosphorescent Biocatalyst
[0169] Another preferred aspect of the invention relates to a biocatalyst comprising a phosphorescent substance and a photosynthetic microorganism (ie a microorganism that uses light energy in a metabolic process). Preferably, the microorganism is an algae, most preferably a microalgae, or a cyanobacteria.
[0170]The biological activity of photosynthetic microorganisms can be enhanced to produce expressed biological products using a wide range of light sources such as sunlight. According to the invention, the photosynthetic microorganisms are irreversibly retained in the biocatalyst, wherein the interior of the biocatalyst contains phosphorescent substances capable of converting UV light into light with a wavelength between about 400 to 800 nm, preferably about 450 to 650 nm and Persis...
Embodiment 205
[0287] In this example, a batch bioreactor was used, and technical grade ethanol was added to the fermentation broth to provide a concentration of 20% by mass of ethanol. One run used a free suspension of S. cerevisiae to provide about 150 grams of yeast per liter and another run used enough biocatalyst to provide about 150 grams of yeast per liter. After 72 hours under fermentation conditions, the fermentation broth containing the free suspension produced no ethanol, whereas the biocatalyst produced about 75% of the theoretically possible amount of ethanol. In the absence of added ethanol, after 72 hours, the free suspension provided an ethanol yield of about 78% of the theoretically possible ethanol amount. The biocatalyst produces about 96% to 98% of the theoretically possible amount of ethanol. A high conversion rate demonstrates that a metabolic shift has occurred.
Embodiment 206
[0289] In this example, the biocatalyst was exposed to a 20% by mass aqueous ethanol solution over a period of approximately 24 hours. Subsequently, the biocatalyst was washed and then used in a batch bioreactor to provide a theoretical yeast content of about 150 g / L. After 72 hours, the free cell batch reaction did not produce any ethanol. A batch reaction using a biocatalyst produces about 98% ethanol which is theoretically possible.
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