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Method for determining a cardiac function

a physiological characteristic and cardiac function technology, applied in the field of physiological characteristics associated with cardiac function, can solve the problems of general difficulty in capturing and maintaining accurate pulse wave signals via the noted methods, and methods are susceptible to significant errors, so as to improve accuracy and accuracy of pulse wave velocity determination, increase in pressure and expelling of blood, and reduce pressure

Active Publication Date: 2014-09-16
CARDIAC PROFILES
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Benefits of technology

The present invention provides better methods for measuring the time it takes for blood to flow through the arterial system, known as the pre-ejection period. This is important because the length of the pre-ejection period can indicate the elasticity and stiffness of the arterial system, which can help predict and diagnose cardiovascular disease. The new methods account for the pre-election period, resulting in more accurate pulse wave velocity readings. This can be useful in evaluating the function of the heart and the performance of the cardiovascular system. The invention particularly relates to the measurement of pulse wave velocity in the arterial system, which is important for determining cardiac output and cardiovascular performance. The invention also provides information on the location and path of blood flow through the arterial system.

Problems solved by technology

There are several drawbacks and disadvantages associated with the Frank and PWV original methods.
A major drawback is that it is generally more difficult to capture and maintain an accurate pulse wave signal via the noted methods.
Although the methods disclosed in the noted references provide an effective means of determining pulse wave velocity, the methods are susceptible to significant error by virtue of the fact that the determinations of pulse transit time, which is a primary variable in pulse wave velocity equations and algorithms, fail to adequately account for the pre-ejection period (“PEP”).

Method used

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  • Method for determining a cardiac function
  • Method for determining a cardiac function
  • Method for determining a cardiac function

Examples

Experimental program
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example 1

[0147]An elderly female patient is presented with the following:[0148](i) age: 92 years;[0149](ii) height: 62 inches;[0150](iii) weight: 79 Kg: and[0151](iv) arterial hypertension (systolic pressure=151 mmHg and diastolic pressure=89 mmHg).

[0152]The following basic distances were employed:

D01=D0x+Dx1=8.00 cm+13.00 cm=21 cm;  (i)

D02=D0x+Dx2=8.00 cm+74.00 cm=82 cm; and  (ii)

D12=D02−D01=82.00 cm−21.00 cm=61 cm.  (iii)

[0153]The following measurements were also determined:[0154](i) D0x=8.00 cm;[0155](ii) Dx1=13.00 cm; and[0156](iii) Dx2=74.00 cm.

[0157]From measured patient data the following was also provided:[0158](i) PDDigit=0.1984 seconds; and[0159](ii) PDEar=0.1627 seconds.

[0160]Using a value of 0.88 for ratio parameter αv, pulse wave velocity (PWV) and pre-ejection period (PEP) is then determined, as set forth above, i.e.

[0161]PWVCentral=αv×PWVPeripheral=D12×αv(PDDigit-PDEar)=61⁢⁢cm×0.88(0.1984sec-0.1627sec)=1627⁢⁢cmsecP⁢⁢E⁢⁢P=PDEar-(PDDigit-PDEar)*D01(D02-D01)*αage=0.1627sec-(0.198...

example 2

[0162]A young normotensive female patient is presented with the following:[0163](i) age: 42 years;[0164](ii) height: 63 inches;[0165](iii) weight: 79 Kg: and[0166](v) arterial hypertension (systolic pressure=130 mmHg and diastolic pressure=7 mmHg).

[0167]The following basic distances were employed:

D01=D0x+Dx1=6.35 cm+13.97 cm=20.32 cm;  (i)

D02=D0x+Dx2=6.35 cm+80.01 cm=86.36 cm; and  (ii)

D12=D02−D01=86.36 cm−20.32 cm=66.04 cm.  (iii)

[0168]The following measurements were also determined:[0169](i) D1=6.35 cm;[0170](ii) D2=13.97 cm; and[0171](iii) D4=80.01 cm.

[0172]From measured patient data the following was also provided:[0173](i) PulseDelayDigit=0.1942 seconds; and[0174](ii) PulseDelayFacial=0.1472 seconds.

[0175]Using a value of 0.88 for ratio parameter αv, pulse wave velocity (PWV) and pre-ejection period (PEP) is then determined, as set forth above, i.e.

[0176]PWVCentral=αv×PWVPeripheral=D12×αv(PDDigit-PDEar)=66.04⁢⁢cm×0.88(0.1942sec-0.1472sec)=955⁢⁢cmsecP⁢⁢E⁢⁢P=PDEar-(PDDigit-PDEar)...

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Abstract

A method for determining a cardiac function, comprising (i) determining base anatomical characteristics associated with the subject, (ii) determining pulse delay to a first body site (PD01) and a second body site (PD02) as a function of the anatomical characteristics, wherein the distance via the arterial tree from the aortic valve to the first body site (PD01) is different than the arterial tree distance from the aortic valve to the second body site (PD02), (iii) determining pulse wave velocity between the first body site and the second body site (PWV12), (iv) determining pulse wave velocity between the aortic valve and the first body site (PWV01) as a function of PWV12, and the anatomical characteristics; and (v) determining the pre-ejection period (PEP) as a function of PD01 and PWV01.

Description

FIELD OF THE PRESENT INVENTION[0001]The present invention relates generally to methods of determining physiological characteristics associated with cardiac function. More specifically, the invention relates to improved methods for determining the pre-ejection period and pulse wave velocity.BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION[0002]The study of the performance and properties of the physiology (including notably the cardiovascular system) of a living subject has proven useful for diagnosing and assessing any number of conditions or diseases within the subject. The performance of the cardiovascular system, particularly the heart, has characteristically been measured in terms of several pertinent parameters, such as pulse wave velocity, pulse transit time, stroke volume and cardiac output.[0003]A key cardiovascular parameter (or physiological characteristic) is pulse wave velocity, i.e. the speed at which a pressure wave propagates throughout the arterial tree, or aortic pulse wave velocity, i.e...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Patents(United States)
IPC IPC(8): A61B5/02
CPCA61B5/026A61B5/02125
Inventor VOSS, GREGORY I.PERRY, JAMES M.CLINTON, III, RANKIN A.STERLING, BERNHARD B.LAWRENCE, ANDREW R
Owner CARDIAC PROFILES
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