In-situ stratified sampling device of soil seepage water

Abstract

The invention discloses an in-situ stratified sampling device of soil seepage water. The in-situ stratified sampling device comprises a first-grade sampling pipe, wherein the first-grade sampling pipe is divided into a plurality of sampling chambers along the axial direction; a cone is arranged at the bottom of the sampling chamber at the bottommost part; a flow guide hole is formed in a pipe wall at a 1 / 4 part of each sampling chamber from top to bottom, and a sampling window is arranged on a pipe wall of each lower half part at the height of 1 / 2; one side of each sampling window is hinged to a window door through a hinge, and an arc-shaped inserting hole and a handle are formed in and arranged at the other side of each sampling window and the corresponding window door respectively; the inserting holes and the handles are fixedly connected through bolts to close the window doors; a funnel with an upward trumpet opening is arranged between the flow guide hole of each sampling chamber and the corresponding sampling window, and the edge of the opening of each funnel is fixedly connected with the inner wall of the corresponding sampling chamber; a bottom plate of each sampling chamber is a sample carrying platform; a liquid collection bottle is arranged on each sample carrying platform; a liquid outlet of each funnel stretches into a bottle opening of the corresponding liquid collection bottle. The device disclosed by the invention can be repeatedly utilized and is convenient to wash; the device is simple, and is easy to operate; technicians can easily learn and grasp the utilization of the in-situ stratified sampling device.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of soil water sampling, and in particular relates to an in-situ layered sampling device for soil seepage water. Background technique [0002] In mountainous and hilly areas, especially in karst areas in Southwest China, the phreatic level is buried relatively deep, and the soil profile is usually relatively shallow (generally a few meters thick or even thinner). Rely on the seepage water (ie gravity water) formed after rainfall infiltrated into the soil as the main erosion force. For such soil profiles, seepage water plays an important role in water-rock reactions and solute (including colloidal particles) transport, and has gradually become the focus of weathering geochemistry research. In addition, seepage water is also the main carrier of the migration and transformation of environmental pollutants in the soil profile, and is the research object in the evaluation of soil environmental quality. The premi...

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Problems solved by technology

At present, the method widely used in the in-situ collection of soil water is the suction method of porous clay cup or other materials based on the principle of negative pressure. Samples will disturb the flow field around the sampling point, affecting the free infiltration of seepage water, and it is difficult to guarantee the in-situ sampling; (2) This type of device can only sample at a single point, and cannot complete the soil water at different depths of the profile at the same time. (3) Since the seepage water mainly occurs during the rainfall period, it is inconvenient to operate on site, especially when using a vacuum pump for air extraction

For the former, since the soil overlying the intercepting trench is backfill soil, the original structure of the soil is destroyed, and even there is a mixture of soils at different layers, so it is difficult for the collected samples to truly represent the seepage water composition flowing through the original soil profile. In addition, the device can only single point sampling

For the latter, although several independent liquid collection chambers are welded longitudinally along the cylinder, and holes are drilled in the side walls of each chamber so that seepage water of different depths can be collected at the same time, there are also some shortcomings: (1) due to the liquid collection cylinder device It is welded together and cannot be moved and disassembled, and it is inconvenient to clean; (2) The diameter of the excavated cylindrical soil hole for placing the liquid collection cylinder is larger than that of the liquid collection cylinder, and the gap between the two is filled with the layered soil samples taken in advance During the process, it is difficult to fully achieve the in-situ performance of the interstitial soil; (3) The sampling depth of the device is designed to be 1m. For deeper soil profile sampling, a longer liquid collection cylinder needs to be welded, and its strength is difficult to guarantee

On the other hand, the deeper the sampling, the more difficult it is to fill the gap between the soil hole and the liquid collection cylinder. Once there is a gap between the two, it will lead to the failure of soil seepage water sampling

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