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Rapid detection method for stability and toxicity of heavy metals in domestic garbage incineration fly ash

A technology of domestic waste incineration and detection methods, which is applied in the direction of measuring devices, preparation of test samples, and analysis through chemical reactions of materials, can solve problems such as low efficiency, long time-consuming, environmental pollution, etc., and improve supervision Efficiency, realization of safety management, and the effect of ensuring environmental safety

Active Publication Date: 2017-09-26
SHANGHAI UNIV
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

However, the national standard method requires strict detection conditions, requires the use of a variety of professional instruments, and takes a long time, and the flipping process takes more than 18 hours
Each large-scale fly ash landfill in China needs to receive dozens of batches of fly ash produced by multiple waste incineration plants in surrounding areas every day. When the fly ash enters the landfill for landfill disposal, it is difficult to use the national standard leaching toxic leaching method. On-site real-time monitoring of the stability of heavy metals in fly ash entering the landfill in accordance with the "Pollution Control Standards for Domestic Waste Landfill Sites" will cause some fly ash with incomplete stabilization of heavy metals to directly enter the landfill for landfill, causing environmental pollution. Hidden dangers
That is to say, the current detection method for the stability of heavy metals in municipal solid waste incineration fly ash has the disadvantages of long time and low efficiency, which makes it difficult to coordinate the implementation of pretreatment quality and landfill process, and it is difficult to implement the quality control of incoming fly ash

Method used

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Examples

Experimental program
Comparison scheme
Effect test

Embodiment 1

[0024] In this embodiment, a rapid detection method for the stability and toxicity of heavy metals in fly ash from domestic waste incineration comprises the following steps:

[0025] a. Provide samples of domestic waste incineration fly ash to be tested; and divide the provided sample of domestic waste incineration fly ash to be tested into three parts for separate use; use sodium chloride to prepare chloride ion concentrations of 10 -1 mol / L, 10 -2 mol / L, 10 -3 mol / L, 10 -4 mol / L, 10 -5 mol / L chloride ion standard solution, respectively prepare calcium ion concentration as 10 with calcium chloride -1 mol / L, 10 -2 mol / L, 10 - 3mol / L, 10 -4 mol / L, 10 -5 mol / L calcium ion standard solution, the lead ion concentration is 10 respectively with lead nitrate -1 mol / L, 10 -2 mol / L, 10 -3 mol / L, 10 -4 mol / L, 10 -5 mol / L lead ion standard solution, configure saturated potassium nitrate solution with potassium nitrate;

[0026] b. Place the chloride ion electrode in step a ...

Embodiment 2

[0043] This embodiment is basically the same as Embodiment 1, especially in that:

[0044] In this example, the experimental test and verification analysis are carried out on each part of the sample prepared in the example. In order to further implement the technical effect of the technical solution of Example 1, the following examples are used to analyze the incineration fly ash of domestic waste provided in this example. A rapid detection method for the stability and toxicity of heavy metals, with a detailed description of the outstanding substantive features and significant progress:

[0045] Taking the chelated and stabilized domestic waste incineration fly ash produced by Shanghai Laogang Incineration Plant on December 23, 2016 as an example, the Pb content in the fly ash samples selected here accounts for 3‰ of the total mass of fly ash, and then artificially Adding 1‰, 2‰ and 3‰ of lead, a total of four gray samples were prepared, numbered ①, ②, ③, ④, and their lead con...

Embodiment 3

[0073] This embodiment is basically the same as Embodiment 1, especially in that:

[0074] In this embodiment, a rapid detection method for the stability and toxicity of heavy metals in fly ash from domestic waste incineration comprises the following steps:

[0075] a. This step is the same as in Embodiment 1;

[0076] B this step is identical with embodiment one;

[0077] c. This step is the same as in Embodiment 1;

[0078] d. This step is the same as in Embodiment 1;

[0079] e. This step is the same as in Embodiment 1;

[0080] f. Add 0.1ml of nitric acid with a mass percentage concentration of 68% to the solution obtained in the above step d, use magnetic stirring, control the rotating speed of the stirring bar to be 150-200r / min, and continue stirring for 1min to obtain the first mixed solution test solution;

[0081] g. This step is the same as in Embodiment 1;

[0082] h. This step is the same as in Embodiment 1;

[0083] i. This step is the same as in Embodiment...

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Abstract

The invention discloses a rapid detection method for the stability and the toxicity of heavy metals in domestic garbage incineration fly ash. The rapid detection method comprises the following steps: dividing a garbage fly ash to-be-determined sample into three parts; detecting solution pH and concentrations of lead ions, chloride ions and calcium ions after the first part of fly ash is mixed with water; detecting the acid neutralizing capacity by dropwise adding an acetic acid solution to be neutral after the second part of fly ash is mixed with the water; detecting the mass percentage of free calcium oxide in the fly ash through benzoic acid-anhydrous ethanol titration after the third part of fly ash is mixed with strontium nitrate and glycerol anhydrous ethanol; finally, comprehensively judging whether the stability of the heavy metals in the fly ash is qualified or not through a plurality of indicators obtained, namely whether the leaching toxicity is up to the standard or not. The rapid detection method disclosed by the invention has the benefits that the problems of long time, low efficiency and less possibility of on-site real-time supervision when a national standard GB leaching toxicity leaching method is used for judging the stability of the heavy metals in the fly ash entering a landfill are solved; a national standard method taking more than 18 hours is changed into a comprehensive judgment method taking less than 1 hour, so that the supervision efficiency of the stability of the heavy metals in the fly ash entering the landfill is effectively improved.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to a method for detecting pollution parameters of solid waste, in particular to a method for chemically detecting pollution parameters of domestic waste incineration fly ash, which is applied in the technical field of pollution control of domestic waste landfills. Background technique [0002] Municipal solid waste incineration fly ash is the material collected in the heat recovery system and flue gas purification system after domestic waste incineration, in which there are high levels of cadmium, lead, zinc, chromium and other harmful substances that can be leached by water. If not handled properly, heavy metals will migrate and pollute groundwater, soil and air. Therefore, waste incineration fly ash is included in the "National Hazardous Waste List", which belongs to hazardous waste and requires strict supervision and safe disposal. With the continuous growth of urban population, the increase of urban domestic waste, waste inci...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Applications(China)
IPC IPC(8): G01N33/00G01N27/27G01N21/78G01N1/38
CPCG01N1/38G01N21/78G01N27/27G01N33/00
Inventor 周吉峙陆旻刘畅陈林钱光人
Owner SHANGHAI UNIV
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