This invention provides a
transformer fault diagnosis method and
system based on multi-
physics coupling and digital twin embedding, belonging to the field of
power equipment condition monitoring technology. The method includes: collecting and preprocessing multi-
source data on
transformer vibration, leakage flux, temperature, and oil
chromatography; constructing a digital twin of the
transformer; deriving a health baseline value; comparing the measured values with the health baseline value; calculating the multi-
physics residual sequence; extracting features from each
physical field residual sequence; constructing a multi-
physics coupling feature map; adaptively fusing features from the
coupling feature map based on an attention mechanism; diagnosing the fault type and location through a
physical information neural network; applying physical consistency loss constraints; and finally performing closed-
loop optimization and model updating, using new samples to achieve digital twin correction. This invention achieves deep multi-physics fusion, embedding physical mechanisms into a data-driven model, improving the accuracy,
interpretability, and early warning capabilities of fault diagnosis.