Cold region black soil multi-soil-layer water and fertilizer integrated drip irrigation control migration testing device and method

Abstract

The invention provides a cold region black soil multi-soil-layer water and fertilizer integrated drip irrigation control migration testing device and method. A soil column is filled in a layered modeto form a cold region multi-layer soil column, a water and fertilizer integrated drip irrigation control assembly controls an upper testing boundary, a water level automatic control device controls alower boundary, and the periphery of the wall of the soil column is a lateral seepage area. Monitoring sensing assemblies are installed in the soil layers, soil moisture, nutrients and temperature ofeach soil layer are monitored in real time to obtain lateral leakage and vertical leakage conditions of the moisture and the nutrients in the infiltration process of the water and fertilizer solution,and moisture exchange conditions of soil body drainage and underground water supply are monitored. Therefore, the soil water and fertilizer solution migration process and the mutual supply relationship between soil water and underground water are analyzed, the water and fertilizer infiltration rule and two-dimensional leakage characteristics of the black soil multilayer soil in the cold region are determined, and the water, fertilizer and heat effects in the farmland soil water and fertilizer migration process under multiple situations of water and fertilizer integrated drip irrigation are obtained. And further the combination mode of the optimal fertilization amount, the drip irrigation water amount and the groundwater level for efficient utilization of water and fertilizer is determined.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of drip irrigation soil water and fertilizer migration testing, and in particular relates to a drip irrigation control migration testing device and method for multi-soil black soil in cold regions. Background technique [0002] Drip irrigation technology has gradually become a relatively mainstream irrigation technology in my country's farmland irrigation in recent years. It can give full play to its advantages after it is integrated with fertilization. It can directly deliver the water and fertilizer solution to the roots of crops, and can effectively reduce the infiltration and surface runoff. Water and nutrient loss to improve crop water and nutrient use efficiency, can accurately control the amount of water irrigation and chemical fertilizer use to improve water and fertilizer use efficiency, which is an effective means of saving water and fertilizer in farmland, and at the same time It also has a great im...

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Problems solved by technology

[0003] The migration of water and solutes in soil is the basis for studying the migration, transformation and utilization of farmland water and fertilizer. At present, the research on soil moisture movement and solute migration is mainly field experiments and laboratory experiments. Although field experiments can better understand the actual water and fertilizer in farmland. Sports, but because of many uncontrollable factors, difficult control of test conditions, long test period, and difficulty in repeated tests, the regional differences in test results are obviously not applicable to other regions; indoor test research is relatively mature, and has certain controllability and controllability. Repeatability, short test cycle and other advantages

At the same time, the research on soil water and fertilizer transport mostly focuses on the study of soil water movement process, while the research on soil solute transport process is less, and the research on soil water and fertilizer integrated transport process is even scarcer.

[0004] At present, according to a large number of field experiments, it has been found that black soil in the cold region of Northeast China has obvious stratification in the vertical direction, and the special temperature changes in the cold region have led to changes in soil physical and chemical properties and soil quality, making the stratified soil of black soil in the cold region The migration and transformation of soil water and fertilizer has certain particularities. There are complex processes such as vertical and lateral two-dimensional seepage and soil temperature changes in each layer in the process of soil water and fertilizer migration. Insufficient and more focused on one-dimensional research, lack of two-dimensional scale research, it is difficult to truly and accurately reflect the water-fertilizer-heat effect in the process of soil water and fertilizer migration in black soil fields in cold regions, so it is necessary to have field soils in cold regions that are more in line with reality Research device and method of water and fertilizer transport

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