64 results about "Outcrossing" patented technology

The invention discloses a breeding method of a cotton cytoplasmic male sterile line. The method comprises the steps of hybridizing cotton Thurber's cotton (G.thurbtri) and upland cotton (G.hirsutum), selecting a sterile plant from filial generation; then carrying out backcross on the sterile plant, peach and an insect resistant material 6001, thereby obtaining the cotton cytoplasmic male sterile line after 12 generations of male sterile backcross transformation for at least seven years. The cotton cytoplasmic male sterile line screened and cultivated by the method disclosed by the invention is consistent in agronomic trait, stable and through in incompatibility, insect-resistant, and disease-resistant; the restorer recovery rate is 100%; the outcrossing rate is 91.2%; and the breeding method has wide development prospect and better utilization value.

The invention provides a new form of vegetative propagating material, referred to as “the grass plantlet”, as well as a method for producing it. The new vegetative planting material and the method by which it is obtained make it possible to replicate and increase both warm and cool season grasses more rapidly than by the conventional methods of seeding, sprigging, or plugging. Three to five new, clean, and pure generations of a newly developed seeded or vegetative cultivar can be obtained each year. Outcrossing, the need for burning and possibly for herbicide use are eliminated by the present invention. The present methodology embodies a sterile production system resulting in grass plantlets that are free of nematodes, pathogenic fungi, and damaging insects. The method of the invention has the capacity to rapidly reproduce and to maintain the genetic purity of promising new cultivars that would otherwise be discarded because they are sterile hybrids, low seed producers, sterile direct DNA transfers, or cross pollinated non-apomicts.

The invention belongs to the field of heterosis utilization, and particularly discloses a method for producing hybrid rice seeds Chuanxiangzhan. The hybrid rice seeds Chuanxiangzhan are new three-line early rice compositions produced by hybridizing a cytoplasmic male sterile line Chuanxiang 29A and a restorer line Huazhan, wherein the female parent Chuanxiang 29A is a high-quality and pyricularia oryzae-resistant aromatic indica sterile line commonly bred by the crop research institute of Sichuan academy of agricultural sciences and Sichuan Huafeng seed industry Co., Ltd., and has good flowering habit and high outcrossing rate; and the male parent restorer line Huazhan is an inbred line. The hybrid seeds have the characteristics of high yield, stable production, high disease resistance and high biological yield.

The invention discloses a rapid propagation method of radish breeding material. The method comprises the following steps: (S010), mesh enclosure setting up, namely respectively matching, assembling, connecting and fixing long rods, cross rods, vertical columns, three-way connecting rings and vertical column bases; (S020) radish parent material planting, namely respectively, sequentially and intensively planting male parent and female reproduced by parent of radish sterile line and radish hybridized combination according to a certain line number; (S030) radish flowering phase management, namely removing heteromorphic plant after transplanted radish plant survives, removing fertile plant and keeping sterile plant for a sterile line from radish bolting to an initial flowering phase, keeping completely fertile plant with typical shapes and normal floral organs for maintainer line and male parent line, and applying insecticide for one time 7 to 10 days before osmia is released; (S040) osmia release and management, namely putting osmia into a mesh enclosure in the initial flower stage of radish, ensuring that osmia performs open pollination, and recycling and storing the osmia after pollination; and (S050) seed harvesting. The method is simple to operate and low in cost, and can obviously improve the seed output.

The invention discloses a method for creating a novel recovery system of brassica napus type rape heterogenic leaves. The method comprises the following steps: selecting excellent brassica napus type rape restorer line for performing microspore culture, performing inducing and doubling treatment by 0.02-0.2% colchicine during a culture period to obtain a heterogenic leaf mutant strain; self-crossing the mutant strain by two generations, selecting an individual plant from a segregation population without mutant characters; then, taking the original excellent brassica napus type rape restorer liner as a recurrent parent for performing backcrossing and self-crossing, and selectively breeding the novel heterogenic leaf restorer line from the next-generation segregation population to form a novel strong superiority hybrid combined rape variety with a sterile line. The method disclosed by the invention can be used for effectively improving the seed production purity and the seed production yield, lowering the seed production and the seed production risk, and is free of need of isolation. The excellent restorer line is used at the initial stage for performing genetic improvement on the mutant strain, and a sterile line blood relationship is not introduced, and therefore, the method is beneficial for performing population division on the sterile line restorer line, and easily screening and preparing the strong superiority hybridized combination.

The invention discloses a simplified seed production method of small-grain hybrid rice and a small-grain hybrid seed. The simplified seed production method comprises the following steps: 1) cultivating strong seedlings by using Bing 4114 as a male parent; 2) directly sowing the small-grain sterile line Zhuo 201S serving as a female parent in a field, and throwing the male parent subjected to seedling strengthening in the step 1) into the field with the female parent; and 3) after maturity, harvesting the male parent and the female parent in a mixed manner, and screening and separating to obtain the small-grain hybrids. According to the simplified seed production method of the small-grain hybrid rice, disclosed by the invention, the Bing 4114 with high combining ability, strong disease resistance and homozygous genotype is selected as the male parent, and the small-grain sterile line Zhuo 201S with high stigma exsertion rate, good outcrossing characteristic and excellent agronomic traits is selected as the female parent for mixed sowing hybrid seed production; the high-yield, high-quality and disease-resistant rice small-grain hybrid seeds are obtained, male parents and female parents of the small-grain hybrid seeds are subjected to mixed sowing and mixed harvesting, male parent and female parent seed separation is achieved in combination with screening and separation, and therefore simplified seed production of the small-grain hybrid seeds is achieved.

The invention discloses a gene PAC1 for regulation and control of rice panicle from common wild rice and its protein, and an application of the gene PAC1 and the protein in regulation and control of rice panicle. The application provided by the invention is the application of protein composed by an amino acid sequence shown in a sequence 2 in a sequence table in regulation and control of rice panicle property. The invention also relates to a method for culturing the transgenic rice having panicle ears property, which comprises the following steps: encoding gene composed of the amino acid sequence shown in the sequence 2 in the sequence table is introduced into target paddy rice to obtain the transgenic rice through overexpression of the encoding gene, compared with the target paddy rice, the panicle ears of the transgenic rice are loosening. The experiment proves that the protein composed of the amino acid sequence shown in the sequence 2 in the sequence table enables the rice panicle to turn loose, and is in favor of increasing outcrossing rate and increasing the seed production output of hybrid rice.

The invention provides a bubble eye breeding method which comprises the following steps that 1, a breeding pond is selected, wherein the breeding pond is built in a ventilated place exposed to the sun and sufficient in water source; 2, fish fry is bred, wherein blood worms and matched feeds are adopted for feeding; 3, the fish fry is screened, wherein individuals excellent in posture, body type, color and luster are selected, and individuals having crease marks at tails, abnormal bubbles, defective eyes or heteromorphism are removed; 4, daily management is performed; 5, diseases are prevented and controlled, wherein bacillus liquid and furacilin liquid are sprayed at regular intervals to prevent diseases. The bubble eye breeding method adopts the blood worms and matched feeds for feeding, so that fish bodies are bright in color and luster and rapidly grow. The breeding density is reduced and the feed and breeding costs are also saved through reasonable screening. The furacilin sprayed at regular intervals can prevent gill rot and bleeding diseases, and the bacillus liquid used at regular intervals can purify water and promote feed digestion to achieve higher breeding benefits.

The invention relates to a red leaf marking restoring line and a three-line crossbreed selection and breeding method of the red leaf marking restoring line. Silver cotton II serves as a female parent, a red leaf marking parent 96-67 serves as a male parent, an F1 generation and an F2 generation are planted, red-leaf fertility plants are selected from the F2 generation and are harvested, an F3 generation is planted, red-leaf fertility plants are selected from the F3 generation, four-generation selfing is continuously carried out, plant lines with separated sterile lines are eliminated, and five single plants finally selected from a red-leaf plant line serve as male parents; fertilization is conducted on a cytoplasmic sterile line 4PB404A to acquire a crossbreed cotton, after the cross breed cotton blooms, pollen scattering conditions of the plants are detected, restoration ratio is calculated, a red leaf marking restoring line 11HF106R with the restoration ratio reaching 100% is selected and bred, test cross is conducted on the red leaf marking restoring line 11HF106R and twenty-six cytoplasmic sterile lines, cotton Lumianyan 28 serves as comparison, a marking three-line combination 25MA*11HF106R which is good in production increasing effect is selected and bred. The method resists the risks of sterile plants caused by natural outcrossing, improves variety purity, completely utilizes crossbreed advantages, increases seed producing yield, reduces seed producing cost and improves production efficiency.

The invention discloses a chemical male sterilant composition of cruciferae crops and an application method thereof. The chemical male sterilant composition is prepared by uniformly mixing bensulfuron methyl and isoproturon in a certain ratio. When the chemical male sterilant composition is sprayed in the 'flat head' period of rape, the male killing of the cruciferae rape is thorough, the male abortion rate is 100 percent, the pistil fertility is normal, no adverse effect is caused to growth and development of plants, the outcrossing rate is normal, and the seed hybrid rate is 100 percent. The male sterilant performs 'chemical impurity removal' in rape recessive nucleus male sterile seed production, 'chemical control of micro powder' in cytoplasm male sterile seed production and 'chemical breeding' of common rape varieties. The chemical male sterilant composition of the invention has the advantages of simple method, low production cost, environmental friendliness, easy application and easy popularization.

The invention discloses a method for producing a hybrid soybean by utilizing aboriginal pollination media, and relates to a production technology of hybrid seeds of crops, which is used for solving the problems that technical efficiency is low, cost is higher and industrialization is difficult in the existing hybrid soybean seed production technology. The method disclosed by the invention comprises the following steps: (1) breeding male parents with high outcrossing rate: continuously planting the male parents with average nectar volume of 20.10mm and dioptric strength of nectar of 22.85 for 2-3 years on a hybrid soybean seed production base to be established, and carrying out mass pollination by using any aboriginal pollination media; and (2) hybrid seed production: planting female parents and male parents of male sterile lines in an interlacing manner on the seed production base on which the male parents are continuously planted for 2-3 years, and carrying out mass pollination by using any one or more than one of the aboriginal pollination media (shown in the specification). By adopting the method discloses by the invention, natural outcrossing rate can reach 70-100%, seed production yield per Mu reaches 62.4-83.5kg, cost is low, and efficiency is high, thus industrialization can be realized.

This invention describes a new method to increase grain yields in any crop plant by modifying pollination to effect an increase in grain yield, a change in grain content or characteristics, a decrease in contamination, or a combination of these attributes. The process involves the intentional delivery of pollen of the male plant at will, as available either in a preserved pollen bank, or real-time collection from male plants as they become available, in a growth chamber for example. Desired pollen is delivered to fertile females. The delivered pollen^M is in such amounts and fortuitously timed that it preferentially pollinates the females and optionally, avoids or enhances self-pollination or pollination from neighboring plants. The intentional delivery of genetically different pollen will result in increased heterosis and accompanying grain yield increases resulting from increased grain size and the potential to influence grain content and constituents. The invention also permits real-time agronomic decision making in order to maximize grain yield by overcoming biotic and abiotic challenges in the growing season which may or may not have been anticipated. The intentional delivery of self- or sib-pollen results in a decrease in contamination from undesirable outcrossing.

The invention discloses a method for improving the eggplant hybrid seed production purity. The method comprises the following steps: covering buds with absorbent cotton to carry out isolation breeding of parents in order to make the purity of the parents reach the requirements of stock seeds; determining the combining ability of a hybrid combination to facilitate the selection of an excellent combination with high fruit setting rate and high quantity of seeds per fruit; determining the seed production period to provide best climate conditions for emasculation pollination; reasonably closely planting seedlings, and determining a suitable planting density and a planting proportion according to the plant heights of the male and female parents in order to ensure the seed production output and benefit; adjusting parent plants: adjusting the male parent plants to facilitate the obtaining of sufficient pollen, and adjusting the male parent plants to facilitate the determination of the best seed production position and the hybridization capacity and increase the quantity of the seeds per fruit; and picking and drying anthers, and preparing and storing pollens to ensure the obtaining the pollens with high quality and strong vitality. The method has the advantages of one-shot completion emasculation, pollination, bud covering and marking, reduction of the production cost, avoiding of out-crossing of honeybees and other insects, and breaking of the seed production difficulties of high outcrossing rate and low purity.

The invention discloses a breeding method for a sterile line of two-line japonica rice with high outcrossing rate, belonging to the technical field of plant breeding. The breeding method is characterized by breeding a sterile line of japonica rice with high stigma exsertion rate firstly, and then crossbreeding the sterile line with a sterile line of two-line japonica rice with excellent characters, thereby breeding a sterile line of two-line japonica rice with high stigma exsertion rate, high outcrossing rate and excellent characters. The breeding method comprises the following steps: (1) breeding a sterile line of japonica rice with high stigma exsertion rate and high outcrossing rate; and (2) crossbreeding the sterile line of japonica rice with high stigma exsertion rate with a sterile line of two-line japonica rice with excellent characters, thereby breeding a sterile line of two-line japonica rice with high stigma exsertion rate, high outcrossing rate and excellent characters. The breeding method has the advantages that the high stigma exsertion rate and high outcrossing rate are obtained, multiplication production and seed production obtain great breakthrough, the innovation of breeding of the sterile line of two-line japonica rice is realized, the sterile line is low in fertility temperature, stable in infertility, excellent in outcrossing property, good in restorability and strong in combining ability and can be widely applied to matching and breeding of new combinations of hybrid japonica rice, and at present, a combination of Li japonica rice 52S is subjected to regional trial in many provinces.

The invention belongs to the technical field of plant breeding and provides a breeding method for a 50% male sterile line of oat to transform a variety of novel sterile materials and to overcome the problems that an original CA male sterile strain is only applicable to preparation of early-maturing hybrid combination due to a low outcrossing rate and a short growth period and only applicable to preparation of lodging-resistant hybridization combination due to its shortness. According to the invention, the original CA male sterile strain is used as a female parent, and varieties of different types are used as male parents so as to obtain an F1 generation; an oat male sterile strain is used as a female parent, the F1 generation is used as a male parent, and hybridization is carried out to obtain an F2 generation; sterile strains and fertile strains in the colony of the F2 generation are hybridized so as to obtain the 50% male sterile line of oat, and above-mentioned operation is repeatedly carried out so as to obtain a 1/2 sterile colony with different target properties and different characteristics. The original CA male sterile strain is reconstructed so as to transform a variety of novel sterile materials, a separation ratio of the sterile strains to the fertile strains in the colony is 1:1, and a foundation is laid for creation of a later-generation selection colony with rich hereditary bases and for cultivation of novel oat varieties of different types.

The invention discloses a breeding method of loose-panicle fragrant rice line III, belonging to the field of breeding technology of special rice sterile line. According to the breeding method, a loose-panicle rice line, a fragrant rice line-III maintainer line, a line-III sterile line, a line-III early maturing restorer line and a line-III late maturing restorer line are adopted as cross parents; and by adopting the process of hybridization and multi-generation backcrossing and by identifying the panicle type, fragrance and sterility of multiple generations and screening comprehensive characters, an excellent loose-panicle fragrant rice sterile line III is bred which has the advantages of loose panicles, strong rice fragrance, stable sterility, good combining ability and high yield of breeding, seed production and hybridization. The hybrid seeds prepared from the sterile line have high outcrossing rate, strong seed reproduction ability and good rice appearance and eating quality; and moreover, the pest and disease damage at the panicles such as green smut is obviously relieved, the dosage of pesticide can be reduced, and the farmer income is increased.

Methods for increasing hybrid seed production are provided. Increased hybrid seed production is achieved through higher outcrossing rates in cytoplasmic male sterile (CMS) lines of rice by introgressing the long stigma trait of Oryza longistaminata. CMS lines having higher outcrossing rates capable of high hybrid seed set are also provided.

The invention discloses a breeding method of a big-stigma two-line rice sterile line, belonging to the technical field of rice heterosis utilization. The method comprises the following steps: sprouting seeds of the two-line rice sterile line till white sprouts come out, then radiating the seeds with 60 Co-gamma rays of which the dosage is 50-80Gy so as to obtain big-stigma trait mutants; observing the mutants on the aspects of economical trait, yield trait, flowering and pollen spreading trait, and finally breeding the big-stigma two-line rice sterile line, wherein the glumous flower stigma of the bred big-stigma two-line rice sterile line is twice or three times as large as that of a common sterile line. The physical radiation-induced mutation method for breeding the big-stigma two-line rice sterile line needs short time and can achieve high breeding efficiency, the whole breeding process only needs 3-4 planting generations in 2 years. The breeding method has the advantages that big-stigma trait mutation frequency is 0.03-0.04%, the stigma exposure rate is higher than 90%, and the outcrossing rate and seed production yield of the two-line rice sterile line can be improved remarkably.

The invention discloses a breeding method of a japonica rice sterile line during early blossoming, and belongs to the field of rice heterosis utilization. The breeding method comprises the following steps that indica rice or wild rice resources which bloom before 9 o'clock in the morning, have good heterozygosity and good outcrossing habit are selected, and a japonica rice maintainer line serversas female parent with the indica rice or wild rice resources for hybridization; single plants which bloom at about 10 o'clock in the morning and have good heterozygosity are selected as segregation generations, and pedigree selection is carried out until stable; existing markers are utilized, and new molecular markers are mined to assist in selection; the maintainer line and the sterile line are hybridized and backcrossed, and the breeding process is accelerated through high-density direct seeding; and south-north shuttling breeding is carried out to breed a new japonica rice sterile line during early blossoming. The japonica rice sterile line bred by the method is early in flowering time, high in stigma exposure rate and high in outcrossing setting rate.

The invention discloses a feed for promoting the growth of ancistrus fries. The feed is characterized in that the feed is prepared from the following components in parts by weight: 300 to 400 parts of blue-green algae, 20 to 30 parts of saccharomyces cerevisiae, 50 to 60 parts of cooked yolk, 100 to 150 parts of spinach powder, 30 to 50 parts of garlic powder, 30 to 40 parts of haw powder, 50 to 60 parts of wheat gluten, 0.1 to 0.3 parts of sodium humate, 0.01 to 0.03 parts of protease, 10 to 20 parts of medicinal stone powder, 0.5 to 1 part of fish multivitamin and 400 to 500 parts of minced fresh shrimp. Each component of the feed is screened strictly, each component is a natural substance, nutrition is complete and balanced, palatability and attractant effect are good, the feed is easy to digest and absorb, and the growing speed of the ancistrus fries can be increased remarkably. The invention also discloses a preparation method of the feed for promoting the growth of the ancistrus fries, the steps are simple, the requirement on equipment is low, the method is easy to operate, and the cost is low.

The invention belongs to the technical field of crop breeding, and particularly relates to a breeding method of a new ultra-large-ear wheat variety, which comprises the steps of ear selection and arrangement, castration and bagging, pollination and the like, and can improve the outcrossing rate, improve the breeding efficiency and promote gene recombination between varieties, thereby breeding high-quality wheat. The method is suitable for breeding new wheat varieties in Anhui, Hebei, Henan and Shandong regions, the high yield of the wheat varieties can be obviously improved, the high-yield, short-stem, large-ear, lodging-resistant and high-quality new wheat varieties can be bred, the bred varieties can be popularized and planted in Anhui, Hebei, Henan and Shandong regions, and the popularization range of the wheat varieties is greatly widened.

The present invention relates to the technical field of rice breeding, and specifically discloses a breeding method for high-outcrossing-rate high-combining-ability dual-purpose genic sterile lines. The method comprises the following steps of hybridizing two or more parents which have different genetic backgrounds and contain at least one two-line sterile line; collecting F2-generation seeds according to single plants; adjacently planting F2 generation and restorer lines sown by stages in the north in summer, selecting excellent sterile single plants according to breeding objectives of high outcrossing rate, high seed quality and the like after earing for rice root cutting regeneration, performing cold irrigation propagation, and collecting F3-generation seeds according to the single plants; planting F3 in the south in winter, performing natural seed setting by nature chilling, selecting the single plants with the low sterility critical temperatures and the good reproductivity, and collecting F4-generation seeds according to the plant rows; and continuing one-year north-south two-generation breeding until the sterile lines are stable, performing variety comparison on hybrid seeds matched with the sterile lines, and selecting the sterile lines corresponding to the hybrid seeds as the high-outcrossing-rate high-combining-ability dual-purpose genic sterile lines obtained by breeding. The method improves the probability of breeding high-outcrossing-rate high-combining-ability rice.

The invention discloses a method for preparing bermuda grass protoplast by efficient separation. The method comprises the following steps: (1) tearing bermuda grass leaves into strips; (2) adding cellulase and macerozyme to carry out vacuum filtration; (3) carrying out incubation and enzymolysis of the cellulase and the macerozyme to remove cell walls; (4) centrifugally collecting cells subjected to enzymolysis; (5) washing the cells to remove residual enzyme liquid; and (6) centrifuging again to obtain protoplast cells. According to the invention, as important warm-season turfgrass, the bermuda grass has the genetic characteristics of frequent outcrossing and complex ploidy, and is difficult for traditional cross breeding; and cell engineering breeding can overcome the dilemma and rapidly cultivate new varieties; and the method of preparing the bermuda grass protoplast, which is disclosed by the invention, can be used for efficiently preparing the bermuda grass protoplast, provides an important material for bermuda grass cell engineering breeding and molecular biology research based on cell fusion and gene transformation, and has great application value.

The invention discloses a seed production method for bilinear hybrid rice overslipping the flowering time, which comprises the following steps: a, seed selection: breeding or transferring an indica sterile line, an indica wide line and a restoring line with a flowering time characteristic similar to that of a female parent indica as male parents; b, seed production: arranging the seed production time from the end of August to early September; C, fertilization: applying a boric fertilizer to the male parent in the young panicle stage so as to advance the flowering time; d, dew removal: in the heading and flowering periods of the female parent, removing dew on the female parent by using maranta in every morning of sunny days; e, harvesting: in the rice seedling bed period, removing hybrid plants which have significant differences in leaf sheath, leaf color, plant type, leaf type and the like, and when seeds are maturated, timely harvesting. According to the invention, the flowering time is advanced in a mode of skillfully applying the boric fertilizer and removing dew in the morning, so that the problem of overslipping flowering phase and flowering time in the existing seed production process is solved, and the purpose that the seed production yield is increased because the setting rate of outcrossing is improved due to coincidence of the flowering times of the male parent and the female parent is achieved.

The invention relates to the breeding field of crops, in particular to broad bean. 8137 in the 8137 floral material cleistogamy technology studied in the project has special floral organ structure and is a rare cleistogamy type; the sizes of vexilla and carina of the 8137 are the same as those of a floral organ of a common broad bean plant, but ala of the 8137 is remarkably degraded and reduced and is only 20% of the floral organ of the common broad bean plant in size; and the degraded ala closely clasps the carina, in this way, a pollination vector insect cannot stays at the floral organ for collecting honey and getting pollen normally, and pollen is transmitted between flowers and between floral organs of the plants, so that outcrossing is caused. A cleistogamy material is provided with an 8137 floral organ structure; the technology using the 8137 material comprises genetic research, breed improvement and other applications. The cleistogamy character of the broad bean is not reported yet at home at present, and no application of the cleistogamy varieties and materials to the production exists. The new variety (kidney bean 8137) bred by the project has the cleistogamy character.