Amino polyether polyol and its preparation method and application

Abstract

Provided is an amine polyether polyol, a preparation method therefor, and an application thereof. The preparation method for an amine polyether polyol provided by the present invention comprises the following steps: performing a self-catalyzed reaction on an aqueous solution of amine and part of an olefin oxide; then adding a catalyst; and adding the remaining olefin oxide for epoxidation with the amine, wherein the amine contains 90% (by mass) or more of phenylenediamine. By using an aqueous solution of phenylenediamine, the present preparation method for an amine polyether polyol avoids a high-temperature melting step, reduces production times and improves production efficiency, and, because initiation can be controlled to be carried out at a relatively low temperature, a high-performance product having a low K value, high strength, and excellent demolding performance is obtained.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to an amino polyether polyol and a preparation method thereof, and also relates to a method for preparing polyurethane foam by using the amino polyether polyol. Background technique [0002] As we all know, polyether polyols are widely used in the preparation of polyurethane rigid foam materials, and can be used as heat insulation materials in refrigerators, freezers, cold storage and other products. [0003] At present, the commonly used polyether polyol is o-toluene diamine polyether polyol, because the price of its raw material o-toluene diamine has been rising all the way in recent years, resulting in high cost. Therefore, it is imperative to develop its substitutes. Phenylenediamine, especially o-phenylenediamine, is expected to be developed as a substitute because of its structure and properties close to that of o-toluenediamine. [0004] The currently known preparation techniques of o-phenylenediamine-based polyether poly...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

Due to the high melting temperature of this method, the stirring cannot be started, and the initial melting time of o-phenylenediamine is as many as several hours to more than ten hours, the production efficiency is low, and the cost is too high

In addition, due to the need for high-temperature melting, the stirring cannot be started, which will cause the local temperature of the raw materials to be too high, and side reactions such as carbonization and decomposition will occur, which will eventually lead to darker color and poorer quality of the final product

At the same time, under high temperature conditions, o-phenylenediamine will undergo serious sublimation phenomenon, and some o-phenylenediamines will adhere to the wall of the reactor after sublimation, and cannot participate in the reaction, which not only causes the loss of raw materials but also affects the indicators and quality of the final product

In addition, because o-phenylenediamine is attached to the wall of the kettle, it will also cause difficulties in the cleaning of the reactor, which will affect the production of the next kettle product.

In the subsequent application of polyurethane foam, defects such as irregular structure and low viscosity will also be caused by the high-temperature initial reaction used in the preparation of polyether polyol, which will lead to various indicators of the final polyurethane product, especially mold release, K value and compressive strength are not as good as polyurethane products prepared from o-toluenediamine polyether

[0005] CN200980108998.4 discloses a method for synthesizing polyether polyols using o-phenylenediamine as an initiator. This method needs to melt o-phenylenediamine at high temperature, and the initial reaction temperature is high, which makes it impossible to start stirring, and there are many side effects. reaction, and it is easy to cause the loss of raw materials, the obtained polyether polyol is not as good as the polyether polyol prepared by o-toluenediamine as the initiator in the performance of the existing polyurethane foam system

[0006] In addition, in the existing synthetic methods involving polyamines to prepare polyether polyols, solvents are rarely used, and water has never been used as solvents.

Because under normal circumstances, the addition of water will participate in the reaction of epoxy olefins to generate small molecular alcohols, which will seriously affect product quality.

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