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Electrolyte for a lithium battery and a lithium battery comprising the same

a lithium battery and electrolyte technology, applied in the direction of non-aqueous electrolyte cells, furniture parts, electrochemical generators, etc., can solve the problems of increasing the need for high-capacity batteries, seriously reducing battery safety, and thermal instability of positive and negative electrodes, so as to improve battery safety

Inactive Publication Date: 2006-08-31
SAMSUNG SDI CO LTD
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Benefits of technology

[0009] In one embodiment of the present invention, a lithium battery electrolyte imparts improved battery safety.
[0010] In another embodiment of the present invention, a lithium battery comprises an electrolyte which imparts improved battery safety.

Problems solved by technology

When a battery is overcharged, excess lithium ions are deposited on the positive electrode, and excess lithium ions are inserted into the negative electrode, making the positive and negative electrodes thermally unstable.
An explosion may occur due to the decomposition of the electrolytic organic solvent causing thermal runaway which can seriously decrease battery safety.
However, the need for high capacity batteries is increasing, and these redox shuttle additives cannot provide the high level of safety required of such high capacity batteries.

Method used

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  • Electrolyte for a lithium battery and a lithium battery comprising the same
  • Electrolyte for a lithium battery and a lithium battery comprising the same
  • Electrolyte for a lithium battery and a lithium battery comprising the same

Examples

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experimental example 1

[0053] A working electrode was prepared using glassy carbon, and a reference electrode and counter electrode was prepared using lithium metal. Cyclic voltammetry of succino nitrile was then measured three times at a scanning rate of 0.5 mV / second. The results are shown in FIG. 2. As shown in FIG. 2, succino nitrile did not show an oxidation-reduction peak between 2.5 and 4.8 V, indicating that this compound is stable in this voltage range.

experimental example 2

[0054] A positive electrode was prepared as in Comparative Example 1 and subjected to the standard charge conditions. The positive electrode was then dipped in an electrolyte solution. Subsequently, phenyl acetate and a first additive capable of forming a chelating complex were added to the positive electrode, and the positive electrode was then stored at 85° C. for four hours. Table 2 lists the first additive used and the color of the electrolyte solution.

TABLE 2Color after storage atInitial color85° C. for 4 hoursExample 1TransparentDeep orangeSuccino nitrileTransparentpale yellowAceto nitrileTransparentLight pinkValero nitrileTransparentLight pink3-ethoxy-propionitrileTransparentLight pinkEthylene glycol diacrylateTransparentPink1,2-Pale yellowYellowbis(diphenylphosphino)ethane1,2-dibromoethaneTransparentPale orangeEthylenediamineYellowDeep brownTetraethylenediamineYellowDeep brown

[0055] Table 2 shows that after cobalt was released a complex was formed resulting in a change of ...

example 1

[0056] A lithium secondary battery was fabricated as in Comparative Example 1, except that the electrolyte was prepared by adding succino nitrile to a solution of 1 M LiPF6 dissolved in a mixed solvent of ethylene carbonate, ethylmethyl carbonate, dimethyl carbonate and fluorobenzene. The volume ratio of ethylene carbonate: ethylmethyl carbonate:dimethyl carbonate:fluorobenzene was 3:5:5:1. The succino nitrile was added in an amount of 5 wt % based on the total weight of electrolyte.

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Abstract

The present invention relates to an electrolyte for a lithium battery and a lithium battery comprising the same. The electrolyte includes a non-aqueous organic solvent, a lithium salt, and a first additive capable of forming a chelating complex with a transition metal and which is stable at voltages ranging from about 2.5 to about 4.8 V.

Description

CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION [0001] This application claims priority to and the benefit of Korean Patent Application No. 110-2005-0016691 filed in the Korean Intellectual Property Office on Feb. 28, 2005, the entire content of which is incorporated herein by reference. FIELD OF THE INVENTION [0002] The present invention relates to an electrolyte for a lithium battery and a lithium battery comprising the same, and more particularly, to an electrolyte which improves battery safety. BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION [0003] Portable electronic devices are becoming smaller and lighter due to advancements in the high-tech electronic industry. As a result, portable electronic devices are increasingly being used. The increased need for batteries having high energy density for use as power sources for these portable electronic devices has led to recent research into lithium secondary batteries. [0004] Lithium secondary batteries have average discharge potentials of about 4 V, and more pa...

Claims

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Application Information

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IPC IPC(8): H01M10/40H01M10/05H01M10/052H01M10/0525H01M10/0567H01M10/0568H01M10/0569
CPCH01M6/168H01M10/052H01M10/0525H01M10/0567H01M10/0569Y02E60/122Y02E60/10A47B96/021A47F5/0043B21D19/08H01M6/164
Inventor YEW, KYOUNG-HANSONG, EUI-HWANJUNG, CHEOL-SOOLEE, YONG-BEOM
Owner SAMSUNG SDI CO LTD
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