33 results about "Significant error" patented technology

Error concealment is used to hide the effects of errors detected within digital video information. A complex error concealment mode decision is disclosed to determine whether spatial error concealment (SEC) or temporal error concealment (TEC) should be used. The error concealment mode decision system uses different methods depending on whether the damaged frame is an intra-frame or an inter-frame. If the video frame is an intra-frame then a similarity metric is used to determine if the intra-frame represents a scene-change or not. If the video frame is an intra-frame, a complex multi-termed equation is used to determine whether SEC or TEC should be used. A novel spatial error concealment technique is disclosed for use when the error concealment mode decision determines that spatial error concealment should be used for reconstruction. The novel spatial error concealment technique divides a corrupt macroblock into four different regions, a corner region, a row adjacent to the corner region, a column adjacent to the corner region, and a remainder main region. Those regions are then reconstructed in that order and information from earlier reconstructed regions may be used in later reconstructed regions. Finally, a macroblock refreshment technique is disclosed for preventing error propagation from harming non-corrupt inter-blocks. Specifically, an inter-macroblock may be ‘refreshed’ using spatial error concealment if there has been significant error caused damage that may cause the inter-block to propagate the errors.

In low-voltage circuits, there is often insufficient voltage to use a current source to bias a transconductance amplifier stage. This is particularly true in mixers where a switching circuit must be stacked on top of the transconductance input stage. One way around this problem is to get "double-duty" out of the input differential pair, using it both for gain stage and for DC bias. This is done by AC coupling in a high-frequency input signal, while using a low-frequency, DC-coupled circuit to establish the proper bias level. One common technique is to use a simple current mirror scheme to establish the DC level. Proper biasing using this technique requires good matching of resistance. In some implementations of transconductance amplifiers, particularly those that use inductors as degeneration elements, series resistance of the inductor and interconnect resistance can cause significant errors in the bias current. This invention addresses that problem by using an operational amplifier with a current-sensing resistor and a low-frequency feedback loop to compensate automatically for any resistance errors. The operational amplifier drives the feedback voltage (generated in accordance with the sensed voltage at the current-sensing resistor and applied to one input of the operational amplifier) towards a reference voltage that is applied to the other input of the operational amplifier to bias the transistor(s) in the transconductance amplifier for desired operating conditions.

The invention is a method for detecting failures in an analyzer for conducting clinical assays. Potential errors that can result in assay failures in an analyzer are identified, as are their potential sources. The probability that an error source so identified will result in a clinically significant error is also determined. Available potential detection measures corresponding to the source of potential errors are identified with a combination of such measures selected and implemented based on their probability of detecting such errors within an acceptable limit with a concomitant low probability of the false detection of an assay failure. Each of the measures selected are functionally independent of others chosen to address the source of the error and are not subject to the same inherent means of failed detection. Applications of the method in a clinical analyzer are also presented.

The present invention mainly relates to a current limiting circuit, also known as over-current protection circuit, and a power regulator using the same. The purpose for the circuit is to protect the power device and the loading circuit for the power regulator. The conventional current limiting circuit takes advantage of a resistor and a MOS to convert the detected over current into a voltage and then turn on a P-typed MOS to clamp the gate voltage of a power transistor so as to achieve the goal of current limiting. However, the process variation for the resistor and said MOS and their temperature variation lead to a significant error to the limiting current. The present invention, therefore, takes advantage of the current comparison to enhance the accuracy for the current limiting circuit.

A lithographic projection apparatus which uses one, and optionally also two or more color interferometric devices to accurately determine the position of a movable table within the apparatus. The apparatus comprises a purge gas source to supply purge gas to a space accommodating at least a part of said movable table, the purge gas being selected such that leakage of the purge gas into the area of operation of the interferometric devices does not cause significant error in the interferometric measurements.

An improved measurement circuit includes a current transformer and an active feedback circuit operated as a negative resistance that matches the value of the winding resistance of the current transformer. An amplifier in the feedback circuit provides power to drive a secondary current through a sense resistor and the transformer winding resistance, reducing the most significant error source in a current transformer circuit by presenting a negative impedance to the current transformer. Combined with the positive resistance of the transformer's winding, the negative impedance results in a net burden of zero on the current transformer, which eliminates the need for the transformer having to provide power to drive the secondary current. This facilitates the use of smaller transformers while achieving reduced measurement errors. Thus, a single, compact measurement device may be used in a wide range of applications with high measurement performance.

The invention relates to a construction method for a special structure protograph QC-LDPC code based on a Pascal's triangle, and belongs to the technical field of channel coding research. The method utilizes the Pascal's triangle to construct a matrix, and specifically comprises the following steps of constructing a weight matrix of the protograph, namely a base matrix Hbase; performing anticlockwise rotation by using the Pascal's triangle structure to acquire an S matrix; filling elements in the S matrix into the weight matrix Hbase of the protograph according to a rule to acquire a base matrix H of the protograph; extending the protograph base matrix H via a zero matrix and a unit matrix to acquire a check matrix, and providing a fast iterative coding algorithm of the codon according tothe structure of H. The base matrix has a quasi bidiagonal structure, avoids four rings and can achieve fast coding, is reduced in coding complexity, and has better iterative decoding performance without significant error floors.

The invention provides a data reconciliation and hypothesis testing based multi-fault diagnosis method for power plant system, which belong to the technical field of power plant performance monitoring and fault diagnosing. The technical steps of the invention comprise 1) selecting quasi-static measuring data; establishing a system constraint equation and carrying out data coordination calculation; 2) calculating the global hypothesis testing statistic amount; and comparing with the allowable critical value to determine whether the parameters have significant errors; 3) if there are significant errors, recognizing the parameter with errors and removing it from proceeding to the next step; 4) calculating the testing statistic amount after rank reduction and comparing with a new critical value to determine whether the parameters have significant errors; 5) if there are no significant errors, then completing the calculation; and otherwise, repeating steps 3 and 4 until all significant errors are identified through tests. The method uses the idea of sequence elimination to realize fast and accurate fault location one by one. The significant error thresholds can be used as power plant alarm thresholds to prompt operation men at early stage so as to ensure the security of machines and reduce the production costs.

The positioning signals broadcast by GNSS constellations are affected by significant errors, notably due to the crossing of the ionospheric layer or of the tropospheric layer. Several unwieldy means have been deployed to provide professional users with corrections of said errors. These means, however, all require the knowledge of at least one precise reference point at a given distance. According to the invention, positioning receivers that are not very precise, such as smartphones, present in a geographical zone, of unknown precise position, can contribute to the production of precise atmospheric error corrections if said receivers are sufficiently numerous.

In the implementation of timing recovery in conventional communication systems, significant errors are generated from modulo operations under certain extreme conditions by taking input signals of a slicer as datum points. In order to prevent such errors, the input signal of a modulo processing circuit is taken as the datum point in place of the input signal of a slicer. This technique could also be applied to communication systems adopting the minimum mean-square error algorithm, the zero-forcing algorithm, or other relevant algorithms.

The present invention differentiates between systematic and non-systematic conditions by observing a figure of merit over a series of many observation events. In a data storage recording environment, the particular figure of merit used is the number of data segments that must be re-written (due to errors) to a recording medium in order to assure that an entire data set is correctly written. A larger number of re-written segments is indicative of a significant error condition. After each data set is completely and correctly written, the number of re-written segments for the data set is reported as an “event.” A running history of the classified events (or the events themselves) is maintained. Then, at a predetermined time, the history is analyzed and a decision made as to whether any observed events meets predetermined criteria for a systematic condition.