Seed production method for three-line hybrid wheat through precision hole sowing

Abstract

The invention provides a seed production method for three-line hybrid wheat through precision hole sowing. The seed production method comprises the following steps of (1) mixing at least two lines in a multi-line sterile line into a restoring line; (2) setting sowing parameters of precise hole sowing; (3) carrying out supplementary pollination; and (4) mechanically harvesting. According to the seed production method, a precise hole sowing method is adopted, on the premise that restoring line seeds with a low proportion are mixed, the mixed restoring line seeds are accurately distributed in seed production rows, the distances between seed holes are consistent, the distances between male parent plants and female parent plants are closer, wheat individuals and groups are evenly distributed in space, the growth and development processes are the same, the development of tillering ears and main stem ears of male and female parents is basically consistent, and a female parent sterile line is in close full contact with pollen of male parents in a flowering stage of the male parents, so that the outcrossing maturing rate of female parents is increased, the seed production purity is ensured, the high seed production yield is obtained, and the seed production cost is reduced.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the technical field of wheat seed production, in particular to a seed production method for precision hole sowing of three-line hybrid wheat. Background technique [0002] As a staple food, wheat is widely planted around the world, and China's annual wheat planting area has reached about 360 million mu. As the global population continues to increase, the per capita arable land area is gradually decreasing, and the problem of food security has gradually become prominent. Utilization of heterosis is a common phenomenon in the biological world, and the utilization of heterosis in wheat will be the only way at present and in the future. The main bottlenecks in the utilization of heterosis in wheat are the selection of strong dominant combinations and the efficiency of hybrid seed production. [0003] At present, there are three kinds of seed production methods for wheat hybrid seed production: row ratio method, sowing width ratio...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

In order to ensure the purity of the hybrids during harvesting, the female parent and the male parent are harvested separately, the male parent is harvested manually, and the female parent is harvested mechanically, resulting in low harvest efficiency and high harvest costs

2. Sowing ratio method: 2 seeders are used for seed production, 1 sowing width for the male parent, 2 to 3 sowing widths for the female parent, sow the female parent and the male parent respectively. The female parent has a wider sowing width, which leads to a longer distance between the female parent and the male parent in the middle rows, and the female parent's outcross seed setting rate is reduced

When harvesting, two harvesters are used to harvest the male parent seeds and the hybrid seeds respectively. In a certain seed production area, due to the large area of ​​the male parent, the yield of the hybrid seeds per unit area is low, and the final seed production cost is high.

3. Mixed sowing seed production method: Mix different proportions of restorer male seeds into the female parent seeds of the sterile line. The ratio of male parent seeds mixed determines the yield of the female parent. The seed yield is higher, but the purity of the seeds is lower. When the proportion of the mixed restorer line is small, the hybrid seed production is higher but the yield is lower, because the distance between the restorer line and the sterile line is related to the outcross seed setting rate of the sterile line. Inversely proportional

On the other hand, wheat drills are used for mixed seeding production, and the seeding mechanism uses a disc-type ditch opener to make grooves, and a gear-type seed picker takes seeds. Control, resulting in uneven planting, low emergence rate in the field, lack of seedlings and broken rows, resulting in uneven distribution of individual space, uneven distance between the male parent plant and the female parent plant, and the lack of seedlings in the male parent will also lead to low seed production yield

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