Cascadable level shifter cell

Abstract

A level shifter circuit including first and second circuits and a protection layer. The first circuit receives an input signal and switches first and second nodes to opposite states within a first voltage range between first and second supply voltages. The second circuit switches the third and fourth nodes to opposite states within a second voltage range between third and fourth supply voltages in response to switching of the first and second nodes. The protection layer couples the first and second nodes to third and fourth nodes via respective first and second isolation paths. The isolation paths operate to keep the first and second nodes within the first voltage range and to keep the third and fourth nodes within the second voltage range. Isolation enables the use of thin gate-oxide devices for speed while extending the voltage range beyond the maximum voltage allowable for a single thin gate-oxide device.

Description

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION[0001]1. Field of the Invention[0002]The present invention relates in general to electronic devices, and more specifically to a cascadable level shifter cell with improved noise immunity.[0003]2. Description of the Related Art[0004]There exists the need for high-speed, point-to-point interface communications between lower chip level signals, e.g., 1 Volt (V) or less, and external circuits operating at higher voltage levels (e.g, 2.5V, 3.3V, or higher). Many systems include circuitry designed with a variety of technologies operating at multiple voltage levels. It has proved to be very challenging, however, to provide level shifting and output buffer circuits that interface multiple voltage levels while operating at the desired limits of the I / O speed. Process technologies, including CMOS processes, are continually improving resulting in smaller and faster devices, such as, for example, 90-nm CMOS. The smaller devices made with the newer technologies have re...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

It has proved to be very challenging, however, to provide level shifting and output buffer circuits that interface multiple voltage levels while operating at the desired limits of the I / O speed.

The smaller devices made with the newer technologies have relatively thin gate-oxide layers, which are faster than devices having relatively thick gate-oxide layers, but which are unable to withstand the higher voltage levels.

The larger devices, however, are slower and tend to slow down the I / O interface.

Such drivers suffer from low performance, however, particularly at lower voltage levels of the chip.

Such conventional configuration is susceptible to noise in that any variation in switching voltage at the output of the first caused by noise or the like potentially results in failure to switch the second.

Images