Disclosed is an automatic cleaning and maintaining device with the good damping effect for a bridge. The bridge comprises a main transverse beam (4) and an auxiliary beam (41), wherein the main transverse beam (4) is provided with a guiding rib (2) transversely extending, and the auxiliary beam (41) is supported on the main transverse beam (4). The automatic cleaning and maintaining device comprises a supporting frame, a water supply pipe (61) and a nozzle (62), wherein the water supply pipe (61) is supported on the supporting frame and is close to the main transverse beam (4), and the nozzle (62) is communicated with the water supply pipe (61) so as to be aligned to the portion, needing to be cleaned, of the bridge to spray water and clean the portion. The upper and lower surfaces of the guiding rib (2) are each provided with a plurality of guiding protrusions extending along the guiding rib (2).