276 results about "Edge effects" patented technology

Edge effects in electro-optic displays are reduced by (a) ensuring that during rewriting of the display, the last period of non-zero voltage applied all pixels terminates at substantially the same time; and (b) scanning the display at a scan rate of at least 50 Hz.

Edge effects in electro-optic displays are reduced by (a) ensuring that during rewriting of the display, the last period of non-zero voltage applied all pixels terminates at substantially the same time; and (b) scanning the display at a scan rate of at least 50 Hz.

A signal modification technique facilitates compact voice coding by employing a continuous, rather than piece-wise continuous, time warp contour to modify an original residual signal to match an idealized contour, avoiding edge effects caused by prior art techniques. Warping is executed using a continuous warp contour lacking spatial discontinuities which does not invert or overly distend the positions of adjacent end points in adjacent frames. The linear shift implemented by the warp contour is derived via quadratic approximation or other method, to reduce the complexity of coding to allow for practical and economical implementation. In particular, the algorithm for determining the warp contour uses only a subset of possible contours contained within a sub-range of the range of possible contours. The relative correlation strengths from these contours are modeled as points on a polynomial trace and the optimum warp contour is calculated by maximizing the modeling function.

An array of ring electrodes or a wire electrode is mounted about the outside surface of the distal end of the ablation catheter. Substantially all of the outer surface of each ring or wire electrode is covered by an electrically insulating coating. The insulating surface coating on each ring defines a contoured opening in the insulating surface coating that exposes the conductive band or wire beneath. An array of contoured openings are formed along a wire electrode. The insulating coating mitigates potential edge effects that create hot spots and can result in unwanted tissue damage during an ablation procedure.

A device includes a crystalline material within an area confined by an insulator. In one embodiment, the area confined by the insulator is an opening in the insulator having an aspect ratio sufficient to trap defects using an ART technique. Method and apparatus embodiments of the invention can reduce edge effects in semiconductor devices. Embodiments of the invention can provide a planar surface over a buffer layer between a plurality of uncoalesced ART structures.

A resonator, a filter, and a duplexer are provided which are capable of very effectively suppressing the power loss caused by the edge effect, and which allow a great reduction in the overall size to be achieved. Also, a communication device including the above-mentioned filter or duplexer is provided. A ground electrode is formed over the bottom surface of a dielectric substrate, and a multiple spiral line pattern is formed on the top surface thereof. A radial line pattern is further formed on this surface with an insulation layer interposed therebetween. By thus disposing the radial pattern adjacently to the multiple spiral resonator constituted of the above-mentioned multiple spiral line, an electrostatic capacitance is added to the multiple spiral resonator. This reduces the occupation area of the resonator on the substrate, and improves the loss reduction effect.

A personal entertainment system is disclosed for providing multiple electronic applications for gaming, education, entertainment, business and interaction among users. It includes a cabinet with a user control panel. One or more display screens display a plurality of features singularly and concurrently. Multiple devices provide user input, output, and interaction such as programmable function keys, at least one touch screen, ticket in and ticket out, receipt printing, and television via satellite, cable or other connection, and a dedicated advertising screen with its own associated interaction button. One or more secured cashless devices activate the system and access a user's account for credits, payments, and other selective information. A 3 dimensional stereo sound system and microphone input is provided to enhance selected applications. Edge effect lighting along the cabinet enhances appearance, highlights particular systems and provides system status information. An optional chair includes other devices for sound, game control, and comfort.

Implants configured for corneal implantation are disclosed that have a light transmitting portion and a light-blocking portion disposed about the periphery of the implant. The implant can be an elongate member, such as a split or continuous ring, that can be implanted in the cornea to alter the refractive properties of the cornea by altering the curvature of the anterior surface of the cornea, thereby providing corrective refraction. The light-blocking portion can reduce edge effects, which may be visible or distracting to the patient.

A hydrodynamically lubricating geometry for the generally circular dynamic sealing lip of rotary seals that are employed to partition a lubricant from an environment. The dynamic sealing lip is provided for establishing compressed sealing engagement with a relatively rotatable surface, and for wedging a film of lubricating fluid into the interface between the dynamic sealing lip and the relatively rotatable surface in response to relative rotation that may occur in the clockwise or the counter-clockwise direction. A wave form incorporating an elongated dimple provides the gradual convergence, efficient impingement angle, and gradual interfacial contact pressure rise that are conducive to efficient hydrodynamic wedging. Skewed elevated contact pressure zones produced by compression edge effects provide for controlled lubricant movement within the dynamic sealing interface between the seal and the relatively rotatable surface, producing enhanced lubrication and low running torque.

The method comprises: shooting multi pictures with different exposure levels at same scene; according to the response curve of camera, portioning the each picture into several blocks; selecting the blocks having the most information to make block combination; using a fusion function to remove the edge effects between blocks to finally get an enhanced picture with wide dynamical range.

The invention relates to a capacitive touch screen for improving the edge touch sensitive accuracy and a method for eliminating edge effect by compensating coordinate data of a touch position. The touch screen comprises plate electrode groups in the same plane or belonging to different planes, and under normal working conditions, the plate electrode groups form equivalent capacitance arrays by mutual orthogonal of rectangular strip-shaped equivalent plate electrodes in the plane of the touch screen. The width of the equivalent plate electrodes positioned at the edge of the touch screen in theequivalent capacitance arrays is smaller than the width of the equivalent plate electrodes which are positioned in the middle of the touch screen and arranged along the same direction of the equivalent plate electrodes. The invention reduces the width of the equivalent plate electrodes at the edge, increases the information quantity retrievable by the touch action on the edge of the touch screen,improves the sensitivity of the edge of the touch screen, reduces the error of center coordinate data, and solves the problem of edge effect of the touch screen; and in addition, by applying the method for compensating the coordinate data of the touch position provided by the invention, the touch accuracy at the edge of the touch screen is further improved.

A method of simulating a differential gloss image includes providing a background and a gloss effect image. The gloss effect image is configured for controlling the selective application of first and second halftones to the background image for creation of a differential gloss image when the background image is printed. A mask based on the background image is formed in which regions of mid-tone gray level are accentuated. An edge effect filter may be applied to the gloss effect image to form a filtered gloss effect image. The mask is applied to the filtered gloss effect image to generate a background modified filtered gloss effect image. The background modified filtered gloss effect image is applied to the background image to generate a representation which simulates the differential gloss image.

A method of fabricating on chip metal-to-metal capacitors (MMCAP) uses planar processing with a flexible choice of dielectric, thickness and capacitor shape. The method provides a simpler process which has a better yield and more reliable structure by creating a metal-to-metal capacitor on a planar surface, not in deep trenches. In addition to the process simplicity, the method also allows the use of any dielectric materials which are needed by the product designer; e.g., higher or lower dielectric constant and also not limited by high etch rate difference. Because the inventive process is a planar process, there are no corners in the bottom of deep trenches to cause yield and reliability problems. The capacitor area can be adjusted to any shape because there are no edge effects.

A scintillator, for use in a radiation imaging device, has a light-emitting face, a radiation receiving face, and a perimeter extending between the light-emitting face and the radiation receiving face, the perimeter including an edge, the edge having an edge thickness. The scintillator emits scintillation light from the light emitting face in response to radiation incident on the radiation receiving face. The scintillator has one or more light guides formed within a peripheral region of the scintillator proximate to the edge. The light guides can improve the positional accuracy of a radiation imaging device including the scintillator.

The invention provides a flaw detection method and device of a printed circuit board and detection equipment. The flaw detection method of the printed circuit board comprises the following steps: dividing an image to be detected of a printed circuit board to be detected into a plurality of sub-region images to be detected according to physical properties; detecting the sub-region images to be detected corresponding to the physical properties according to the physical properties; and judging whether the printed circuit board to be detected has flaws or not. By dividing the image to be detected of the printed circuit board to be detected into the plurality of sub-region images to be detected according to the physical properties, the images corresponding to the same physical property in the printed circuit board to be detected can be located in the same sub-region image to be detected and a phenomenon that the images are divided into the two different sub-region images to be detected to cause leaked detection by a partitioning edge effect is avoided, so that the flaw detection is relatively accurate.

This invention is about the directly repair shape method, belongs to the manufacturing process of the gear wheel. This can make out the fixed-shape gear wheel straightly by numerical control machine, and no need to fix any more. The process is that: ensuring the fixed-magnitude, the max fix-length of the tooth profile and the longitudinal. It uses the three-dimensional shaping CAD software to build the four theoretical involutes. It has the tip relief by using conjugate gear three-dimensional model. It transforms the fixed-shape gear three-dimensional model into numerical code inputting, and then the numerical machine can directly fix the blank. This invention is easy to carry out, and can reduce the noise and shake, and at the same time it can reduce the edge-effect.

A method for computer-aided detection of microcalcification clusters using a digital computer obtains digital mammography data for a single view image and normalizes and filters the image data to reduce noise. A first mask is generated and applied to the image data for defining the breast structure, forming a first cropped image. A second mask is generated and applied to the image data for defining muscle structure, forming a second cropped image. An artifact mask corresponding to vascular calcifications and known imaging artifacts is generated and applied to the first and second cropped images, defining first and second artifact-masked cropped images. In a repeated sequence, portions of each artifact-masked cropped image are processed using an enhancement algorithm and reducing edge effects to obtain a set of microcalcification cluster candidates and suspected microcalcification clusters. Image processing algorithms remove false positives from the listing of microcalcification clusters and classify candidate microcalcification clusters to identify true positives.

One embodiment disclosed pertains to a method for inspecting a substrate. The method includes inserting the substrate into a holding place of a substrate holder, moving the substrate holder under an electron beam, and applying a voltage to a conductive element of the substrate holder. The voltage applied to the conductive element reduces a substrate edge effect. Another embodiment disclosed relates to an apparatus for holding a substrate that reduces a substrate edge effect. The apparatus includes a holding place for insertion of the substrate and a conductive element. The conductive element is positioned so as to be located within a gap between an edge of the holding place and an edge of the substrate.

A hydrodynamically lubricating geometry for the generally circular dynamic sealing lip of rotary seals that are employed to partition a lubricant from an environment. The dynamic sealing lip is provided for establishing compressed sealing engagement with a relatively rotatable surface, and for wedging a film of lubricating fluid into the interface between the dynamic sealing lip and the relatively rotatable surface in response to relative rotation that may occur in the clockwise or the counter-clockwise direction. A wave form incorporating an elongated dimple provides the gradual convergence, efficient impingement angle, and gradual interfacial contact pressure rise that are conducive to efficient hydrodynamic wedging. Skewed elevated contact pressure zones produced by compression edge effects provide for controlled lubricant movement within the dynamic sealing interface between the seal and the relatively rotatable surface, producing enhanced lubrication and low running torque.

A method and apparatus for enhanced THz radiation coupling to molecules, includes the steps of depositing a test material near the discontinuity edges of a slotted member, and enhancing the THz radiation by transmitting THz radiation through the slots. The molecules of the test material are illuminated by the enhanced THz radiation that has been transmitted through the slots, thereby producing an increased coupling of EM radiation in the THz spectral range to said material. The molecules can be bio-molecules, explosive materials, or species of organisms. The slotted member can be a semiconductor film, a metallic film, in particular InSb, or layers thereof. THz detectors sense near field THz radiation that has been transmitted through said slots and the test material.

It is an object of the present invention to provide a process unit and an image forming apparatus in which generation of loss of image density due to flying off of developer and the edge effect occurring as a side-effect under developing conditions aimed at improving development performance can be reduced, even when a DC bias development system is adopted, and which can suppress developing density unevenness caused by impact occurring on contact of the teeth of gears in the drive system.

A signal modification technique facilitates compact voice coding by employing a continuous, rather than piece-wise continuous, time warp contour to modify an original residual signal to match an idealized contour, avoiding edge effects caused by prior art techniques. Warping is executed using a continuous warp contour lacking spatial discontinuities which does not invert or overly distend the positions of adjacent end points in adjacent frames. The linear shift implemented by the warp contour is derived via quadratic approximation or other method, to reduce the complexity of coding to allow for practical and economical implementation. In particular, the algorithm for determining the warp contour uses only a subset of possible contours contained within a sub-range of the range of possible contours. The relative correlation strengths from these contours are modeled as points on a polynomial trace and the optimum warp contour is calculated by maximizing the modeling function.

The invention relates to a plasma processing apparatus and a method for adjusting a process rate of a marginal area of a substrate. The plasma processing apparatus comprises a cavity, a pedestal arranged in the cavity, a gas spay header arranged at the top of the cavity, a lower electrode arranged in the pedestal, a focusing ring arranged around the substrate, an edge electrode, and a phase shifter. To be specific, an electrostatic chuck is arranged above the pedestal; and a substrate is arranged above the electrostatic chuck. The gas spay header is used as an upper electrode; and process gas enters the cavity through the gas spay header. The lower electrode is connected with a first radio frequency power supply. The edge electrode approaches the edge area of the substrate and is connected with a second radio frequency power supply. And the phase shifter is connected with the first radio frequency power supply and the second radio frequency power supply. According to the invention, the edge effect can be effectively compensated; and phenomena of arc discharging and sparking due to the short distance between voltages applied to the central zone and the edge zone of the substrate can be avoided.

An edge ring for use in batch thermal processing of wafers supported on a vertical tower within a furnace. The edge rings are have a width approximately overlapping the periphery of the wafers and are detachably supported on the towers equally spaced between the wafer to reduce thermal edge effects. The edge rings have may have internal or external recesses to interlock with structures on or adjacent the fingers of the tower legs supporting the wafers or one or more steps formed on the lateral sides of the edge ring may slide over and then fall below a locking ledge associated with the support fingers. Preferably, the tower and edge ring and other parts of the furnace adjacent the hot zone are composed of silicon.

An apparatus and method of maintaining a time-constant heat load on a lithography mirror. The mirror includes a resistive layer formed on a substrate, contacts for coupling a power supply to the resistive layer, an insulating sublayer formed on the resistive layer, a polished layer formed on the insulating layer, and a reflective layer formed on the polished layer. The time-constant heat load on the lithography mirror is maintained by placing an additional electrical heat load on the mirror according to the actinic heat load transmitted by the mask. Maintaining the time-constant heat load can reduce or eliminate variation in image distortion that occurs as a result of changes in actinic heat load on the lithography mirror. Independent temperature control can be used to mitigate “cold-edge effect.”

A resonator can provide good loss characteristics by effectively suppressing power losses due to an edge effect. In addition, a filter, a duplexer, and a communication device incorporating the resonator are formed. In the resonator, a plurality of spiral lines are disposed on a surface of a dielectric substrate in such a manner that the inner and outer ends of the lines are aligned respectively along an inner periphery and an outer periphery which are centered around a central point on the substrate so that the lines do not cross each other. With this arrangement, the edge effect in the spiral lines is substantially canceled, by which power losses due to the edge effect can be effectively suppressed.

A scintillator, for use in a radiation imaging device, has a light-emitting face, a radiation receiving face, and a perimeter extending between the light-emitting face and the radiation receiving face, the perimeter including an edge, the edge having an edge thickness. The scintillator emits scintillation light from the light emitting face in response to radiation incident on the radiation receiving face. The scintillator has one or more light guides formed within a peripheral region of the scintillator proximate to the edge. The light guides can improve the positional accuracy of a radiation imaging device including the scintillator.

A method and device for filtering an input signal containing wanted signal components and unwanted signal components, wherein the signal is modeled as a set of polynomials. Polynomials from the set are identified to model the unwanted signal components. These unwanted signal components are removed from the input signal by removing the polynomials identified as modeling the unwanted signal components from the set of polynomials to thereby leave in the input signal only the wanted signal components. According to an alternative, polynomials from the set are identified to model the wanted signal components, and the polynomials identified as modeling the wanted signal components are outputted as an estimate of the wanted signal components substantially free from the unwanted signal components. According to another aspect, a weighting factor indicative of signal strength is determined for each polynomial and these weighting factors are summed to provide an estimate of the strength of the input signal.