A method for extracting lithium from salt lake brine with high selectivity

A salt lake brine, high-selectivity technology, applied in chemical instruments and methods, lithium compounds, inorganic chemistry, etc., can solve the problems of difficult separation, incompatibility, etc., to achieve simple process flow, convenient equipment operation, stable and reliable treatment effect. Effect

Active Publication Date: 2018-10-26
EAST CHINA UNIV OF SCI & TECH
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Problems solved by technology

Due to the close chemical properties of magnesium and lithium, it is very difficult to separate them in aqueous systems
Salt lakes in western my country have abundant lithium reserves, most of which are high in magnesium and low in lithium. The Mg / Li quality is dozens or even tens of thousands of times higher than that of foreign salt lake brines. Therefore, the internationally mature precipitation industrial lithium extraction technology is not suitable for most of China's salt lake resources. structural features

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  • A method for extracting lithium from salt lake brine with high selectivity
  • A method for extracting lithium from salt lake brine with high selectivity
  • A method for extracting lithium from salt lake brine with high selectivity

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Experimental program
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Effect test

Embodiment 1

[0039]Japan’s Asahi Glass Selemion CSO is selected for the monovalent selective cation exchange membrane, Japan’s Asahi Glass Selemion ASA is selected for the monovalent selective anion exchange membrane, the membrane logarithm is 40, the membrane size is 180mm×550mm, and the effective membrane area is 130mm×390mm. The anode material is iridium plated titanium, and the cathode material is stainless steel. The anolyte is Na with a mass fraction of 3% 2 SO 3 solution, the catholyte is a NaCl solution with a mass fraction of 3%, and its pH is controlled in the range of 2.8 to 3.0 through online adjustment of dilute hydrochloric acid. A brine with a lithium concentration of 0.15 g / L and a Mg / Li mass ratio of 150 was used as the initial desalination solution, and NaCl with a mass fraction of 3% was used as the initial concentrated solution. The linear velocity of the feed liquid on the membrane stack is controlled at 7.1cm / s, and the temperature is controlled at 20°C through a he...

Embodiment 2

[0043] Raw water quality, polar liquid composition and equipment conditions were the same as in Example 1, and the constant voltage electrodialysis experiment was carried out under the conditions of a single pair of membrane load voltages of 0.10V and 0.15V respectively, and other operating conditions were the same as in Example 1. Li + / Mg 2+ The change of selectivity and product liquid Mg / Li mass ratio with time is shown in the appendix figure 1 , Li + The change of recovery rate with time see figure 2 . in Li + When the recovery rate is about 90%, the separation effect and energy consumption are compared, and the evaluation index comparison is shown in Table 2. The results show that with the increase of operating voltage, the Li + / Mg 2+ The separation selectivity increases significantly, and the Mg / Li mass ratio of the product liquid decreases, while at close Li + Li extracted per unit mass under the recovery rate + The power consumption is equivalent.

[0044] ...

Embodiment 3

[0047] A brine with a lithium concentration of 0.162g / L and a Mg / Li mass ratio of 36.4 was used as the raw material solution, and membrane separation experiments were performed using single-stage electrodialysis and single-stage nanofiltration, respectively, to compare the separation effect and energy consumption. In the electrodialysis experiment, the load voltage of the single membrane was 0.15V, and the composition of the polar liquid, equipment conditions and other operating conditions were the same as in Example 1. The nanofiltration experiment uses the DL-2540 nanofiltration membrane of GE Company, and the nanofiltration membrane separation experiment is carried out under the operating pressure of 0.3-2.1Mpa. The optimal operating pressure is selected, and the separation effect and energy consumption are compared with the electrodialysis method, as shown in Table 3 . The results show that electrodialysis in Li + / Mg 2+ Separation selectivity, product liquid Mg / Li ratio...

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Abstract

The invention relates to a high selectivity method of extracting lithium from salt lake brine. According to the method, brine with nearly saturated / saturated magnesium ions is introduced into microfiltration equipment to remove the suspension particles in the brine; then a little amount of water is added into the brine to slightly dilute the brine; the diluted brine is transferred to a desalination chamber of electrodialysis equipment and is taken as the primary desalinated solution; a primary concentrated solution is prepared and transferred to a concentration chamber of the electrodialysis equipment; and finally one stage or multi-stage constant voltage electrodialysis is performed under a continuous / batched operation mode to obtain a lithium containing product solution. The magnesium / lithium ratio is greatly reduced. The product solution can be directly applied to the subsequent refining and purity removing technology of a lithium carbonate product. The technology is simple, the selectivity is high, and the energy consumption is low. The lithium in salt lake brine can be effectively separated and purified. The content of impurity ions such as magnesium ions, boron ions, sulfuric ions, and the like, is largely reduced. At the same time, the lithium ion recovery rate is high, and the lithium ion concentration of the product solution is high. The provided method has a wide application prospect in lithium exploitation in salt lake brine with a high Mg / Li ratio.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to a method for extracting lithium from salt lake brine with high selectivity, in particular to a method for separating lithium ions from a lithium-containing salt solution by using selective ion exchange membrane electrodialysis. Background technique [0002] With the rapid development of high-tech industries such as information industry, green energy, and nuclear fusion power generation in the 21st century, lithium and its compounds have become ideal materials for energy and light alloys in the new century, and are "important elements that drive the world forward." Lithium mainly exists in pegmatite ore beds and brines in nature. The energy consumption of lithium extraction from ores is high, and the environmental pollution is serious. However, the reserves of lithium resources in salt lake brines have a significant advantage and great potential for development. Therefore, the development of lithium resources in brines is very im...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Patents(China)
IPC IPC(8): C01D15/00
CPCC01D15/00C01P2006/80
Inventor 孙淑英聂骁垚宋兴福于建国
Owner EAST CHINA UNIV OF SCI & TECH
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