Ultrasonic-assisted laser welding device and method

Abstract

The invention discloses an ultrasonic-assisted laser welding device and method. Two amplitude-change poles are separately connected with a laser head in a mechanical coupling mode, and the axes of thetwo amplitude-change poles are in the same plane and the two amplitude-change poles are perpendicular to each other; and based on the vibration composition principle, by controlling the phase difference of amplitude and vibration between two sets of ultrasonic vibration, a laser beam vibrates in a circular, oval or linear track, on one hand, the thermal compound effect of laser is strengthened, on the other hand, partial ultrasonic energy is introduced into a molten pool through the laser beam and the heat transfer and flow behavior of the molten pool are affected. The energy density of the laser beam is enhanced by the combined energy field of ultrasound and laser, and at the same time, the effect of high frequency vibration energy is affected to the molten pool, a weld joint is tight intexture, gas is precipitated thoroughly, grain is refined and alloying elements are distributed more evenly, and the quality of the weld joint is greatly improved. The invention relates to the ultrasonic-assisted laser welding device and method, and belongs to the technical field of high efficiency laser machining.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to an ultrasonic-assisted laser welding device and method, belonging to the technical field of high-efficiency laser processing. Background technique [0002] As a kind of high-energy beam welding technology, laser welding has the characteristics of high energy density, small welding heat input, fast welding speed, high degree of automation, small deformation of welding structure, strong accessibility and flexibility, etc., and has unique technical and economic advantages. , It has been widely used in aerospace, automobile manufacturing, light industry electronics and other fields. However, laser welding also faces challenges such as low energy conversion efficiency and large energy consumption; high requirements for the assembly accuracy of the workpiece; welding of materials with high reflectivity of the laser, and low actual utilization of the laser. These problems restrict the use of lasers in welding. further extension of th...

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Problems solved by technology

[0004] These patented methods introduce ultrasonic vibration into the molten pool through the workpiece or air, and use the cavitation effect and mechanical effect of the ultrasonic to improve the mechanical strength of the weld and reduce the stress of the weld, thereby improving the welding quality. The ultrasonic effect is limited to assisting the solidification process of liquid metal materials. It has no obvious effect on laser, that is, these patented methods essentially belong to the category of single laser energy welding

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