The invention discloses a traditional Chinese medicine decoction for treating infantile malnutrition. The traditional Chinese medicine decoction for treating infantile malnutrition comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 15-20 parts of tartary buckwheat head, 10-12 parts of coloured malt, 3-5 parts of sagittaria sagittifolia, 5-7 parts of centipeda minima, 3-5 parts of radix pseudostellariae, 2-4 parts of justicia procumbens, 3-5 parts of gardenia florida, 8-10 parts of pericarpium citri reticulatae, 2-4 parts of sweet potato leaves, 4-6 parts of pomegranate leaves, 3-5 parts of semen raphani, 11-13 parts of honey-fried licorice root, 6-8 parts of poria cocos, 3-5 parts of horsetail, 2-4 parts of pothos chinensis, 1-3 parts of curcuma aromatica, 4-6 parts of quispualis indica, 2.5-3.5 parts of radix asteris, 2-4 parts of medicated leaven, 1-3 parts of common melastoma herb, 2-3 parts of heteropappus, 1-3 parts of artemisia annua and 2-4 parts of bidens biternata. The traditional Chinese medicine decoction disclosed by the invention has the effects of tonifying spleen, promoting appetite, removing stagnation, prompting purgation, and helping digestion and expelling parasite, and is capable of reinforcing qi, nourishing blood, soothing the liver, invigorating the circulation of blood, activating yang and restoring the pulse, and then accurately and rapidly treating infantile malnutrition fundamentally.